Application of an Empirical Correction to the Donnan Effect in the Estimation of Molecular Weights of Proteins by Osmotic Pressure Measurements

1935 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 983-996
Author(s):  
David R. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Empirical Correction ◽  
Donnan Effect

The Structure of Neoprene. I. The Molecular-Weight Distribution of Neoprene Type GN

1949 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 680-689
Author(s):  
W. E. Mochel ◽  
J. B. Nichols ◽  
C. J. Mighton
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Molecular Weight Distribution ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Distribution Curve ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Polychloroprene rubber (Neoprene Type GN) was fractionated by partial precipitation from dilute solution in benzene and the fractions were examined both osmotically and viscometrically in benzene solutions. The molecular-weight distribution curve for Neoprene Type GN based on osmotic pressure measurements shows a pronounced maximum at 100,000, but has a long extension to molecular weights of over one million, indicating the presence of branched or cross-linked material which is still soluble. The uniformity is somewhat less than that of sol natural rubber, while in shape the Neoprene distribution curve resembles more closely that of peptized natural rubber than fresh sol rubber. Observed variations in the slopes of the π/c vs. c and the ηsp/c vs. c curves also indicate the presence in solution of complex, branched and (or) cross-linked molecules. Calibration of the intrinsic viscosity-molecular weight relationship by osmotic pressure measurements gave good agreement with the equation: [η]=KMa, where K=1.46×10−4 and a=0.73.

COPOLYMERS OF STYRENE AND CHLORANIL

1950 ◽  
Vol 28b (8) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Breitenbach ◽  
A. J. Renner
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Benzoyl Peroxide ◽  
Hydrogen Bromide ◽  
Chlorine Content ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Molecular Weights

The copolymerization of styrene and chloranil in the presence of benzoyl peroxide is described. The molecular weights of the copolymers were determined by osmotic pressure measurements and found to be between 9,000 and 30,000 for the different fractions; their chlorine content is between 37 and 38.2%. The copolymerization occurs with the carbonyl groups of the chloranil, transforming it into a derivative of tetrachlorohydroquinone. This reaction has been verified by degradation of the copolymers with hydrogen bromide.

ALUMINUM SOAPS AS HIGH POLYMERS

1948 ◽  
Vol 26b (6) ◽  
pp. 481-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sheffer
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
High Polymers

Viscosity and osmotic pressure measurements were carried out on dilute benzene solutions of aluminum dicaprylate, dilaurate, dimyristate, dipalmitate, distearate, and monostearate. From the results it is concluded that these soaps are polymers of high molecular weight formed by weak intermolecular links which are assumed to be hydrogen bonds. Lowering of the molecular weight by dissociation of these bonds is responsible for decreases in solution viscosities. Variations of the molecular weights obtained (60,000 to 900,000) are due, in the main, to the effect of concentration and aging on the extent of this dissociation.

scholarly journals OSMOTIC PRESSURE STUDY OF PROTEIN FRACTIONS IN NORMAL AND IN NEPHROTIC SUBJECTS

1939 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaques Bourdillon
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Normal Albumin

In serum of patients with nephrosis both albumin and globulin showed by osmotic pressure nearly double the molecular weights of normal albumin and globulin. In the urines of such patients, on the other hand, both proteins showed molecular weights lower even than in normal serum. The colloidal osmotic pressures were measured by the author's method at such dilutions that the van't Hoff law relating pressures to molecular concentrations could be directly applied. For the albumin and globulin of normal serum the molecular weights found were 72,000 and 164,000 respectively, in agreement with the weights obtained by other methods.

Counter-ion activity and microstructure in polyelectrolyte complexes as determined by osmotic pressure measurements

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (26) ◽  
pp. 3141-3146 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Carrière ◽  
Monique Dubois ◽  
Monika Schönhoff ◽  
Thomas Zemb ◽  
Helmut Möhwald
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Counter Ion ◽  
Ion Activity
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