An evaluation of reverse osmosis solute rejection model performance at elevated pressure and high feed concentration

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
Vito L. Punzi ◽  
Gregory P. Muldowney ◽  
Thomas J. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
High Feed

Potential of nanofiltration and low pressure reverse osmosis in the removal of phosphorus for aquaculture

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Leo ◽  
M. Z. Yahya ◽  
S. N. M. Kamal ◽  
A. L. Ahmad ◽  
A. W. Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Rich Solution ◽  
Aquaculture Wastewater

Aquaculture activities in developing countries have raised deep concern about nutrient pollution, especially excess phosphorus in wastewater, which leads to eutrophication. NF, NF90, NF450 and XLE membranes were studied to forecast the potential of nanofiltration and low pressure reverse osmosis in the removal of phosphorus from aquaculture wastewater. Cross-sectional morphology, water contact angle, water permeability and zeta potential of these membranes were first examined. Membrane with higher porosity and greater hydrophilicity showed better permeability. Membrane samples also commonly exhibited high zeta potential value in the polyphosphate-rich solution. All the selected membranes removed more than 90% of polyphosphate from the concentrated feed (75 mg/L) at 12 bar. The separation performance of XLE membrane was well maintained at 94.6% even at low pressure. At low feed concentration, more than 70.0% of phosphorus rejection was achieved using XLE membrane. The formation of intermolecular bonds between polyphosphate and the acquired membranes probably had improved the removal of polyphosphate at high feed concentration. XLE membrane was further tested and its rejection of polyphosphate reduced with the decline of pH and the addition of ammonium nitrate.

scholarly journals Batch Reverse Osmosis Desalination Modeling under a Time-Dependent Pressure Profile

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Abdeljalil Chougradi ◽  
François Zaviska ◽  
Ahmed Abed ◽  
Jérôme Harmand ◽  
Jamal-Eddine Jellal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Recovery Ratio ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Energetic Performance ◽  
Feed Volume

As world demand for clean water increases, reverse osmosis (RO) desalination has emerged as an attractive solution. Continuous RO is the most used desalination technology today. However, a new generation of configurations, working in unsteady-state feed concentration and pressure, have gained more attention recently, including the batch RO process. Our work presents a mathematical modeling for batch RO that offers the possibility of monitoring all variables of the process, including specific energy consumption, as a function of time and the recovery ratio. Validation is achieved by comparison with data from the experimental set-up and an existing model in the literature. Energetic comparison with continuous RO processes confirms that batch RO can be more energy efficient than can continuous RO, especially at a higher recovery ratio. It used, at recovery, 31% less energy for seawater and 19% less energy for brackish water. Modeling also proves that the batch RO process does not have to function under constant flux to deliver good energetic performance. In fact, under a linear pressure profile, batch RO can still deliver better energetic performance than can a continuous configuration. The parameters analysis shows that salinity, pump and energy recovery devices efficiencies are directly linked to the energy demand. While increasing feed volume has a limited effect after a certain volume due to dilution, it also shows, interestingly, a recovery ratio interval in which feed volume does not affect specific energy consumption.

Removal of Monoethanolamine from Wastewater by Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azry Borhan ◽  
Muhammad Muhibbudin Mat Johari
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Operating Parameter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Ro Membrane

Monoethanolamine (MEA) has been vastly used for the removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) in natural gas processing plant. However, during the absorption-desorption process and maintenance activities, a small amount of amine get carries over and discharged into the effluent wastewater stream. Due to its high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and require large volume of water for dilution, therefore treatment of MEA contaminated wastewater is a major concern in most amine sweetening plants. In this research, MEA wastewater generated from PETRONAS Fertilizer Kedah Sdn. Bhd (PFK) was treated via AFC99 tubular thin film composite polyamide Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane. The effect of operating parameter (transmembrane pressure (TMP), feed concentration and pH) towards permeate flux and MEA rejection were studied to obtain the optimum operating conditions. Experimental results showed that AFC99 membrane is able to reject MEA up to 98% when operated at TMP of 20 bars, feed concentration of 300 ppm and pH of 4. This work shows that the RO membrane was feasible and desirable to be used for removal of MEA contaminants from wastewater. Besides, the treated water fulfills the watering standards.

Optimum design of reverse osmosis system under different feed concentration and product specification

2007 ◽  
Vol 287 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Yue Lu ◽  
Yang-Dong Hu ◽  
Xiu-Ling Zhang ◽  
Lian-Ying Wu ◽  
Qing-Zhi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Optimum Design ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Product Specification

Performance of low pressure reverse osmosis membrane (LPROM) for separating mono- and divalent ions

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaini Ujang ◽  
G. K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membrane ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Feed Concentration

This paper describes an investigation on the rejection of the divalent anions from ZnSO4 using LPROMs, and to establish the effect of operating pressure, feed concentration and temperature on metal removal, then to compare with the monovalent anions, ZnCl2. A bench-scale spiral wound configuration of sulphonated polysulphone low pressure reverse osmosis membrane (LPROM) was used to remove heavy metals at various operating conditions, i.e. operating conditions, solute concentrations and temperature. The results show that the higher the operating pressure the greater will be the permeate flux for heavy metals from both mono- and divalent anions. At low operating pressure however, metals from the divalent anions give a higher permeate flux than did the monovalent anions. Permeate flux in both mono- and divalent anions is shown to be subsequently increased by a decrease of the concentration of feed solution. Regarding metal removal, metals from divalent anions were rejected more effectively than monovalent anions at all levels of feed concentration.

SOLUTION-DIFFUSION MODEL FOR A SMALL SCALE REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Syazwana Hasmadi ◽  
Nora Jullok ◽  
Al Nazifah Mat Razi ◽  
M. Hanif Harif Fadzilah
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Membrane Performance

Reverse osmosis (RO) often used for desalination, in producing the ultrapure water for electronics, pharmaceuticals and power generation industries and also it was used in small niche process such as food processing and pollution control. Analysis of membrane performance required multiple of experimental run. Experimental work can be time consuming and costly. Hence, this work aims to model a small scale RO system by using a solution-diffusion model to minimize the experimental work. The model was verified by comparing the data obtained from the model and experimental data. Other studies, which include, the influence of solute feed concentration on the RO system was also been investigated. A commercial RO Trisep flat sheet membrane  was used. The solute permeate concentrations, solvent permeate flux, final solute feed concentrations and rejection rate of sodium chloride (NaCl) was analyzed to observe the membrane performance. Result shows that some experimental data has almost similar trend with the simulated data. Both solute feed concentration and rejection rate of NaCl over time show almost similar trends with percentage errors are 8.89% and 0.76% respectively. As solute feed concentration increased, the solute permeate concentration increased. In contrast to the solute permeate concentration, when the solute feed increases the solvent permeate flux decreases and rejection rate will also decrease. 

scholarly journals Assessment of the Performance of Membranes Type Koch in Hartha Power Plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala'a Abdulrazaq Jassim
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Total Recovery ◽  
Feed Pressure ◽  
High Feed

This paper deals with the assessment of the performance of reverse osmosis membranes type (TFC-Koch) model (8822XR-365) which are used in water desalination unit in Hartha power plant, one of the electrical power plant in the south Iraq. This unit has a capacity of 100  withdraws water from Shat Al-Arab River as a raw water having total dissolved solid (TDS)  ppm, and consists of two stages with total recovery and salt rejection of about 60% and 95%, respectively. The first array contains twelve vessels and the second six vessels. Each vessel contains six elements, 8 inches in diameter and 40 inches in length. The performance of the reverse osmosis (RO) membranes is based on surveying the chemical analysis of different ions present in water for both permeate and rejected streams from the unit log book, and only those readings where the overall recovery was 60% were selected. The results depicted that the reduction of membrane efficiency is attributed to the membrane blockage due to scaling and fouling. Under high fouling conditions the permeate flow rate is reduced and accordingly a high feed pressure is required to produce the design flow rate of permeate or percent recovery. A simulation of the behavior of RO membranes was conducted using standard Saehane software and compared with predicted model that was developed by the same authors. The results revealed that the reduction in water flow in both elements one and two in each vessel in the first array is attributed to the high permeate water flux through these two elements beyond the operation limits. Accordingly it is necessary to replace these two elements or change their position relative to other elements periodically.

scholarly journals REJECTION CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES BY LOW PRESSURE REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woro Nastiti Utami ◽  
Rofiq Iqbal ◽  
I Gede Wenten
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Ph Variation ◽  
Artificial Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Unit

The  increased  use  of  pesticides  has  led  to many  benefits  such  as  advanced  productivity and lower maintenance costs  in agriculture. On the other hand, their  adverse  effects  have  also  grown : an increase of  the risks to the ecosystem and human health. Pressure driven technique such as reverse osmosis and nanofiltration have the potentiality to remove hazardous organic micropollutants such as pesticides. The rejection characteristic of artificial water with 10 ppb concentration of endosulfan and organochlorine pesticides from upper Citarum water shed sample were investigated with a commercial low pressure reverse osmosis unit on laboratory scale. Rejection and flux were measured with a varied operational parameters ; pH, pressure, and feed concentration. Endosulfan rejection was achieved 80% with all varied operational parameters. There was a little dependence permeate flux and percent of rejection on pH. An increasing pressure caused a higher permeate flux while there was no effect of an increasing pressure to higher percentage of endosulfan rejection. An increasing feed concentration caused a lower permeate flux due to an increasing osmotic pressure.  An increasing feed concentration also result in an increasing percent of endosulfan rejection. Organochlorine pesticides found in river water sample which are lindane, aldrin, and heptachlor were all rejected 100%. This may be caused by natural organic matter present in river water and hydrophobicity. Percent rejection was constant to pressure and pH variation. Keywords : Low Pressure Reverse Osmosis, Organochlorine Pesticides, Pressure, pH, Feed Concentration

scholarly journals Membran nonofiltrasi untuk penghilangan ion valensi tinggi dan senyawa organik dari sumber air salinitas tinggi

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Ciptaraharja ◽  
Veronica S. Praptowidodo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membrane ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Porous Support ◽  
Scanning Electron

Utilization of nanofiltration membrane for high valence ion and organic compound removing from high salinized water source.The influence of solvent selection to membrane morphology for cellulose acetate nanofiltration membrane preparation in mass transfer of a multistage reverse osmosis process is studied. Membrane is prepared via precipitation immersion technique. The polymer used in this study is cellulose acetate (CA) with a concentration of 25 %-w. The feed concentration of univalent ion solution (NaCl) is varied between 2000-16.000 mg/L. The operating pressure is adjusted such that the operating pressure is three times of the osmotic pressure of NaCl solution. The concentration of bivalent ion (CaCl2), trivalent ion (FeCl3), and organic substance (glucose) are 200 mg/L, 50 mg/L, and 100 mg/L, respectively. The morphology of the membrane is characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Membrane CA-01 (CA/DMF/Water) is a nanofiltration membrane with a thinner active layer and a more porous support layer than membrane CA-02 (CA/Aceton/Watter) which is categorized as a reverse osmosis membrane. A reduced feed concentration (at a fixed operating pressure) gives an elevated flux however the rejection is decreased. Meanwhile, an elevated operating pressure (at a fixed feed concentration) gives an elevated flux and rejection. Membrane CA-01 has met the requirement as a nanofiltration membrane since it gives 66 % rejection for NaCl at 20 Bar. At the same operating pressure, membrane CA-01 gives rejection for CaCl2, FeCl3, and glucose of 80.45%, 82.14%, and 83.42%, respectively.Keywords: Cellulose Acetate, Membrane, Multistage, Nanotiltration, Reverse Osmosis, Saline WaterAbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis pelarut dalam pembuatan membran nanofiltrasi dari polimer selulosa asetat terhadap struktur morfologi membran dalam peristiwa perpindahan massa pada proses pemisalan osmosis balik multitahap. Teknik pembuatan membran yang digunakan adalah presipitasi imersi. Polimer membran yang digunakan adalah seulosa asetat (CA) pada konsentrasi 25 %-berat. Umpan yang digunakan adalah larutan ion valensi satu (NaCl) dengan variasi konsentrasi antara 2000 hingga 16.000 mg/L. Tekanan operasi diatur sedemikian rupa sehingga nilai rekanan operasi adalah sekitar tiga kali tekanan osmotik larutan NaCl. Percobaan juga dilakukan untuk umpan larutan ion valensi dua (CaCl2), ion valensi tiga (FeCl3), dan senyawa organik (glukosa) dengan konsentrasi, berturut-turut, adalah 200 mg/L, 50 mg/L,  dan 100 mg/L. Struktur morfologi membran diuji menggunakan metoda Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Membran CA-01 (CA/DMF/Air) merupakan membran nanofiltrasi dengan lapisan aktif yang lebih tipis dan ukuran pori lapisan penyangga yang lebih besar daripada membran CA-02 (CA/Aseton/Air), yang termasuk ke dalam membran osmosis balik. Penurunan konsentrasi umpan pada tekanan operasi yang tetap memberikan nilai fluks yang meningkat, namun memberikan nilai rejeksi yang menurun. Sementara itu, peningkatan tekanan operasi pada konsentrasi umpan yang tetap akan memberikan nilai fluks dan rejeksi yang meningkat. Membran CA-01 telah memenuhi persyaratan sebagai membran nanofiltrasi dengan rejeksi NaCl mencapai 66 % pada tekanan 20 Bar. Pada tekanan yang sama membran CA-01 memberikan nilai rejeksi untuk CaCl2, FeCl3, dan glukosa berturut-turut sebesar 80,45%, 82,14%, dan 83,42 %.Kata Kunci: Air Salinitas Tinggi, Membran, Multitahap, Nanofiltrasi, Osmosis Balik, Selulosa Asetat.

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