Solvation of chromium(III) ion in water-alcohol solution

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 3017-3021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Council C. Mills ◽  
Edward L. King
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Solution ◽  
Water Alcohol

scholarly journals Modification of Structure and Magnetic Properties in Coordination Assemblies Based on [Cu(cyclam)]2+ and [W(CN)8]3−

Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Pacanowska ◽  
Mateusz Reczyński ◽  
Beata Nowicka
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Coordination Polymer ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Alcohol Solution ◽  
Slow Diffusion ◽  
Crystal Structural ◽  
Water Alcohol

The 1D {[CuII(cyclam)]3[WV(CN)8]2.5H2O}n (1·5H2O) (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) coordination polymer of ladder topology can be obtained in water-alcohol solution from [Cu(cyclam)]2+ and [W(CN)8]3− building blocks. Upon dehydration, 1·5H2O undergoes a single-crystal-to-single-crystal structural transformation to the anhydrous {[CuII(cyclam)]3[WV(CN)8]2}n (1) form, which retains the same topology, but is characterized by shorter Cu-W distances and significantly more bent CN-bridges. The deformation of the coordination skeleton is reflected in magnetic properties: the predominant intra-chain interactions change from ferromagnetic in 1·5H2O to antiferromagnetic in 1. The reaction between the same building blocks in water solution under slow diffusion conditions leads to the formation of a 0D {[CuII(cyclam)(H2O)]2[CuII(cyclam)][WV(CN)8]2}.3H2O pentanuclear assembly (2·3H2O).

The influence of extended mercerization on some properties of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heléne Almlöf ◽  
Bjørn Kreutz ◽  
Kristina Jardeby ◽  
Ulf Germgård
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Alcohol Solution ◽  
Cellulose Ii ◽  
Cellulose I ◽  
Lower Reactivity ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Water Alcohol

Abstract Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is produced commercially in a two stage process consisting of a mercerization stage in which the pulp is treated with alkali in a water alcohol solution and a second etherification stage whereby monochloro-acetic acid is added to the pulp slurry. In this study, the influence of the conditions of an extended mercerization stage was evaluated on the etherification stage concerning the degree of substitution (DS) and the filterability of the resulting CMC. The parameters studied were: (1) the ratio of cellulose I and cellulose II in the original pulp, (2) the concentration of alkali, (3) the temperature and (4) the retention time in the mercerization stage. The DS results indicate that the NaOH concentration in the mercerization stage is the most important among the parameters studied. When the NaOH concentration in the mercerization stage was high (27.5%), cellulose II showed a lower reactivity than cellulose I with respect to the DS obtained in the resulting CMC. The results from the filtration ability of CMC water solutions are interpreted that the amount of cellulose II in the original pulp and the temperature has a negative influence, while the NaOH concentration in the mercerization stage has a positive influence on the filtration ability. Retention time between 1 h–48 h in the mercerization stage had no effect on the DS or the filtration value. The filtration ability was assumed to be highly influenced by the presence of poorly reacted cellulose segments. The CMC samples with the lowest filtration ability at a given DS can be assumed to have the highest degree of unevenly substituted segments.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF MINERAL ADSORBENTS APPLICATION FOR WATER-ALCOHOL SOLUTIONS PURIFICATION IN TECHNOLOGY OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Lolita Marynchenko ◽  
Viktor Marynchenko ◽  
Mariana Hyvel
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Alcohol Solution ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Active Coal ◽  
Rectification Factor ◽  
Mineral Adsorbents ◽  
Water Alcohol Solutions ◽  
Water Alcohol ◽  
Purification Of Water

The possibility of using natural mineral adsorbents - clinoptilolite and schungite - in the adsorption purification of water-alcohol solutions of different concentrations was studied using the example of impurities of ethanol of acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate. The feasibility of studying the above-mentioned minerals for the adsorption of simple organic substances is justified. The best concentration of a water-alcohol solution for adsorption of acetaldehyde 80-85 vol.%, ethyl acetate-40 vol.% is experimentally established. The rational duration of phase contact for adsorption of acetaldehyde is from 10 to 20 minutes, for adsorption of ethyl acetate - 5 minutes. An explanation for the dependence of the sorption efficiency on the ethanol content in a water-alcohol solution is proposed based on the known dependencies of the rectification factor on the ethanol concentration. The larger the rectification factor, the less the hydrogen bond of this impurity with ethanol and the easier it is to sorb it from ethanol by mineral adsorbents. The practical and economic feasibility of using the mineral adsorbent clinoptilolite of Ukrainian origin in the preparation of alcoholic beverages instead of imported active coal is shown. It is determined that to purify water-alcohol solutions from aldehydes, which most worsen the taste of alcoholic beverages, it is more expedient to use clinoptilolite as an adsorbent. It is shown that the use of clinoptilolite for the preparation of vodkas from non-standard rectified alcohol will improve the tasting indicators of the final product.

The Experimental Study of Evaporation of Water–Alcohol Solution Droplets

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Borodulin ◽  
V. N. Letushko ◽  
M. I. Nizovtsev ◽  
A. N. Sterlyagov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Alcohol Solution ◽  
Water Alcohol

Research of Water-Alcohol Solution Permittivity at Phase Transition by Radiophysics Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 1040 ◽  
pp. 356-359
Author(s):  
T.D. Kochetkova ◽  
A.A. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Complex Permittivity ◽  
Alcohol Solution ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Ethanol Content ◽  
Varied Temperature ◽  
Water Alcohol Solutions ◽  
Water Alcohol

This study presents the research of water-alcohol solution phase transition by permittivity changing. Complex permittivity was measured by open-end-coaxial method in frequency range 500 MHz – 40 GHz. We varied temperature from 240 K to 310 K and ethanol content from 10 % to 80 %. Temperature dependencies of permittivity for water-alcohol solutions were obtained and the patterns of variation of those solidification temperatures were established.

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