Best Achievable Isomerization Reaction Conversion in a Membrane Reactor

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 3551-3560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Ziaka ◽  
Vasilios Manousiouthakis
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Isomerization Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conversion

scholarly journals Hydrogen and Oxygen Production via Water Splitting in a Solar-Powered Membrane Reactor—A Conceptual Study

Hydrogen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Silvano Tosti ◽  
Alfonso Pozio ◽  
Luca Farina ◽  
Alessia Santucci
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
A Value ◽  
Reaction Conversion ◽  
Water Feed ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Conceptual Study

Among the processes for producing hydrogen and oxygen from water via the use of solar energy, water splitting has the advantage of being carried out in onestep. According to thermodynamics, this process exhibits conversions of practical interest at very high temperatures and needs efficient separation systems in order to separate the reaction products, hydrogen and oxygen. In this conceptual work, the behavior of a membrane reactor that uses two membranes perm-selective to hydrogen and oxygen is investigated in the temperature range 2000–2500 °C of interest for coupling this device with solar receivers. The effect of the reaction pressure has been evaluated at 0.5 and 1 bar while the permeate pressure has been fixed at 100 Pa. As a first result, the use of the membrane perm-selective to oxygen in addition to the hydrogen one has improved significantly the reaction conversion that, for instance, at 0.5 bar and 2000 °C, moves from 9.8% up to 18.8%. Based on these critical data, a preliminary design of a membrane reactor consisting of a Ta tubular membrane separating the hydrogen and a hafnia camera separating the oxygen is presented: optimaloperating temperature of the reactor results in being around 2500 °C, a value making impracticable its coupling with solar receivers even in view of an optimistic development of this technology. The study has verified that at 2000 °C with a water feed flow rate of 1000 kg h−1 about 200 and 100 m3 h−1 of hydrogen and oxygen are produced. In this case, a surface of the hafnia membrane of the order of hundreds m2 is required: the design of such a membrane device may be feasible when considering special reactor configurations.

scholarly journals SIMULTANEOUS METHYL ESTER PRODUCTION AND CAROTENE RECOVERY FROM CRUDE PALM OIL USING MEMBRANE REACTOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Bagus Ngurah Makertihartha ◽  
Khoiruddin Khoiruddin ◽  
Eryk Bone Pratama Nabu ◽  
Putu Teta Prihartini Aryanti ◽  
I Gede Wenten
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Reaction Conversion ◽  
Biodiesel Quality ◽  
Separation Performances ◽  
Treatment Step

Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) or biodiesel¸ which is considered as an alternative renewable fuel is usually produced via transesterification reaction of triglyceride from vegetable oil. Generally, there are two major challenges in the production of biodiesel i.e., reversible reaction of transesterification and immiscibility between oil and alcohol. Membrane reactor (MR), which combines reaction and separation, is an alternative process to overcome those challenges. The aim of the integrated reaction-separation process is to shift the equilibrium reaction, and to achieve a higher reaction conversion. The methyl ester that is produced may be separated to meet the biodiesel quality standards. FAME purification using membrane can be conducted without water washing (dry process), and this is interesting as the associated wastewater treatment step is eliminated. Another attractive feature of MR in esterification process is carotenoid recovery which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the process. Several studies have indicated the efficacy of carotenoids recovery from methyl ester mixture. This paper reviews the use of MR for palm oil esterification. Membrane separation performances in methyl ester purification are also discussed. In addition, the potential of carotene recovery during esterification process is highlighted. 

scholarly journals Hydrogenation of Maltose in Catalytic Membrane Reactor for Maltitol Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 08008 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.G.B.N. Makertihartha ◽  
Khoiruddin ◽  
Ahmad N. Hakim ◽  
P.T.P. Aryanti ◽  
I.G. Wenten
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Catalytic Membrane ◽  
Catalytic Membrane Reactor ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Reaction Conversion ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Sugar Replacement

Maltitol is one of the low-calorie sweeteners which has a major role in food industries. Due to its characteristics of comparable sweetness level to sucrose, maltitol can be a suitable sugar replacement. In this work, catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) was examined in maltitol production through hydrogenation of maltose. Commercial ceramic membrane impregnated with Kalcat 8030 Nickel was used as the CMR. The reaction was conducted at a batch mode operation, 95 to 110°C of temperature, and 5 to 8 bar of pressure. In the range of working conditions used in this study, up to 47% conversion was achieved. The reaction conversion was significantly affected by temperature and pressure. Results of this preliminary study indicated that CMR can be used for hydrogenation of maltose with good performance under a relatively low operating pressure.

scholarly journals Applicability of Membrane Reactor For Producing Environment Friendly Fuel Additive Glycerol Carbonate

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Catalytic Membrane ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Catalytic Membranes ◽  
Waste Glycerol ◽  
Reaction Conversion ◽  
Chitosan Biopolymer

<p>Production of glycerol carbonate (GLC) that is a fuel additive from green solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and biodiesel by-product glycerin is environmentally friendly synthesis. The usage of waste glycerol from biodiesel plant makes the production cost lower. When the membrane aided technique is used for the production of GLC, this technique will be very promising technique. Because membrane applications are environment and energy friendly economical applications. The production with membrane aided can be made by catalytic membrane. In this study, catalytic membranes were developed from synthetic and natural materials to produce GLC by transesterification reaction between glycerol and DMC. The reaction gives methanol as byproduct. The catalytic membranes were used methanol retentive material for increasing the reaction conversion of glycerol to glycerol carbonate. The synthetic catalytic membrane materials were poly(vinylalcohol)(PVA), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), Poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) polymers and CaO. The natural catalytic membrane material was chitosan biopolymer and waste eggshell. The properties of by-product methanol retentive of the polymeric membranes were determined from sorption tests. The tests were shown that the catalytic membranes would sorp by-product methanol during reaction. This pointed out that GLC synthesis can be made by membrane aided technique such as membrane reactor.</p>

PEMBUATAN SURFAKTAN DARI ASAM OLEAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Puguh Setyopratomo ◽  
Edy Purwanto ◽  
H. Yefrico ◽  
H. Yefrico
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Reaction Conversion ◽  
Glycerol Mono

The synthesis of glycerol mono oleic from oleic acid and glycerol is classified as an esterification reaction. This research is aimed to study the influent of reaction temperature and catalyst concentration on reaction conversion. During the experiment the temperature of reaction mixture was varied as 110 oC, 130 oC, and 150 oC, while the catalyst concentration of 1%, 3 %, and 5% was used. The batch experiment was conducted in a glass reactor equipped with termometer, agitator, and reflux condensor. The oleic acid – glycerol mol ratio of 1 : 2 was used as a mixture feed. To maintain the reaction temperature at certain level, the oil bath was used. After the temperature of reaction mixture was reached the expected value, then H2SO4 catalyst was added to the reactor.  To measure the extent of the reaction, every 30 minutes the sample was drawn out from the reactor vessel. The sample analysis include acid number, density, and viscosity measurement. From this research the optimum condition which is the temperature of reaction of 150 oC and 1% catalyst concentration was obtained. At this optimum condition the convertion reach 86% and the analysis of other physical properties of the product show the acid number of 24.12, the density of 0.922 g/cc, and the viscosity of 118.4 cp.

scholarly journals Initial testing of an inside-out type palladium membrane reactor for recovery of hydrogen from hydrocarbons or water

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 112641
Author(s):  
R.F. Knights ◽  
J. Benayas ◽  
K. Sabin ◽  
S. Ng ◽  
A. Wohlers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Initial Testing ◽  
Palladium Membrane ◽  
Inside Out
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