Nucleophilic Displacement in the Oxidation of Iodide Ion by Dimethyl Sulfoxide

1966 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Iodide Ion ◽  
Nucleophilic Displacement

Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Displacement in Aqueous Dimethyl Sulfoxide Solutions

1961 ◽  
Vol 83 (20) ◽  
pp. 4281-4284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Fuchs ◽  
Gloria E. McCrary ◽  
Jordan J. Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Nucleophilic Displacement

Solvation enthalpies and rates of nucleophilic displacement of alkali halides in dimethyl sulfoxide

1968 ◽  
Vol 90 (24) ◽  
pp. 6698-6700 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Rodewald ◽  
K. Mahendran ◽  
John L. Bear ◽  
Richard. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Alkali Halides ◽  
Nucleophilic Displacement

The Elimination Reaction of Vicinal Disulphonyloxy Compounds with Sodium Iodide

1961 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Angyal ◽  
RJ Young
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Elimination Reaction ◽  
Iodide Ion ◽  
Nucleophilic Displacement ◽  
Simultaneous Elimination

The elimination of two tosyloxy groups from vicinal ditosyloxy compounds by reaction with sodium iodide has been investigated. The reaction involves nucleophilic displacement of one tosyloxy group ; this is followed by the simultaneous elimination of the second tosyloxy group and iodine, if the steric arrangement is favourable; if it is unfavourable, a second displacement by an iodide ion probably occurs to give substituents having a trans-arrangement suitable for elimination.�In one case, that of the ditosyl derivative of trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diol, the intermediate cis-2-iodocyclohexyl toluene-p-sulphonate was isolated.

The Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on In Vitro Platelet Function

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Schiffer ◽  
Caroline L. Whitaker ◽  
Morton Schmukler ◽  
Joseph Aisner ◽  
Steven L. Hilbert
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Structural Abnormalities

SummaryAlthough dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been used extensively as a cryopreservative for platelets there are few studies dealing with the effect of DMSO on platelet function. Using techniques similar to those employed in platelet cryopreservation platelets were incubated with final concentrations of 2-10% DMSO at 25° C. After exposure to 5 and 10% DMSO platelets remained discoid and electron micrographs revealed no structural abnormalities. There was no significant change in platelet count. In terms of injury to platelet membranes, there was no increased availability of platelet factor-3 or leakage of nucleotides, 5 hydroxytryptamine (5HT) or glycosidases with final DMSO concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10% DMSO. Thrombin stimulated nucleotide and 5HT release was reduced by 10% DMSO. Impairment of thrombin induced glycosidase release was noted at lower DMSO concentrations and was dose related. Similarly, aggregation to ADP was progressively impaired at DMSO concentrations from 1-5% and was dose related. After the platelets exposed to DMSO were washed, however, aggregation and release returned to control values. Platelet aggregation by epinephrine was also inhibited by DMSO and this could not be corrected by washing the platelets. DMSO-plasma solutions are hypertonic but only minimal increases in platelet volume (at 10% DMSO) could be detected. Shrinkage of platelets was seen with hypertonic solutions of sodium chloride or sucrose suggesting that the rapid transmembrane passage of DMSO prevented significant shifts of water. These studies demonstrate that there are minimal irreversible alterations in in vitro platelet function after short-term exposure to DMSO.

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