Modeling of Complex Organic Solid−Liquid Reaction Systems in Stirred Tanks

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2516-2524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapio Salmi ◽  
Esko Tirronen ◽  
Juha Lehtonen ◽  
Erkki Paatero ◽  
Daniel Valtakari
Keyword(s):  
Stirred Tanks ◽  
Reaction Systems ◽  
Liquid Reaction ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Complex Organic

Application of a Tangential Flow Two Colliding Streams Cyclone Reactor in Solid-Liquid Reactions

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Sohrabi ◽  
Sohrab Fathi Pirkashani
Keyword(s):  
Time Distribution ◽  
Residence Time Distribution ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
Reaction Systems ◽  
Tangential Flow ◽  
Liquid Reaction ◽  
Performance Capability ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Discrete Formulation

A tangential flow two colliding streams cyclone reactor (TFTCSCR) was employed as a chemical reactor in the implementation of a solid-liquid reaction. The reaction between barium sulfide particles and a sodium carbonate solution as a typical example of such reactions was considered. Higher conversions of BaS obtained in this reactor may indicate the better performance capability of TFTCSCR relative to those of conventional reaction systems. A stochastic model, based on the Markov chain discrete formulation has been developed for the TFTCSCR, which describes the flow pattern and the residence time distribution (RTD) within the reactor. The predicted values for BaS conversion have been compared with those determined experimentally. The degree of agreement was between 80-85%.

scholarly journals Improved Understanding of the Sulfidization Mechanism in Amine Flotation of Smithsonite: An XPS, AFM and UV–Vis DRS Study

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruizeng Liu ◽  
Bin Pei ◽  
Zhicheng Liu ◽  
Yunwei Wang ◽  
Jialei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Solid Product ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Liquid Reaction ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Heterogeneous Solid

Sulfidization is required in the amine flotation of smithsonite; however, the sulfidization mechanism of smithsonite is still not fully understood. In this work, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS) were used to characterize sulfidized and unsulfidized smithsonite. The XPS and UV–vis DRS analyses showed that smithsonite sulfidization is a transformation of ZnCO3 to ZnS on the smithsonite surfaces. However, this transformation is localized, resulting in the coexistence of ZnCO3 and ZnS or in the formation of ZnS island structures on the sulfidized smithsonite surfaces. AFM height imaging showed that sulfidization can substantially change the surface morphology of smithsonite; in addition, AFM phase imaging demonstrated that sulfidization occurs locally on the smithsonite surfaces. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that smithsonite sulfidization is clearly a heterogeneous solid–liquid reaction in which the solid product attaches at the surfaces of unreacted smithsonite. Smithsonite sulfidization involves heterogeneous nucleation and growth of ZnS nuclei. Moreover, the ZnS might nucleate and grow preferentially in the regions with high reactivity, which might account for the formation of ZnS island structures. In addition, sphalerite-structured ZnS is more likely to be the sulfidization product of smithsonite under flotation-relevantconditions, as also demonstrated by the results of our UV–vis DRS analyses. The results of this study can provide deeper insights into the sulfidization mechanism of smithsonite.

Solid-Liquid Reaction Synthesis and Characterization of Bioinorganic Complexes of Nicotinic Acid with Antimony(III) and Bismuth(III) Ion

2011 ◽  
Vol 282-283 ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Qing Zhong ◽  
Mei Gu ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Reaction Synthesis ◽  
Monoclinic System ◽  
Triclinic System ◽  
Liquid Reaction ◽  
Solid Liquid

Bioinorganic complexes of nicotinic acid with trivalent antimony and bismuth are synthesized by solid-liquid reaction at room temperature. The formula of the complexes is Sb(C5H4NCOOH)2Cl3•H2O and Bi(C5H4NCOOH)2Cl3•H2O respectively. The crystal structure of the complex of nicotinic acid and Sb(III) belongs to triclinic system and that of nicotinic acid and Bi(III) belongs to monoclinic system. Thermal analysis can indicate the complex formation between antimony or bismuth ion and nicotinic acid.

Mechanochemical Conversions Between Crystalline Polymorphs of a Complex Organic Solid

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 3447-3453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Altheimer ◽  
Silvina Pagola ◽  
Matthias Zeller ◽  
Manish A. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solid ◽  
Complex Organic
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