One-Step Melt Extrusion Process for Preparing Polyolefin/Clay Nanocomposites Using Natural Montmorillonite

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (23) ◽  
pp. 11896-11905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Ports ◽  
R. A. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
One Step

Nanostructural characterization of poly (vinylidene fluoride)-clay nanocomposites prepared by a one-step reactive extrusion process

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma-Zohra Benabid ◽  
Lixia Rong ◽  
Djafer Benachour ◽  
M. Esperanza Cagiao ◽  
Marc Ponçot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Reactive Extrusion ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
One Step

Abstract Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-untreated clay nanocomposites were successfully prepared using an innovative one-step reactive melt extrusion process. Through specific temperature and shear conditions, the chemical reactions took place between the polymer matrix, the inorganic clay particles, and three main reactive agents: an organic peroxide, sulfur, and a specific activator led finally to the PVDF-clay nanocomposites. The materials were formulated with various amounts of clay in order to identify the best conditions, enabling to obtain the optimal particle exfoliation in the polymer matrix at the nanometric scale. The microstructure and nanostructure modifications were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS and SAXS). The relationship between nanostructure and mechanical behavior was investigated by tensile experiments, impact tests, and microhardness measurements. The FTIR results suggest that there is a chemical interaction between the clay and the polymer. Furthermore, the WAXS study shows that no intercalation step takes place in any composition. In addition to this, the sample with 2.5 wt.% clay could present a total exfoliation of the clay particles. The PVDF matrix is found to be exclusively of the α-form in all compositions. The final microhardness slightly increases with both nanoclay content and degree of crystallinity.

Novel Multi-Layer Melt Blown Microfiber Webs

2001 ◽  
Vol 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene G. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Naval Research Laboratory ◽  
Naval Research ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Melt Blowing ◽  
Ultrafine Fibers ◽  
One Step

Melt blowing is a melt extrusion process that allows us to start with a material in resin form and obtain a final web product in one step. The fine fibers that are characteristic of this process are in the 0.1 to 15 micron range in diameter. This process was first described in the literature by Wente of the Naval Research Laboratory in 1956 [1] and the purpose of the work was to investigate the feasibility of making ultrafine fibers for evaluation as a filtermedia. Since then melt blowing has been one of the fastest growing technologies in the non-wovens area as evidenced by the numerous articles in the literature and the number of issued patents. For example, an article by McCulloch and Graham [2] illustrated the diverse use of melt blown webs which are also referred to as Blown Micro Fiber(BMF) webs.

The Effect of the Compounding Procedure on the Morphology and Mechanical Properties of PLA/PBAT-Based Nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
P. Saiprasit ◽  
A. K. Schlarb
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
One Step ◽  
Thermodynamic Driving Force

Abstract Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)-based nanocomposites filled with 1 vol.% silicon dioxide nanoparticles (nano-SiO2) were prepared using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder and injection molding. The nanocomposites with various blending sequences were investigated using PLA-based and PBAT-based nanocomposite masterbatches. Morphology of the PLA/PBAT/SiO2 nanocomposites was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a focused ion beam (FIB) SEM. It is found that the nano-SiO2 locates in the original polymer phase, in which it is firstly incorporated in the masterbatch process, as well as at the interface between the two polymers. However, as the residence time in the extrusion process increases, the nanoparticles migrate from the original phase to the interface, governed by the thermodynamic driving force. The best optimization of mechanical properties is achieved by using the PBAT-based masterbatches with a one-step process or short residence time. The processing history, therefore, has a tremendous impact on the final properties of the resulting materials.

scholarly journals Development of Porous Polyurethane Implants Manufactured via Hot-Melt Extrusion

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2950
Author(s):  
Ioannis Koutsamanis ◽  
Martin Spoerk ◽  
Florian Arbeiter ◽  
Simone Eder ◽  
Eva Roblegg
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Hot Melt Extrusion ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Controlled Delivery ◽  
Application Site ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Porous Carrier ◽  
Good Patient Compliance ◽  
Hot Melt

Implantable drug delivery systems (IDDSs) offer good patient compliance and allow the controlled delivery of drugs over prolonged times. However, their application is limited due to the scarce material selection and the limited technological possibilities to achieve extended drug release. Porous structures are an alternative strategy that can overcome these shortcomings. The present work focuses on the development of porous IDDS based on hydrophilic (HPL) and hydrophobic (HPB) polyurethanes and chemical pore formers (PFs) manufactured by hot-melt extrusion. Different PF types and concentrations were investigated to gain a sound understanding in terms of extrudate density, porosity, compressive behavior, pore morphology and liquid uptake. Based on the rheological analyses, a stable extrusion process guaranteed porosities of up to 40% using NaHCO3 as PF. The average pore diameter was between 140 and 600 µm and was indirectly proportional to the concentration of PF. The liquid uptake of HPB was determined by the open pores, while for HPL both open and closed pores influenced the uptake. In summary, through the rational selection of the polymer type, the PF type and concentration, porous carrier systems can be produced continuously via extrusion, whose properties can be adapted to the respective application site.

scholarly journals Scalable High Refractive Index polystyrene-sulfur nanocomposites via in situ inverse vulcanization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay S. Wadi ◽  
Kishore K. Jena ◽  
Kevin Halique ◽  
Brigita Rožič ◽  
Luka Cmok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Melt Processing ◽  
Process Formation ◽  
Polystyrene Matrix ◽  
One Step ◽  
Extrusion Method

Abstract In this work, we demostrate the preparation of low cost High Refractive Index polystyrene-sulfur nanocomposites in one step by combining inverse vulcanization and melt extrusion method. Poly(sulfur-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene) (PS-SD) copolymer nanoparticles (5 to 10 wt%) were generated in the polystyrene matrix via in situ inverse vulcanization reaction during extrusion process. Formation of SD copolymer was confirmed by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. SEM and TEM further confirms the presence of homogeneously dispersed SD nanoparticles in the size range of 5 nm. Thermal and mechanical properties of these nanocomposites are comparable with the pristine polystyrene. The transparent nanocomposites exhibits High Refractive Index n = 1.673 at 402.9 nm and Abbe’y number ~ 30 at 10 wt% of sulfur loading. The nanocomposites can be easily processed into mold, films and thin films by melt processing as well as solution casting techniques. Moreover, this one step preparation method is scalable and can be extend to the other polymers.

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