Crystal growth of calcium carbonate. A controlled composition kinetic study

1982 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. Kazmierczak ◽  
M. B. Tomson ◽  
G. H. Nancollas
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Kinetic Study

Functional analyses of chitinolytic enzymes in the formation of calcite prisms inPinctada fucata

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kintsu ◽  
Alberto Pérez-Huerta ◽  
Shigeru Ohtsuka ◽  
Taiga Okumura ◽  
Shinsuke Ifuku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Pinctada Fucata ◽  
Prismatic Layer ◽  
Chitinolytic Enzymes ◽  
Organic Matrices

Abstract Background: The mollusk shells present distinctive microstructures that are formed by small amounts of organic matrices controlling the crystal growth of calcium carbonate. These microstructures show superior mechanical properties such as strength or flexibility. The shell of Pinctada fucata has the prismatic layer consisting of prisms of single calcite crystals. These crystals contain small-angle grain boundaries caused by a dense intracrystalline organic matrix network to improve mechanical strength. Previously, we identified chitin and chitinolytic enzymes as components of this intracrystalline organic matrix. In this study, we analyzed the function of those organic matrices in calcium carbonate crystallization by in vitro and in vivo experiments.Results: We analyzed calcites synthesized in chitin gel with or without chitinolytic enzymes by using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). TEM observations showed that grain boundary was more induced as concentration of chitinolytic enzymes increased and thus, chitin became thinner. In an optimal concentration of chitinolytic enzymes, small-angle grain boundaries were observed. APT analysis showed that ion clusters derived from chitin were detected. In order to clarify the importance of chitinolytic enzymes on the formation of the prismatic layer in vivo , we performed the experiment in which chitinase inhibitor was injected into a living Pinctada fucata and then analyzed the change of mechanical properties of the prismatic layer. The hardness and elastic modulus increased after injection of chitinase inhibitor. Electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) mapping data showed that the spread of crystal orientations in whole single crystal also increased by the effect of inhibitor injections.Conclusion: Our results suggested that chitinolytic enzymes may function cooperatively with chitin to regulate the crystal growth and mechanical properties of the prismatic layer, and chitinolytic enzymes are essential for the formation of the normal prismatic layer of P. fucata.

scholarly journals Crystal growth in dentinal tubules with bio-calcium carbonate-silica sourced from equisetum grass

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 1835-1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Hueng Chang ◽  
Chun-Liang Yeh ◽  
Yin-Lin Wang ◽  
Guan-Wen Liu ◽  
Hong-Ping Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Dentinal Tubules

The effect of leucine on the crystal growth of calcium carbonate

2004 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Malkaj ◽  
J. Kanakis ◽  
E. Dalas
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Calcium Carbonate
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