Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Characteristic in High Crop Season and the Applicability of High-Rate Anaerobic Bioreactors for the Treatment of POME

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (22) ◽  
pp. 11732-11740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phaik Eong Poh ◽  
Wei-Jin Yong ◽  
Mei Fong Chong
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Anaerobic Bioreactors ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

scholarly journals Fouling Behavior in a High-Rate Anaerobic Submerged Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Wiparat Chaipetch ◽  
Arisa Jaiyu ◽  
Panitan Jutaporn ◽  
Marc Heran ◽  
Watsa Khongnakorn
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The characteristics of foulant in the cake layer and bulk suspended solids of a 10 L submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) used for treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) were investigated in this study. Three different organic loading rates (OLRs) were applied with prolonged sludge retention time throughout a long operation time (270 days). The organic foulant was characterized by biomass concentration and concentration of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The thicknesses of the cake layer and foulant were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The membrane morphology and inorganic elements were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Roughness of membrane was analyzed by atomic force microscopy. The results showed that the formation and accumulation of protein EPS in the cake layer was the key contributor to most of the fouling. The transmembrane pressure evolution showed that attachment, adsorption, and entrapment of protein EPS occurred in the membrane pores. In addition, the hydrophilic charge of proteins and polysaccharides influenced the adsorption mechanism. The composition of the feed (including hydroxyl group and fatty acid compounds) and microbial metabolic products (protein) significantly affected membrane fouling in the high-rate operation.

Kinetic evaluation of palm oil mill effluent digestion in a high rate up-flow anaerobic sludge fixed film bioreactor

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1038-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A.L. Zinatizadeh ◽  
A.R. Mohamed ◽  
G.D. Najafpour ◽  
M. Hasnain Isa ◽  
H. Nasrollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Kinetic Evaluation ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Fixed Film Bioreactor

High-rate anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent in an upflow anaerobic sludge-fixed film bioreactor

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Najafpour ◽  
A.A.L. Zinatizadeh ◽  
A.R. Mohamed ◽  
M. Hasnain Isa ◽  
H. Nasrollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Fixed Film Bioreactor

Simultaneous treatment of raw palm oil mill effluent and biodegradation of palm fiber in a high-rate CSTR

2015 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maneerat Khemkhao ◽  
Somkiet Techkarnjanaruk ◽  
Chantaraporn Phalakornkule
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

scholarly journals Penyisihan Polutan pada Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Menggunakan Konsorsium Mikroalga-Bakteri dengan Sistem High Rate Algae Reactor (HRAR)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-159
Author(s):  
Shinta Elystia ◽  
Vonny Meidina Rizani ◽  
Sri Rezeki Muria
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Suspension Concentration ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
By Products

Palm oil mills in addition to producing crude palm oil also produce by-products in the form of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). POME contains high amounts of organic ingredients and pollutants. One method that can be applied to treat POME is the High Rate Algae Reactor (HRAR) System. The HRAR system uses microalgae-bacterial consortium that has better performance in removing pollutants in POME and increasing the growth of microorganisms. This research aim by determining the effect of microalgae suspension concentration in the HRAR system towards the removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and total nitrogen. The research was conducted in batch in the HRAR system that equipped with a paddle wheel, by variations of microalgae suspension concentration as 0; 10; 15; 20; and 25 (% v/v). The research was carried out for 7 days and used the sun as a source of light. Based on the research results, 25% of microalgae suspension concentration has the highest microalgae cell density, was 6,34 x 106 cells/mL and showed the best removal efficiency of COD and total nitrogen, were 78.79% and 80.37%.  

Anaerobic treatment of palm oil mill effluent using combined high-rate anaerobic reactors

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Ho Choi ◽  
Chang-Ha Shin ◽  
Sung-Min Son ◽  
Praveen A. Ghorpade ◽  
Jeong-Joo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

scholarly journals Biochemical and phylogenetic characterization of the wastewater tolerant Chlamydomonas biconvexa Embrapa|LBA40 strain cultivated in palm oil mill effluent

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249089
Author(s):  
Patrícia Verdugo Pascoal ◽  
Dágon Manoel Ribeiro ◽  
Carolina Ribeiro Cereijo ◽  
Hugo Santana ◽  
Rodrigo Carvalho Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Phylogenetic Characterization ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The increasing demand for water, food and energy poses challenges for the world´s sustainability. Tropical palm oil is currently the major source of vegetable oil worldwide with a production that exceeds 55 million tons per year, while generating over 200 million tons of palm oil mill effluent (POME). It could potentially be used as a substrate for production of microalgal biomass though. In this study, the microalgal strain Chlamydomonas biconvexa Embrapa|LBA40, originally isolated from a sugarcane vinasse stabilization pond, was selected among 17 strains tested for growth in POME retrieved from anaerobic ponds of a palm oil industrial plant located within the Amazon rainforest region. During cultivation in POME, C. biconvexa Embrapa|LBA40 biomass productivity reached 190.60 mgDW • L-1 • d-1 using 15L airlift flat plate photobioreactors. Carbohydrates comprised the major fraction of algal biomass (31.96%), while the lipidic fraction reached up to 11.3% of dry mass. Reductions of 99% in ammonium and nitrite, as well as 98% reduction in phosphate present in POME were detected after 5 days of algal cultivation. This suggests that the aerobic pond stage, usually used in palm oil industrial plants to reduce POME inorganic load, could be substituted by high rate photobioreactors, significantly reducing the time and area requirements for wastewater treatment. In addition, the complete mitochondrial genome of C. biconvexa Embrapa|LBA40 strain was sequenced, revealing a compact mitogenome, with 15.98 kb in size, a total of 14 genes, of which 9 are protein coding genes. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the strain taxonomic status within the Chlamydomonas genus, opening up opportunities for future genetic modification and molecular breeding programs in these species.

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