Hydrolysis of Methyl Acetate and Sucrose in SO3H-Group-Containing Grafted Polymer Chains Prepared by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 2215-2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomotoshi Mizota ◽  
Satoshi Tsuneda ◽  
Kyoichi Saito ◽  
Takanobu Sugo
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Acetate ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Grafted Polymer ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

NANOSCALE SINGLE POLYMER CHAINS ON A CHIP: POLY(GLYCIDYLMETHACRYLATE) GRAFTED ON SILICON (100) SURFACES

2001 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 487-490
Author(s):  
Y. WANG ◽  
R. A. SHELDEN ◽  
E.-T. KANG
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Polymerization Time ◽  
Mica Surface ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Solvent Treatment ◽  
Grafted Polymer ◽  
Single Polymer Chain

In previous studies reported in the literature it was shown that polymer chains could be sparsely grown on a mica surface and then imaged, after appropriate solvent treatment, as nanoscale "molecular droplets," each droplet consisting of a single polymer chain. With a view to eventual molecule-size devices on a chip, we wished to obtain such structures on silicon wafers. The method employed was UV-initiated graft polymerization. Previous studies had shown that silicon wafers that were plasma-treated and then exposed to air formed peroxide-like compounds on the surface. These could then be UV-irradiated in the presence of monomers to obtain surface-grafted polymer. It was expected that under sparse conditions of grafting, molecular droplets could be obtained in this way on silicon wafers. The monomer selected in the present work was glycidylmethacrylate (GMA), of special interest because poly(GMA) is a potential biomolecule surface linker. Single chain molecular droplets were indeed obtained when the polymerization time was sufficiently short, and an appropriate postpolymerization solvent treatment was used.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in Charged Polymer Chains Grafted by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization; Adsorption of Proteins and Immobilization of Inorganic Precipitates

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Ishihara ◽  
Shiho Asai ◽  
Kyoichi Saito
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Permeation Flux ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Polymer Substrates ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Charged Polymer

Radiation-induced graft polymerization provides industrially superior functionalization schemes by selection of existing polymer substrates and design of graft chains. In this review, by a pre-irradiation method of the radiation-induced graft polymerization and subsequent chemical modifications, charged polymer chains grafted onto various components and shapes of the polymer substrates are described. The charged graft chains immobilized onto a porous hollow-fiber membrane captured proteins in multilayers via multipoint binding. A membrane onto which positively charged graft chains are immobilized, i.e., an anion-exchange porous hollow-fiber membrane, was commercialized in 2011 for the removal of undesirable proteins in the purification of pharmaceuticals. On the other hand, a membrane onto which negatively charged graft chains are immobilized, i.e., a cation-exchange porous hollow-fiber membrane, exhibited a low permeation flux for pure water; however, the prepermeation of an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride through the membrane restored the permeation flux because of ionic crosslinking of graft chains with magnesium ions. The charged graft chains provide a precipitation field for inorganic compounds such as insoluble cobalt ferrocyanide. The graft chains entangle or penetrate a precipitate owing to electrostatic interactions with the surface charge on the precipitate. Braids and wound filters composed of insoluble-cobalt-ferrocyanide-impregnated fibers are used for the removal of radiocesium from contaminated water at Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO) Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.

scholarly journals Radiation-Induced Asymmetric Grafting of Different Monomers into Base Films to Prepare Novel Bipolar Membranes

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2028
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Sawada ◽  
Yasunari Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Bipolar Membranes ◽  
Graft Polymers ◽  
Grafting Reactions ◽  
Radiation Induced

We prepared novel bipolar membranes (BPMs) consisting of cation and anion exchange layers (CEL and AEL) using radiation-induced asymmetric graft polymerization (RIAGP). In this technique, graft polymers containing cation and anion exchange groups were introduced into a base film from each side. To create a clear CEL/AEL boundary, grafting reactions were performed from each surface side using two graft monomer solutions, which are immiscible in each other. Sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SSS) and acrylic acid (AA) in water were co-grafted from one side of the base ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene film, and chloromethyl styrene (CMS) in xylene was simultaneously grafted from the other side, and then the CMS units were quaternized to afford a BPM. The distinct SSS + AA- and CMS-grafted layers were formed owing to the immiscibility of hydrophilic SSS + AA and hydrophobic CMS monomer solutions. This is the first BPM with a clear CEL/AEL boundary prepared by RIAGP. However, in this BPM, the CEL was considerably thinner than the AEL, which may be a problem in practical applications. Then, by using different starting times of the first SSS+AA and second CMS grafting reactions, the CEL and AEL thicknesses was found to be controlled in RIAGP.

Graft Polymers Derived from Natural Rubber

1956 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Bloomfield ◽  
F. M. Merrett ◽  
F. J. Popham ◽  
P. Mc L. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Transfer Reaction ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Grafted Polymer ◽  
Polymeric Chains ◽  
Graft Polymers ◽  
Direct Growth

Abstract Graft polymers result when vinyl monomers are polymerized in the presence of natural rubber, either in solution or as latex, and some of the polymeric chains become attached to the rubber molecules. The properties of the natural rubber can be widely modified according to the nature and the amount of the grafted polymer. The polymer-modified natural rubber appears to be produced by direct growth of polymer chains on to rubber molecules rather than by a transfer reaction involving the rubber. Graft polymers of styrene and methyl methacrylate with natural rubber can be compounded and cured to give light-colored articles of good tensile strength, and rubber-methyl methacrylate graft polymers have outstanding flex-cracking and fatigue resistance.

scholarly journals Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization of Acrylonitrile onto Poly(vinyl chbride) Film

1973 ◽  
pp. 1188-1194
Author(s):  
Shoji HASHIMOTO ◽  
Akira UDAGAWA ◽  
Eiichi KAGEYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Radiation Induced

Design of urea-permeable anion-exchange membrane by radiation-induced graft polymerization

1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Lee ◽  
Kyoichi Saito ◽  
Shintaro Furusaki ◽  
Takanobu Sugo ◽  
Keizo Makuuchi
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Exchange Membrane
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