Solubility of Hydrogen Sulfide in Aqueous Solutions of the Single Salts Sodium Sulfate, Ammonium Sulfate, Sodium Chloride, and Ammonium Chloride at Temperatures from 313 to 393 K and Total Pressures up to 10 MPa

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1064-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Xia ◽  
Álvaro Pérez-Salado Kamps ◽  
Bernd Rumpf ◽  
Gerd Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Sulfate

NaCl Brine Preparation from Distiller Waste and Na2SO4

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 897-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Min Shen ◽  
Tian Gui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Solvay Process ◽  
Final Composition ◽  
Reaction Result ◽  
Soda Ash

The purpose of this study is to address the problem of discharge of distiller waste from Solvay process, and at the same time, to realize the production of soda ash from Glauber’s salt — natural ores containing sodium sulfate, or industrial byproduct sodium sulfate. Half-saturated and near-saturated brines were prepared by reacting simulated distiller wastes — aqueous solutions containing calcium chloride and sodium chloride, with sodium sulfate. Experimental results show that the dissolution of sodium sulfate controls the reaction rate and the final composition of the brines. Temperature plays a key role in promoting the dissolution of sodium sulfate therefore to the reaction result, especially to the preparation of near-saturated brine. With equivalent sodium sulfate, more than 90 percent of the Ca2+can be deleted. The precipitate (gypsum or anhydrite) can be used to produce cement or other construction materials.

scholarly journals Modeling of the Refractive Index for the Systems MX+H2O, M2X+H2O, H3BO3+MX+H2O, and H3BO3+M2X+H2O. M = K+, Na+, or Li+ and X = Cl− or SO42−

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Wilson Alavia ◽  
Ismael Soto ◽  
Jorge A. Lovera
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Lithium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Molar Refraction ◽  
Lithium Sulfate

The modeling of the refractive index for binary aqueous solutions of boric acid, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, lithium sulfate, and potassium sulfate, as well as ternary aqueous solutions of boric acid in the presence of sodium sulfate, lithium sulfate, or potassium chloride, is reported. The refraction index was represented by molar refraction. It was described as the sum of solutes’ partial molar refraction and solvent molar refraction. The solutes’ partial molar refraction was estimated from the molar refraction of the binary solutions. The excess molar refraction for these systems was described with the equation of Wang et al. The polarizability of the solutes present in the studied systems was estimated using the Lorenz–Lorenz relation. The results showed the model is appropriate for describing the systems studied; the interactions of boric acid, sodium, potassium, lithium, chloride, and sulfate ions with water molecules are relevant to explain the molar refraction and refractive index, and those for the binary systems of lithium chloride and sodium chloride are also relevant the ion–ion interactions. The model is robust and presents estimation capabilities within and beyond the concentrations and temperature range studied. Therefore, the outcomes represent valuable information to understand and follow the industrial processing of natural brines.

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