13C NMR Studies on the Dissolution Mechanisms of Carbon Dioxide in Amine-Containing Aqueous Solvents at High Pressures toward an Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle−Carbon Capture and Storage Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1222-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kin-ya Tomizaki ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kanakubo ◽  
Hiroshi Nanjo ◽  
Shinkichi Shimizu ◽  
Masami Onoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Storage Process ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Phase Equilibria for Carbon Capture and Storage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catinca Secuianu ◽  
Sergiu Sima
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
And Storage

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an important material in many industries but is also representing more than 80% of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Anthropogenic carbon dioxide accumulates in the atmosphere through burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) in power plants and energy production facilities, and solid waste, trees, and other biological materials. It is also the result of certain chemical reactions in different industry (e.g., cement and steel industries). Carbon capture and storage (CCS), among other options, is an essential technology for the cost-effective mitigation of anthropogenic CO2 emissions and could contribute approximately 20% to CO2 emission reductions by 2050, as recommended by International Energy Agency (IEA). Although CCS has enormous potential in numerous industries and petroleum refineries due their large CO2 emissions, a significant impediment to its utilization on a large scale remains both operating and capital costs. It is possible to reduce the costs of CCS for the cases where industrial processes generate pure or rich CO2 gas streams, but they are still an obstacle to its implementation. Therefore, significant interest was dedicated to the development of improved sorbents with increased CO2 capacity and/or reduced heat of regeneration. However, recent results show that phase equilibria, transport properties (e.g., viscosity, diffusion coefficients, etc.) and other thermophysical properties (e.g., heat capacity, density, etc.) could have a significant effect on the price of the carbon. In this context, we focused our research on the phase behavior of physical solvents for carbon dioxide capture. We studied the phase behavior of carbon dioxide and different classes of organic substances, to illustrate the functional group effect on the solvent ability to dissolve CO2. In this chapter, we explain the role of phase equilibria in carbon capture and storage. We describe an experimental setup to measure phase equilibria at high-pressures and working procedures for both phase equilibria and critical points. As experiments are usually expensive and very time consuming, we present briefly basic modeling of phase behavior using cubic equations of state. Phase diagrams for binary systems at high-pressures and their construction are explained. Several examples of phase behavior of carbon dioxide + different classes of organic substances binary systems at high-pressures with potential role in CCS are shown. Predictions of the global phase diagrams with different models are compared with experimental literature data.

Study on Dispersion of Carbon Dioxide over the Shrubbery Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Huiru ◽  
You Zhanping ◽  
Mo Fan ◽  
Liu Bin ◽  
Han Peng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Dispersion Pattern ◽  
Buried Pipeline ◽  
Dynamic Impact ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Terrain Features

In the carbon capture and storage (CCS) infrastructure, the risk of a high-pressure buried pipeline rupture possibly leads to catastrophic accidents due to the release of tremendous amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of CO2 dispersion pattern after release from CCS facilities is essential to allow the appropriate safety precautions to be taken. Due to variations in topography above the pipeline, the pattern of CO2 dispersion tends to be affected by the real terrain features, such as trees and hills. However, in most previous studies, the dynamic impact of trees on the wind field was often approximated to linear treatment or even ignored. In this article, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was proposed to predict CO2 dispersion over shrubbery areas. The shrubs were regarded as a kind of porous media, and the model was validated against the results from experiment. It was found that shrubbery affected the flow field near the ground, enhancing the lateral dispersion of CO2. Compared with that of the shrub-free terrain, the coverage area of the three shrub terrains at 60 s increased by 8.1 times, 6.7 times, and 9.1 times, respectively. The influence of shrub height and porosity on CO2 dispersion is nonlinear. This research provides reliable data for the risk assessment of CCS.

Densities of the carbon dioxide+hydrogen, a system of relevance to carbon capture and storage

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Sanchez-Vicente ◽  
Trevor C. Drage ◽  
Martyn Poliakoff ◽  
Jie Ke ◽  
Michael W. George
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Field-Based Stable Isotope Analysis of Carbon Dioxide by Mid-Infrared Laser Spectroscopy for Carbon Capture and Storage Monitoring

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (24) ◽  
pp. 12191-12198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert van Geldern ◽  
Martin E. Nowak ◽  
Martin Zimmer ◽  
Alexandra Szizybalski ◽  
Anssi Myrttinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Laser Spectroscopy ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Infrared Laser Spectroscopy ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Harnessing Escherichia coli for bio-based production of formate under pressurized H 2 and CO 2 gases.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Roger ◽  
Thomas C. P. Reed ◽  
Frank Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Anaerobic Growth ◽  
Formate Hydrogenlyase ◽  
And Storage

Escherichia coli is gram-negative bacterium that is a workhorse for biotechnology. The organism naturally performs a mixed-acid fermentation under anaerobic conditions where it synthesises formate hydrogenlyase (FHL-1). The physiological role of the enzyme is the disproportionation of formate in to H 2 and CO 2 . However, the enzyme has been observed to catalyse hydrogenation of CO 2 given the correct conditions, and so has possibilities in bio-based carbon capture and storage if it can be harnessed as a hydrogen-dependent CO 2 -reductase (HDCR). In this study, an E. coli host strain was engineered for the continuous production of formic acid from H 2 and CO 2 during bacterial growth in a pressurised batch bioreactor. Incorporation of tungsten, in place of molybdenum, in FHL-1 helped to impose a degree of catalytic bias on the enzyme. This work demonstrates that it is possible to couple cell growth to simultaneous, unidirectional formate production from carbon dioxide and develops a process for growth under pressurised gases. IMPORTANCE Greenhouse gas emissions, including waste carbon dioxide, are contributing to global climate change. A basket of solutions is needed to steadily reduce emissions, and one approach is bio-based carbon capture and storage. Here we present out latest work on harnessing a novel biological solution for carbon capture. The Escherichia coli formate hydrogenlyase (FHL-1) was engineered to be constitutively expressed. Anaerobic growth under pressurised H 2 and CO 2 gases was established and aqueous formic acid was produced as a result. Incorporation of tungsten in to the enzyme in place of molybdenum proved useful in poising FHL-1 as a hydrogen-dependent CO 2 reductase (HDCR).

Sequential Combustion in Ansaldo Energia Gas Turbines: The Technology Enabler for CO2-Free, Highly Efficient Power Production Based on Hydrogen

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ciani ◽  
John P. Wood ◽  
Anders Wickström ◽  
Geir J. Rørtveit ◽  
Rosetta Steeneveldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Flexibility ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
And Storage

Abstract Today gas turbines and combined cycle power plants play an important role in power generation and in the light of increasing energy demand, their role is expected to grow alongside renewables. In addition, the volatility of renewables in generating and dispatching power entails a new focus on electricity security. This reinforces the importance of gas turbines in guaranteeing grid reliability by compensating for the intermittency of renewables. In order to achieve the Paris Agreement’s goals, power generation must be decarbonized. This is where hydrogen produced from renewables or with CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) comes into play, allowing totally CO2-free combustion. Hydrogen features the unique capability to store energy for medium to long storage cycles and hence could be used to alleviate seasonal variations of renewable power generation. The importance of hydrogen for future power generation is expected to increase due to several factors: the push for CO2-free energy production is calling for various options, all resulting in the necessity of a broader fuel flexibility, in particular accommodating hydrogen as a future fuel feeding gas turbines and combined cycle power plants. Hydrogen from methane reforming is pursued, with particular interest within energy scenarios linked with carbon capture and storage, while the increased share of renewables requires the storage of energy for which hydrogen is the best candidate. Compared to natural gas the main challenge of hydrogen combustion is its increased reactivity resulting in a decrease of engine performance for conventional premix combustion systems. The sequential combustion technology used within Ansaldo Energia’s GT36 and GT26 gas turbines provides for extra freedom in optimizing the operation concept. This sequential combustion technology enables low emission combustion at high temperatures with particularly high fuel flexibility thanks to the complementarity between its first stage, stabilized by flame propagation and its second (sequential) stage, stabilized by auto-ignition. With this concept, gas turbines are envisaged to be able to provide reliable, dispatchable, CO2-free electric power. In this paper, an overview of hydrogen production (grey, blue, and green hydrogen), transport and storage are presented targeting a CO2-free energy system based on gas turbines. A detailed description of the test infrastructure, handling of highly reactive fuels is given with specific aspects of the large amounts of hydrogen used for the full engine pressure tests. Based on the results discussed at last year’s Turbo Expo (Bothien et al. GT2019-90798), further high pressure test results are reported, demonstrating how sequential combustion with novel operational concepts is able to achieve the lowest emissions, highest fuel and operational flexibility, for very high combustor exit temperatures (H-class) with unprecedented hydrogen contents.

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