Freezing Points of the System Ethylene Glycol–Methanol–Water

1940 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H. Conrad ◽  
E. F. Hill ◽  
E. A. Ballman
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Freezing Points

PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF 2,3-BUTANEDIOL: XII. ANTIFREEZE PROPERTIES OF TERNARY AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS CONTAINING LEVO-2,3-BUTANEDIOL AS A MAJOR COMPONENT

1946 ◽  
Vol 24f (5) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Clendenning ◽  
D. E. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Freezing Points ◽  
Point Depressant ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Considerable Range

Freezing point, viscosity, and boiling point data are presented for aqueous solutions of levo-2,3-butanediol containing methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol as third components. All four ternary systems show freezing points of −50 °C. and lower over a considerable range of compositions. Among the compounds tested as third components, methanol was most effective as a thinning agent and accessory freezing point depressant. The data indicate that 20% methanol–40% butanediol–40% water is suitable for use at temperatures as low as −50 °C.

Solubility and Freezing Points of Disodium Terephthalate in Water–Ethylene Glycol Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirali Rezazadeh ◽  
Kaj Thomsen ◽  
Hariklia N. Gavala ◽  
Ioannis V. Skiadas ◽  
Philip L. Fosbøl
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Freezing Points

PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-3-HEDROXYBUTYRATE)-CO-POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) PRODUCED BY CONTROLLED MICROBIOLOGICAL BIOSYNTHESIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Bonartsev ◽  
Vera Voinova ◽  
Elizaveta Akoulina ◽  
Andrey Dudun ◽  
Irina Zharkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Hydrogenolysis of glucose and fructose in glycol solutions over CuO-MgO-ZrO2 catalyst

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
M.E. Sharanda ◽  
◽  
E.A. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
High Partial Pressure ◽  
Zro2 Catalyst ◽  
Phase Process

Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are important representatives of polyols. On an industrial scale, they are obtained from petrochemical raw materials. Within a decade, significant efforts were made for the producing of polyols from biologically renewable raw materials - carbohydrates. The general trend for carbohydrate hydrogenolysis includes application of liquid-phase process with the use of modified metal-oxide catalysts, at 120-120 ° C and pressure of 3MPa or above. So high pressure is used for the reason to increase hydrogen solubility, and also due to the high partial pressure of low boiling solvents. We supposed that usage of high boiling solvents could allow hydrogenolysis to be performed at the lower pressure. Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are of particular interest as such kind of solvent since they are both the main products of glucose hydrogenolysis. In this work, the process of hydrogenolysis of glucose and fructose over Cu / MgO-ZrO2 catalyst have been studied at temperature range of 160-200 °C and a pressure of 0.1-0.3 MPa in a flow reactor. The solvents were simultaneously the target products of the reaction - ethylene glycol and / or propylene glycol. Gas chromatography and 13C NMR were used for the reaction products identification. It was found that the solubility of glucose in propylene glycol is 21 % by weight, and in ethylene glycol 62% by weight. It was pointed out that the process of hydrogenolysis can take place at a pressure close to atmospheric. Under these conditions, the conversion of hexoses reaches 96-100 %. The reaction products are preferably propylene glycol and ethylene glycol. The total selectivity for C3-2 polyols is 90-94 %, that is higher than in the hydrogenolysis of glucose in aqueous solution.

JET IMPINGEMENT-COOLED MODULE FOR AUTOMOTIVE POWER ELECTRONICS USING WATER-ETHYLENE GLYCOL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Henry ◽  
John F. Maddox ◽  
Sushil Bhavnani ◽  
Roy W. Knight ◽  
James Pool
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Power Electronics ◽  
Jet Impingement
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