Lactone Formation in the Addition Product of Maleic Anhydride and Bicyclohexenyl

1938 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2792-2794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Adams ◽  
E. E. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Addition Product

Maleic Anhydride – Triethylamine Complex

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (21) ◽  
pp. 3539-3540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood F. Mayahi ◽  
M. F. El-Bermani
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Addition Product ◽  
Open Chain ◽  
Yellow Solution

Reaction of triethylamine with maleic anhydride (MA) forms first a yellow solution, which immediately turns into a dark brown product with a large increase in temperature. The addition product is a 1:1 open chain inner salt [Formula: see text]. The spectral properties of this salt are reported.

Ionic dimerisation of trifluoropropenenitrile and its addition reactions with methyl trifluoropropenoate

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Svoboda ◽  
Oldřich Paleta ◽  
Václav Dědek
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Proton Transfer ◽  
Substituent Effect ◽  
Solvent Molecule ◽  
Addition Product ◽  
Potassium Fluoride ◽  
Relative Reactivity ◽  
Addition Reactions ◽  
Tertiary Amines ◽  
Optimum Conditions

Dimerisation of trifluoropropenenitrile (I) in the presence of potassium fluoride and tertiary amines afforded a mixture of stereoisomeric perfluoro-4-methyl-pentenedinitriles (II), higher-boiling compounds, and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropanenitrile (III) which arises by proton transfer from the solvent molecule. Under optimum conditions, product II was obtained in about 50% yield. Reaction of the nitrile I with methyl trifluoropropenoate (IV) gave, besides the dimers II and V, the product of addition of the nitrile I to the propenoate, IV, i.e. methyl 4-cyanoperfluoro-2-pentenoate (VI), and the addition product of the propenoate IV to the nitrile I, i.e. methyl 4-cyanoperfluoro-2-methyl-3-butenoate (VII). The relative reactivity if I and IV is discussed. The ratio of stereoisomers in II, V, VI and VII indicates that the magnitude of the steric substituent effect, operating in the reaction mechanism, decreases in the order -CFCF3.(COOCH3) > -CFCF3(CN) > -COOCH3 > -CN.

Reactions of macroions with ester and carboxylic groups of polymers

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 2194-2203
Author(s):  
Miloslav Kučera ◽  
Dušan Kimmer ◽  
Karla Majerová ◽  
Josef Majer
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
The Other ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

In the reaction of dianions with poly(methyl methacrylate), only an insignificant amount of insoluble crosslinked product is obtained. If, however, the concentration of grafting dianions approaches that of ester groups, the amount of poly(methyl methacrylate) which may thus be crosslinked becomes quite significant. Dications, too, can bring about crosslinking of only an insignificant number of poly(methyl methacrylate) chains. Carboxylic groups in poly(acrylic acid) react with dianions and dications in an anhydrous medium similarly to ester groups. On the other hand, in the presence of a cocatalytic amount of water dications are more readily bound to carboxylic groups, forming a covalent bond. The relatively highest efficiency was observed in the bond formation between dication and the poly[styrene-alt-(maleic anhydride)], both in an anhydrous medium and in the presence of H2O.

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