Purification of Lactic Acid via Esterification of Lactic Acid Using a Packed Column, Followed by Hydrolysis of Methyl Lactate Using Three Continuously Stirred Tank Reactors (CSTRs) in Series: A Continuous Pilot Plant Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1506-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay P. Kamble ◽  
Prashant P. Barve ◽  
Jyeshtharaj B. Joshi ◽  
Imran Rahman ◽  
Bhaskar D. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Methyl Lactate ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
In Series ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Pilot Plant Study

Graphical solution of equations for stirred-tank reactors in series

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 786
Author(s):  
Pierre Chaignon ◽  
Jean-Pierre Caire ◽  
Patrick Ozil
Keyword(s):  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Graphical Solution ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
Solution Of Equations ◽  
In Series

scholarly journals Explicit Residence Time Distribution of a Generalised Cascade of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors for a Description of Short Recirculation Time (Bypassing)

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Toson ◽  
Pankaj Doshi ◽  
Dalibor Jajcevic
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Time Distribution ◽  
Residence Time Distribution ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
Delayed Impulse ◽  
In Series ◽  
Back Mixing

The tanks-in-series model (TIS) is a popular model to describe the residence time distribution (RTD) of non-ideal continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) with limited back-mixing. In this work, the TIS model was generalised to a cascade of n CSTRs with non-integer non-negative n. The resulting model describes non-ideal back-mixing with n > 1. However, the most interesting feature of the n-CSTR model is the ability to describe short recirculation times (bypassing) with n < 1 without the need of complex reactor networks. The n-CSTR model is the only model that connects the three fundamental RTDs occurring in reactor modelling by variation of a single shape parameter n: The unit impulse at n→0, the exponential RTD of an ideal CSTR at n = 1, and the delayed impulse of an ideal plug flow reactor at n→∞. The n-CSTR model can be used as a stand-alone model or as part of a reactor network. The bypassing material fraction for the regime n < 1 was analysed. Finally, a Fourier analysis of the n-CSTR was performed to predict the ability of a unit operation to filter out upstream fluctuations and to model the response to upstream set point changes.

The use of the kaldnes suspended carrier process in treatment of wastewaters from the forest industry

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Dalentoft ◽  
Peter Thulin
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Combination Process ◽  
In Series ◽  
Suspended Carrier ◽  
Highly Loaded ◽  
Pilot Plant Study

One pilot plant study and two full scale studies have been carried out seeking for the optimal use of the Kaldnes suspended carrier process in treatment of wastewaters from the forest industry. The wastewater used in all three cases came from secondary fiber mills. The studies show that the Kaldnes process as a highly loaded stage (typically 15-25 kg COD/m3·d) in series with an activated sludge stage forms an efficient, stable and competitive combination process both regarding investment and operating costs. This is especially true when treating wastewaters with a composition that makes them unsuited for treatment in an activated sludge process. The flexibility and compactness of the Kaldnes suspended carrier process also makes it an ideal choice for upgrading of existing treatment plants.

Hydrodynamic Characteristics Assessment and Modeling of a Novel Membrane-Aerated Reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 516-517 ◽  
pp. 763-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Chang Wang ◽  
Shuang Lin Dai ◽  
Yun Fei Tang ◽  
Jian Fu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Recirculation Flow ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
In Series ◽  
Circulation Velocity

The research study is aimed at the characterization of the hydrodynamics of a novel membrane-aerated reactor. Hydrodynamics was determined by means of impulse tracer trials in clean reactor and calculating residence time distribution (RTD) curves at different recirculation flow rates and hydraulic retention time. Thus the typical RTD curves were analyzed to calculate the average residence time, the dimensionless variance, the number of stirred tank reactors in series, and the dispersion number.The results showed that the hydraulic characteristics in the membrane-aerated reactor was essentially correlated with circulation rate. With the circulation velocity increasing, the number of stirred tank reactors in series decreased gradually, approaching to 1, while the dispersion number increased up to 0.2. It was concluded that the flow patterns within the membrane-aerated reactor are perfectly mixed under all the conditions tested. A simple correlation between the Reynolds number and the mixing was developed which can be used for design and scale-up purposes.

Pilot Plant Study of Recovery of Lactic Acid from Ethyl Lactate

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant P. Barve ◽  
Imran Rahman ◽  
Bhaskar D. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Ethyl Lactate ◽  
Pilot Plant Study
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