Amino Acids. III. α-Amino-n-butyric Acid and α-Amino-isobutyric Acid

1944 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Billman ◽  
Earl E. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Amino Isobutyric Acid

Ampicillinuria and Ampicillin Crystalluria

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-639
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Potter ◽  
Arthur G. Weinberg ◽  
Raymond West
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Urinary Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Urinary Amino

Four patients with ampicillinuria and ampicillin crystalluria have been reported. The presence of ampicillin leads to false positive spots for leucine/isoleucine, phenylalanine, and β-amino isobutyric acid in paper chromatograms of the urinary amino acids, and to a false-positive spot for phenylalanine in paper electrophoretograms. Crystalluria, due to ampicillin, is also described. Its significance remains to be determined.

AMINO ACIDURIA AND ASCORBIC ACID DEFICIENCY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
J. H. P. JONXIS ◽  
T. H. J. HUISMAN
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Amino Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Amino Aciduria ◽  
Renal Origin ◽  
Acid Administration

In two cases of infantile scurvy an increased output of amino acids was found which disappeared during three or more weeks of ascorbic acid administration. The excretion of threonine, serine, glycine, tyrosine, histidine, lysine and β-amino-isobutyric acid was increased, that of the other amino acids being normal. Plasma ultrafiltrates from two scorbutic infants were found to contain amino acids in similar concentrations to those of two control infants. The amino aciduria of scurvy is thus apparently of renal origin.

scholarly journals Discrimination of Single Transport Systems

1966 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiharu Inui ◽  
Halvor N. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Methyl Derivative ◽  
Aminoisobutyric Acid ◽  
Methionine Uptake ◽  
Amino Isobutyric Acid

Uptake of methionine, α-aminoisobutyric acid, and α-(methyl-amino)-isobutyric acid has been shown to occur by at least two transport systems, one sensitive and the other insensitive to the Na+ concentration. For α-aminoisobutyric acid and its N-methyl derivative, the Na+-insensitive uptake is not concentrative and its rate increases almost linearly with concentration within the range examined. In contrast, the Na+-insensitive uptake of methionine is concentrative and subject to inhibition by such amino acids as phenylalanine, leucine, and valine, although not in a manner to indicate that the uptake is mediated by a single agency. This component is not produced by a residual operation of the Na+-requiring transport system, handicapped by the absence of Na+ or by its having combined with α-aminoisobutyric acid. The increase in the rate of methionine uptake is linear with concentration only above about 16 mM methionine. The Na+-sensitive uptakes of methionine, α-aminoisobutyric, and α-(methylamino)-isobutyric acid appear to occur by the same population of transport-mediating sites. Both Km and Vmax of the Na+-sensitive uptake of these three amino acids change with changes in the concentration of Na+, an effect which is shown to have a theoretical basis. A similarity in the values of Vmax for ten amino acids entering principally by the Na+-sensitive agency indicates that differences in their Km values probably measure differences in their affinities for that transport-mediating system.

Somatostatin inhibits insulin-stimulated amino acid uptake into cultured rat myoblasts

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. G. Spencer ◽  
D. J. Hill ◽  
G. J. Garssen ◽  
J. P. G. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Monolayer Culture ◽  
Amino Acid Uptake ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Newborn Rat ◽  
Amino Isobutyric Acid

Abstract. The effects of somatostatin on the acute metabolic actions of insulin on newborn rat myoblasts in culture has been examined during monolayer culture. Somatostatin significantly inhibited the insulin-stimulated uptake of [3H]leucine and [3H]amino-isobutyric acid into myoblasts but had no effect on basal (unstimulated) uptake of these two substances. The lowest concentration of somatostatin to have a significant effect was 10 μg/l, and this was apparent in all the experiments undertaken. The inhibitory effect of somatostatin was seen at all effective concentrations of insulin used (0.3–1 U/l). These findings lend support to the concept of an endocrine role for somatostatin in vivo and suggest that a peripheral antagonism may exist between circulating insulin and somatostatin on anabolic processes such as nutrient uptake into cells.

Determination of Beta-Amino-Isobutyric Acid in Urine and Serum using Pre-Column Derivatization Technique

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1351-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Lee ◽  
S. C. Chua ◽  
H. Y. Ong ◽  
H. P. Lee ◽  
C. N. Ong
Keyword(s):  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Amino Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Urine And Serum

scholarly journals Reduced fecal short-chain fatty acids levels and the relationship with gut microbiota in IgA nephropathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingxiong Chai ◽  
Qun Luo ◽  
Kedan Cai ◽  
Kaiyue Wang ◽  
Binbin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Β Diversity

Abstract Background: IgA nephropathy(IgAN)) is the common pathological type of glomerular diseases. The role of gut microbiota in mediating "gut-IgA nephropathy" has not received sufficient attention in the previous studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs), a metabolite of the intestinal microbiota, in patients with IgAN and its correlation with intestinal flora and clinical indicators, and to further investigate the role of the gut-renal axis in IgAN.Methods: There were 29 patients with IgAN and 29 normal control subjects recruited from January 2018 to May 2018. The fresh feces were collected. The fecal SCFAs were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gut microbiota was analysed by16S rDNA sequences, followed by estimation of α- and β-diversity. Correlation analysis was performed using the spearman’s correlation test between SCFAs and gut microbiota. Results:The levels of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid and caproic acid in the IgAN patients were significantly reduced compared with control group(P<0.05). Butyric acid(r=-0.336, P=0.010) and isobutyric acid(r=-0.298, P=0.022) were negatively correlated with urea acid; butyric acid(r=-0.316, P=0.016) was negatively correlated with urea nitrogen; caproic acid(r=-0.415,P=0.025) showed negative correlation with 24-h urine protein level.Exemplified by the results of α-diversity and β-diversity, the intestinal flora of IgAN patients was significantly different from that of the control group. Acetic acid was positively associated with c_Clostridia(r=0.357, P=0.008), o_Clostridiales(r=0.357, P=0.008) and g_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group(r=0.283, P=0.036). Butyric acid was positively associated with g_Alistipes (r=0.278, P=0.040). The relative abundance of those were significantly decreased in IgAN group compared to control group.Conclusion: The levels of fecal SCFAs in the IgAN patients were reduced, and correlated with clinical parameters and gut microbiota, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of IgAN, and this finding may provide a new therapeutic approach.

Changes in amino acid compounds of wheat plants during ensiling and aerobic exposure: the influence of propionic acid and urea phosphate-calcium propionate

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ashbell ◽  
H. H. Theune ◽  
D. Sklan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Butyric Acid ◽  
Urea Phosphate ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Calcium Propionate

SummaryChanges in distribution of amino acid nitrogen of chopped wheat plants ensiled at shooting and flowering when wilted, and at the milk and dough stages as fresh material, were determined as affected by addition of 0·8% propionic acid (PrA) or 2·2% urea phosphate-calcium propionate (UP-CaPr). Analyses were carried out after an ensiling period of 90 days and after a further aerobic exposure period (AE) of 7 days.Total amino acid (TAA) contents in the dry matter (D.M.) during the fermentation period and in the AE were stable in untreated material (UM) and treated material. Concentration of essential amino acids decreased during fermentation, this decrease being higher in the UM. The free amino acids were low in the fresh material (18·6% of TAA) but increased in the ensiled material to ca. 71 % of the TAA in the silage. In the AE this level was 63% in UM and 69% in treated material. The ammonia-N contents increased during fermentation in UM and especially in the UP-CaPr treatments, while the opposite occurred in the PrA treatments.The concentrations of and changes in 21 amino acids (AAs) are given. The highest AA concentrations recorded in the fresh material were those of arginine, lysine, glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, proline and glycine. The most marked increments in AAs as a result of fermentation were those of ornithine, γ-amino butyric acid, threonine and methionine. Marked decreases were observed in glutamine, arginine and glutamic acid. PrA increased mainly arginine, asparagine and glutamine, whereas γ-amino butyric acid decreased; UP-CaPr increased arginine, asparagine, lysine and glutamic acid (in silage only) and reduced γ-amino butyric acid and glutamine (in AE only).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document