The use of gas solubilities for the determination of solvation numbers and to detect ion pairing involving alkali metal cations

1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (25) ◽  
pp. 7955-7959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Martir ◽  
Antonio E. Alegria ◽  
Gerald R. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Ion Pairing ◽  
Alkali Metal Cations ◽  
Solvation Numbers ◽  
Gas Solubilities

Mass Spectrometric Behaviour of Carboxylated Polyethylene Glycols and Carboxylated Octylphenol Ethoxylates

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Frańska ◽  
Agnieszka Zgoła ◽  
Joanna Rychłowska ◽  
Andrzej Szymański ◽  
Zenon Łukaszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Polyethylene Glycols ◽  
Alkali Metal Cations ◽  
Secondary Ion

The mass spectrometric behaviour of mono- and di-carboxylated polyethylene glycols (PEGCs and CPEGCs) and carboxylated octylphenol ethoxylates (OPECs) is discussed. The tendency for ionisation (deprotonation, protonation and cationisation by alkali–metal cations) of carboxylated PEGs was compared with that of non-carboxylated analogues by using both secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and electrospray ionisation (ESI). The fragmentation of the PEGCs and CPEGCs is discussed and also compared with their neutral analogues, PEGs. B/E linked-scan mass spectra were recorded, using secondary-ion mass spectrometry as a method for ion generation, for deprotonated and protonated molecules as well as for molecules cationised by alkali–metal cations. The fragmentation behaviour of PEGs is found to be different from that of CPEGCs, The presence of carboxyl groups may be confirmed not only by the determination of molecular weights of the ethoxylates studied, but also on the basis of the fragment ions formed. The metastable decomposition of the [OPEC-H]− ions proceeds through the cleavage of the bond between the octylphenol moiety and the ethoxylene chain and leads to the octylphenoxyl anions. It permits determination of the mass of the hydrophobic moiety of the studied carboxylated alkylphenol ethoxylate. ESI mass spectra recorded in the negative-ion mode were found to be more suitable than SI mass spectra for the determination of the average molecular weight of carboxylated ethoxylates.

The Effect of Alkali Metal Cations on The Structure of Dissolved Silicate Oligomers

1987 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alon V. McCormick ◽  
A. T. Bell ◽  
C. J. Radke
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Base Composition ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Ion Pairing ◽  
Alkali Metal Cations ◽  
Silicate Anion ◽  
Cation Size ◽  
Dissolved Silicate

AbstractBy means of 29Si spectroscopy, it is established that the distribution of silicate anions in alkaline silicate solutions is a moderate function of base composition. At a fixed SiO2. concentration and silicate ratio, the proportion of Si present in oligomeric and cage-like structures increases in progressing from Li to Cs hydroxide. Interactions between alkali metal cations and silicate anions are investigated using NMR spectroscopy of the cations; in this way the concentration of ion pairs is measured as a function of cation size. As a result the silicate redistribution is ascribed to cation-silicate anion pairing and to a higher selectivity for ion pairing by large silicate anions as cation size increases.

Ion-pairing in polyoxometalate chemistry: impact of fully hydrated alkali metal cations on properties of the keggin [PW12O40]3− anion

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (32) ◽  
pp. 11170-11178
Author(s):  
Alexey L. Kaledin ◽  
Qiushi Yin ◽  
Craig L. Hill ◽  
Tianquan Lian ◽  
Djamaladdin G. Musaev
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Ion Pairing ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Alkali Metal Cations ◽  
Contact Ion Pair ◽  
Intermolecular Charge Transfer ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

The [PW12O40]3−[M+(H2O)16]3 is a “hydrogen bonded” ion-pair complex for M = Li, Na and K, but is a “contact” ion-pair complex for M = Rb and Cs, intermolecular charge transfer from the solvated counter cations M+(H2O)16 to the anion [PW12O40]3−.

Calixcrown Binding to Alkali Metal Cations—Comparison of Two 1,3-Alternate Calix[4]arenebiscrown-5 Ligands

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Abidi ◽  
Z Asfari ◽  
JM Harrowfield ◽  
AN Sobolev ◽  
J Vicens
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Chloroform Solution ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Alkali Metal Cations ◽  
Triclinic Space Group ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Solid State Conformation

While determination of the crystal structure of 1,3;2,4-biscrown-5-calix[4] arene (chloroform solvate, triclinic. space group Pī, a 11.151(4), b 16.832(6), c 21.929(8) Ǻ, α 98.78(3), β 92.02(3), γ 92.12(3)°, Z = 4 f.u ., conventional R on |F| 0.085 for 4699 'observed', I > 2σ(I), reflections) shows that this ligand has a closely similar solid state conformation to that of its previously characterized, substituted analogue, 1,3;2,4-biscrown-5-p-t-butylcalix[4] arene, the two ligands do differ significantly in their interactions with alkali metal picrates in chloroform solution. Most obviously, the t-butyl substituents of the latter ligand appear to inhibit caesium binding. changing the nature of the interactions to a form similar to that of both ligands with Li+ and Na+, for which 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy indicates weak exocyclic binding to some of the polyether oxygen atoms. 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy also provides evidence of picrate binding to the metals in isomeric forms.

Unusually Tight Ion Pairing of the 1,4- and 2,3-Di-tert-butylbuta-1,3-diene Radical Anions with Alkali-Metal Cations:  An ESR and ENDOR Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (19) ◽  
pp. 4815-4824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Gerson ◽  
Henning Hopf ◽  
Pascal Merstetter ◽  
Cornelia Mlynek ◽  
Dagmar Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Ion Pairing ◽  
Radical Anions ◽  
Alkali Metal Cations

scholarly journals The phenoxyl group-modulated interplay of cation–π and σ-type interactions in the alkali metal series

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (46) ◽  
pp. 27105-27120
Author(s):  
Giacomo Prampolini ◽  
Marco d'Ischia ◽  
Alessandro Ferretti
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Noncovalent Interactions ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Alkali Metal Cations ◽  
Striking Effect

An extensive exploration of the interaction PESs of phenol and catechol complexes with alkali metal cations reveals a striking effect of –OH substitution on the balance between cation-π and σ-type noncovalent interactions.

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