Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels by Adsorption via π Complexation with Cu(I)−Y and Ag−Y Zeolites

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo J. Hernández-Maldonado ◽  
Ralph T. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Y Zeolites ◽  
Π Complexation

Desulfurization of Commercial Jet Fuels by Adsorption via π-Complexation with Vapor Phase Ion Exchanged Cu(I)−Y Zeolites

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (19) ◽  
pp. 6142-6149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo J. Hernández-Maldonado ◽  
Ralph T. Yang ◽  
William Cannella
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Jet Fuels ◽  
Y Zeolites ◽  
Π Complexation

New Sorbents for Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels by π-Complexation

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (26) ◽  
pp. 6236-6239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph T. Yang ◽  
Akira Takahashi ◽  
Frances H. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Π Complexation

Microscopic versus process parameters in heavy-oil upgrading

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
V.A. Munoz ◽  
R.J. Mikula ◽  
C. Payette ◽  
W.W. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Heavy Oils ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Optical Texture ◽  
Polar Groups ◽  
Anisotropic Character ◽  
Planar Molecules

The transformation of high molecular weight components present in heavy oils into useable liquid fuels requires their decomposition by means of a variety of processes. The low molecular weight species produced recombine under controlled conditions to generate synthetic fuels. However, an important fraction undergo further recombination into higher molecular weight components, leading to the formation of coke. The optical texture of the coke can be related to its originating components. Those with high sulfur and oxygen content tend to produce cokes with small optical texture or fine mosaic, whereas compounds with relatively high hydrogen content are likely to produce large optical texture or domains. In addition, the structure of the parent chemical components, planar or nonplanar, determines the isotropic or anisotropic character of the coke. Planar molecules have a tendency to align in an approximately parallel arrangement to initiate the formation of the nematic mesophase leading to the formation of anisotropic coke. Nonplanar highly alkylated compounds and/or those rich in polar groups form isotropic coke. The aliphatic branches produce steric hindrance to alignment, whereas the polar groups participate in cross-linking reactions.

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