THE FREEZING POINTS OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. I. A FREEZING POINT APPARATUS

1932 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 2676-2690 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Scatchard ◽  
P. T. Jones ◽  
S. S. Prentiss
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Freezing Points

PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF 2,3-BUTANEDIOL: XII. ANTIFREEZE PROPERTIES OF TERNARY AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS CONTAINING LEVO-2,3-BUTANEDIOL AS A MAJOR COMPONENT

1946 ◽  
Vol 24f (5) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Clendenning ◽  
D. E. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Freezing Points ◽  
Point Depressant ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Considerable Range

Freezing point, viscosity, and boiling point data are presented for aqueous solutions of levo-2,3-butanediol containing methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol as third components. All four ternary systems show freezing points of −50 °C. and lower over a considerable range of compositions. Among the compounds tested as third components, methanol was most effective as a thinning agent and accessory freezing point depressant. The data indicate that 20% methanol–40% butanediol–40% water is suitable for use at temperatures as low as −50 °C.

scholarly journals XXXII.—The Boiling and Freezing Points of Concentrated Aqueous Solutions, and the Question of the Hydration of the Solute

1908 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Conductivity Data ◽  
Concentrated Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Freezing Points ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes

In this paper the results of observations of the elevation of the boiling point of aqueous solutions of electrolytes are given, and a few results of observations of the depression of the freezing point, together with conductivity data obtained by observations of conductivity at about 99·4° and 0° Centigrade.

Density and viscosity of aqueous solutions of methanol and acetone from the freezing point to 10.deg.

1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred. Kurata ◽  
Thomas W. Yergovich ◽  
George W. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Freezing Point

Melting and crystal structure: the melting parameters of some polyphenyls

1955 ◽  
Vol 228 (1175) ◽  
pp. 435-447 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Volume Increase ◽  
Freezing Points ◽  
Viscosity Measurements ◽  
Marked Tendency

Melting mechanisms have been studied for diphenyl, and o -, m - and p -terphenyl. The volume increase on melting is largest for the linear polyphenyls and smallest for branched molecules which can interlock in the melt. In no case will the volume increase permit the ‘onset of rotation’ on melting. Viscosity measurements give marked indications of the growth of cybotactic groups in the melts on approaching the freezing-points, especially in the case of o -terphenyl, where the , ratio H vap / E n reaches exceptionally low values near the freezing-point. Plots of fluidity against specific volume and the marked tendency of the melt of o- terphenyl to supercool give further indications of the presence of interlocked groups of molecules in the melt.

Variation of freezing point of cow's milk free from extraneous water during lactation

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
B.A. Slaghuis ◽  
G.H. Klungel
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Freezing Points ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactation Curve ◽  
One Year ◽  
Morning Milk

AbstractThe freezing point of bovine milk is known to vary between narrow limits. However, some variation is possible, because of the osmotic relationship between blood and milk. The extent of variation in freezing points of cow's milk was studied. For one year, freezing points were determined in individual milk samples from a high producing herd. Differences (P<0.05) were found between evening and morning milk yield and freezing points. A ‘lactation curve’ for freezing points was fitted and showed some similarity with milk yield curves. Stage of lactation explained part of the variation of freezing points of cow's milk.

scholarly journals XIV. On the spontaneous crystallisation of monochloracetic acid and its mixtures with naphthalene

1909 ◽  
Vol 209 (441-458) ◽  
pp. 337-377 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Freezing Point ◽  
Mixed Crystals ◽  
Freezing Points ◽  
Pure Substances

Our previous papers on spontaneous crystallisation have dealt with the supersolubility curves, firstly, of pure substances; secondly, of mixtures of two or more substances which do not form mixed crystals; and, finally, with naphthalene and β -naphthol; the last form mixed crystals of the type (l) of Roozeboom, in which the freezingpoints of all mixtures lie between the freezing-points of the pure components. The object for which the present investigation was undertaken was to study the spontaneous crystallisation of two substances which form mixed crystals and possess a minimum or eutectic freezing-point.

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