The relationship between substituent-induced energy and charge effects in proton-transfer equilibriums

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1344-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren J. Hehre ◽  
Mare Taagepera ◽  
Robert W. Taft ◽  
Ronald D. Topsom
Keyword(s):  
Proton Transfer ◽  
Charge Effects ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship between Enzyme Conformational Change, Proton Transfer, and Phosphoryl Transfer in β-Phosphoglucomutase

ACS Catalysis ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 12840-12849
Author(s):  
Angus J. Robertson ◽  
Alex L. Wilson ◽  
Matthew J. Burn ◽  
Matthew J. Cliff ◽  
Paul L. A. Popelier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Transfer ◽  
Conformational Change ◽  
Phosphoryl Transfer ◽  
The Relationship

Substituent effects on benzyl radical hyperfine coupling (hfc) constants. Part 3. Comparison of the α-hfc for substituted benzyl radicals with the β-hfc for substituted cumyl radicals

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1150-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Arnold ◽  
A. Martin De P. Nicholas ◽  
Miles S. Snow
Keyword(s):  
Hyperfine Coupling ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Esr Spectra ◽  
Charge Effects ◽  
Benzyl Radical ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Benzyl Radicals ◽  
Spin Delocalization ◽  
The Relationship

The electron spin resonance (esr) spectra of eighteen para-substituted cumyl radicals were analyzed. The relationship between the β-hyperfine coupling (β-hfc) constants of these cumyl radicals and the corresponding α-hfc constants of benzyl radicals was studied. Although there is a general trend for the α- and β-hfc values to vary in a similar manner, specific deviations from a linear correlation between these parameters were observed. These deviations were rationalized by considering charge effects on spin delcoalization. The correlation coefficient for the linear regression analysis of these α- and β-hfc values was found to significantly improve when β arameters reflecting charge effects on spin delocalization were included in an extended Hammett treatment of the spectral data.

scholarly journals Biophysical Interface of Anti-Matter for Virtual Living in Real World: A Reality in Chemical Converted in Parallel Worlds

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2646-2659
Keyword(s):  
Proton Transfer ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Quantum Tunneling ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Critical Phenomenon ◽  
Tunneling Effect ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Relationship

We are going to discuss biology and the biophysical phenomenon of the anti-matters, both experimentally and theoretically or philosophically. Anti-matter is used to treat cancer and thymine dimer problems due to UV radiation. Positrons are beamed through tissue at such velocity that they do not annihilate until they encounter cancer cells. Formed gamma rays damage the cancer tissue. Nowadays, anti-matter is used in positron emission tomography (PET). In evolutionary biology, where we see evidence that consciousness has emerged in at least humans, lifeforms can self-organize to exhibit collective emergent super-consciousness. In this work, we are looking at an ontological explanation of the relationship between the results obtained with the Ecology. The proton transfer mechanism is a critical phenomenon that is related to the acid-base characteristics of the nucleobases in Watson–Crick base pairs. They exhibited a strong probability for protons to change place within the hydrogen bond due to quantum tunneling, which will alter the genetic code and cause mutations. These mutations could be the cause of several diseases such as cancer. Probably, the quantum tunneling effect (such as proton transfer) appears in micro parallel worlds.

Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Recombination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

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