Engineering Kinetics of Short Residence Time Coal Liquefaction Processes

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard K. Traeger
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Coal Liquefaction ◽  
Short Residence Time ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Short residence time coal liquefaction. Final report

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Longanbach ◽  
J. R. Droege ◽  
S. P. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Coal Liquefaction ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Short Residence Time

Short-Residence-Time Coal Liquefaction

1980 ◽  
pp. 165-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. LONGANBACH ◽  
J. W. DROEGE ◽  
S. P. CHAUHAN
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Coal Liquefaction ◽  
Short Residence Time

scholarly journals The kinetics of the partial dehydration of gibbsite to activated alumina in a reactor for pneumatic transport

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Rozic ◽  
Tatjana Novakovic ◽  
Nadezda Jovanovic ◽  
Ana Terlecki-Baricevic ◽  
Zeljko Grbavcic
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Pneumatic Transport ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Activated Alumina ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Short Residence Time ◽  
Kinetics Of

The dehidration kinetics of gibbsite to activated alumina was investigated at four different temperatures between 883 K and 943 K in a reactor for pneumatic transport in the dilute two phase flow regime. The first order kinetic behavior of this reactionwith respect to the water content of the solid material was proved and an activation energy of 66.5 kJ/mol was calculated. The effect of residence time on the water content is given and compared with theoretical calculations. The water content and other characteristics of the products depend on two main parameters, one is the short residence time and the other is the temperature of the dehydration of gibbsite. The short residence time of the gibbsite particles in a reactor for pneumatic transport prevents crystallization into new phases, as established from XRD analysis data. Reactive amorphous alumina powder, with a specific surface area of 250 m2/g, suitable as a precursor for catalyst supports is obtained.

Kinetics of coal liquefaction under supercritical conditions

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girish V. Deshpande ◽  
Gerald D. Holder ◽  
Yatish T. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Coal Liquefaction ◽  
Supercritical Conditions ◽  
Kinetics Of

Solar Fixation of Atmospheric Nitrogen

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 626-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Epstein ◽  
Rudi Bertocchi ◽  
Jacob Karni
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Economical Benefit ◽  
Fixation Reaction ◽  
Solar Receiver ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Commercial Size

The thermal fixation of atmospheric nitrogen is explored, using a recently developed concept of a particle-seeded solar receiver. The thermodynamics and the kinetics of the formation of nitric oxide (NO) in air at temperatures of about 2300 K are analyzed, and the required residence time and the time to reach the steady state of the reaction between nitrogen and oxygen are calculated. The novel particle-seeded receiver concept is briefly described. The adaptation of the particle-seeded receiver to the fixation reaction in terms of heating rate of the air and residence time is validated based on previous test results and complementary calculations. A proposed method where the solar receiver/reactor is simultaneously coupled with power production, using the exhausted hot air from the reactor to generate electricity, is described. This concept can definitely increase the economical benefit of the process and, thus, its potential attractiveness. Some illustrative figures for a commercial size system are provided.

Kinetics of Drug Binding and Residence Time

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Bernetti ◽  
Matteo Masetti ◽  
Walter Rocchia ◽  
Andrea Cavalli
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Kinetic Constant ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Drug Binding ◽  
Binding Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of drug binding and unbinding is assuming an increasingly crucial role in the long, costly process of bringing a new medicine to patients. For example, the time a drug spends in contact with its biological target is known as residence time (the inverse of the kinetic constant of the drug-target unbinding, 1/ koff). Recent reports suggest that residence time could predict drug efficacy in vivo, perhaps even more effectively than conventional thermodynamic parameters (free energy, enthalpy, entropy). There are many experimental and computational methods for predicting drug-target residence time at an early stage of drug discovery programs. Here, we review and discuss the methodological approaches to estimating drug binding kinetics and residence time. We first introduce the theoretical background of drug binding kinetics from a physicochemical standpoint. We then analyze the recent literature in the field, starting from the experimental methodologies and applications thereof and moving to theoretical and computational approaches to the kinetics of drug binding and unbinding. We acknowledge the central role of molecular dynamics and related methods, which comprise a great number of the computational methods and applications reviewed here. However, we also consider kinetic Monte Carlo. We conclude with the outlook that drug (un)binding kinetics may soon become a go/no go step in the discovery and development of new medicines.

Development of Torrefaction Kinetics for British Columbia Softwoods

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianghong Peng ◽  
Xiaotao T. Bi ◽  
Jim Lim ◽  
Shabab Sokhansanj
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
First Order Reaction ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
First Order ◽  
One Step ◽  
Kinetics Of

Torrefaction is a thermal treatment without air or oxygen in the temperature range of 473-573 K. The pyrolysis kinetics of three chemical components (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin) and wood at low temperatures of relevance to torrefaction conditions have been reviewed. A series of thermogravimetric (TG) experiments have been carried out to study the intrinsic torrefaction kinetics of major chemical components and British Columbia (BC) softwoods. The weight loss during BC softwood torrefaction was found to be mainly associated with the decomposition of hemicelluloses, although there was also certain degree of decomposition of cellulose and lignin. The weight loss of the BC softwoods during torrefaction could be approximately estimated from the chemical composition of wood species and the weight loss data for torrefaction of pure cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, respectively. Based on the fitting of the TG curves of BC softwoods and three chemical components, two different torrefaciton models were proposed. The simple one-step (single-stage) kinetic model with the first order reaction can predict the reaction data reasonably well over the long residence time, with the final sample weight being strongly related to the torrefaction temperature. A two-component and one-step first order reaction kinetic model, on the other hand, gave improved agreement with data over short residence time, and can be used to guide the design and optimization of torrefaction reactors over the weight loss range of 0 to 40% at the temperature range of 533-573 K, which covers the typical range of industrially relevant operations.

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