Properties of an Ethanol−Diethyl Ether−Water Fuel Mixture for Cold-Start Assistance of an Ethanol-Fueled Vehicle

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 3366-3374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Kito-Borsa ◽  
Debra A. Pacas ◽  
Sami Selim ◽  
Scott W. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Fuel Mixture

Cold-Start Emissions of an SI Engine Using Butanol/Gasoline Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 977 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Mei Yu Shi ◽  
Rong Fu Zhu ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Yuan Tao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Si Engine

The influence of butanol/gasoline blends at low temperature for-7°C, on cold-start emissions of a spark-ignition engine was tested. In cold-start period of the engine, the efficiency of the engine was expected to be poor, and the air/fuel mixture would be leaner for the more butanol added. The experimental results showed that the engine could be stable with B10 and B30 in cold-start, and HC and CO emissions reduced more significantly with more butanol added.

Cold start idle emissions from a modern Tier-4 turbo-charged diesel engine fueled with diesel-biodiesel, diesel-biodiesel-ethanol, and diesel-biodiesel-diethyl ether blends

2016 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 52-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murari Mohon Roy ◽  
Jorge Calder ◽  
Wilson Wang ◽  
Arvind Mangad ◽  
Fernando Cezar Mariano Diniz
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Cold Start

scholarly journals Elevated pressure low-temperature oxidation of linear five-heavy-atom fuels: diethyl ether, n-pentane, and their mixture

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 1269-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc-Sy Tran ◽  
Yuyang Li ◽  
Meirong Zeng ◽  
Julia Pieper ◽  
Fei Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Oxidation Behavior ◽  
Heavy Atom ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Chemistry

AbstractDiethyl ether (DEE) has been proposed as a biofuel additive for compression-ignition engines, as an ignition improver for homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines, and as a suitable component for dual-fuel mixtures in reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engines. The combustion in these engines is significantly controlled by low-temperature (LT) chemistry. Fundamental studies of DEE LT oxidation chemistry and of its influence in fuel-mixture oxidation are thus highly important, especially at elevated pressures. Elevated pressure speciation data were measured for the LT oxidation of DEE, of its similarly-structured linear five-heavy-atom hydrocarbon fuel (n-pentane), and of a mixture of the two fuels in a jet-stirred reactor (JSR) in the temperature range of 400–1100 K and at various pressures up to 10 bar. The pressure influence on the LT oxidation chemistry of DEE was investigated by a comparison of the measured profiles of oxidation products. The results for DEE and n-pentane were then inspected with regard to fuel structure influences on the LT oxidation behavior. The new speciation data were used to test recent kinetic models for these fuels [Tran et al., Proc. Combust. Inst. 37 (2019) 511 and Bugler et al., Proc. Combust. Inst. 36 (2017) 441]. The models predict the major features of the LT chemistry of these fuels well and could thus subsequently assist in the data interpretation. Finally, the LT oxidation behavior of an equimolar mixture of the two fuels was explored. The interaction between the two fuels and the effects of the pressure on the fuel mixture oxidation were examined. In addition to reactions within the combined model for the two fuels, about 80 cross-reactions between primary reactive species generated from these two fuel molecules were added to explore their potential influences.

scholarly journals Computational investigations on port injected DEE in a biogas inducted HCCI engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Karthick Jairam ◽  
Feroskhan Mohammed Musthafa ◽  
Kishorre Annanth Vijayan ◽  
Manimaran Renganathan
Keyword(s):  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Independent Study ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Injection Mode

Owing to global climate change and atmospheric pollution, several automobile manufacturing companies look for homogeneously charged engines to satisfy strict emission levels. In the present work, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) investigations have been carried out to showcase the homogeneity of air-fuel mixture formation by port fuel injection and manifold fuel injection of a Biogas-Diethyl Ether (DEE) homogeneous charge compression engine (HCCI). The distributions of equivalence ratio based on fuel and the total air-fuel mixture is formulated and found to be in close agreement with the literature. Earlier investigations have shown that the use of biogas as a single fuel causes lower power output compared to other alternative fuels. Hence the present study is planned to use biogas with DEE as an ignition improver via fuel injection systems to find the best suitable fuel injection system. In the mesh independent study, port injection mode is found to perform better against the manifold injection mode when compared with the homogeneity factor. Iso-volumes of excess-air ratio based on biogas, diethyl ether and other variables such as the density, turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent dissipation rate of air-fuel mixture influencing the homogeneity and equivalence ratio are studied for better in-cylinder distribution under the port injection mode.

RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF OESTRONE AND OESTRADIOL IN THE PERIPHERAL PLASMA OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL IN VARIOUS PHYSIOLOGICAL STATES AND OF HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED AND OVARIECTOMIZED FOWLS

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Senior
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Chicken Ovary

ABSTRACT A radioimmunoassay was developed to measure the levels of oestrone and oestradiol in 0.5–1.0 ml of domestic fowl peripheral plasma. The oestrogens were extracted with diethyl ether, chromatographed on columns of Sephadex LH-20 and assayed with an antiserum prepared against oestradiol-17β-succinyl-bovine serum albumin using a 17 h incubation at 4°C. The specificity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy of the assays were satisfactory. Oestrogen concentrations were determined in the plasma of birds in various reproductive states. In laying hens the ranges of oestrone and oestradiol were 12–190 pg/ml and 29–327 pg/ml respectively. Levels in immature birds, in adult cockerels and in an ovariectomized hen were barely detectable. The mean concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol in the plasma of four non-laying hens (55 pg/ml and 72 pg/ml respectively) and one partially ovariectomized hen (71 pg/ml and 134 pg/ml respectively) were well within the range for laying hens. It is evident that the large, yolk-filled follicles are not the only source of oestrogens in the chicken ovary.

Effect of Chemical Hythane Composition on Pressure in Combustion Chamber of Engine

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
A. P. Shaikin ◽  
I. R. Galiev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Scientific Papers

The article analyzes the influence of chemical composition of hythane (a mixture of natural gas with hydrogen) on pressure in an engine combustion chamber. A review of the literature has showed the relevance of using hythane in transport energy industry, and also revealed a number of scientific papers devoted to studying the effect of hythane on environmental and traction-dynamic characteristics of the engine. We have studied a single-cylinder spark-ignited internal combustion engine. In the experiments, the varying factors are: engine speed (600 and 900 min-1), excess air ratio and hydrogen concentration in natural gas which are 29, 47 and 58% (volume).The article shows that at idling engine speed maximum pressure in combustion chamber depends on excess air ratio and proportion hydrogen in the air-fuel mixture – the poorer air-fuel mixture and greater addition of hydrogen is, the more intense pressure increases. The positive effect of hydrogen on pressure is explained by the fact that addition of hydrogen contributes to increase in heat of combustion fuel and rate propagation of the flame. As a result, during combustion, more heat is released, and the fuel itself burns in a smaller volume. Thus, the addition of hydrogen can ensure stable combustion of a lean air-fuel mixture without loss of engine power. Moreover, the article shows that, despite the change in engine speed, addition of hydrogen, excess air ratio, type of fuel (natural gas and gasoline), there is a power-law dependence of the maximum pressure in engine cylinder on combustion chamber volume. Processing and analysis of the results of the foreign and domestic researchers have showed that patterns we discovered are applicable to engines of different designs, operating at different speeds and using different hydrocarbon fuels. The results research presented allow us to reduce the time and material costs when creating new power plants using hythane and meeting modern requirements for power, economy and toxicity.

EVALUATING AND TESTING BIOFUELS TO MEET COLD START AND ALTITUDE RELIGHT REQUIREMENTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-337
Author(s):  
Joel Jean ◽  
Alain Fossi ◽  
Alain deChamplain ◽  
Bernard Paquet
Keyword(s):  
Cold Start
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