Peer Reviewed: An Abridged Life-Cycle Assessment of Electric Vehicle Batteries

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 40A-46A ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. C. Steele ◽  
David T. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle

scholarly journals Prospective Life Cycle Assessment of a Structural Battery

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zackrisson ◽  
Jönsson ◽  
Johannisson ◽  
Fransson ◽  
Posner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
The Body ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Structural Battery

With increasing interest in reducing fossil fuel emissions, more and more development is focused on electric mobility. For electric vehicles, the main challenge is the mass of the batteries, which significantly increase the mass of the vehicles and limits their range. One possible concept to solve this is incorporating structural batteries; a structural material that both stores electrical energy and carries mechanical load. The concept envisions constructing the body of an electric vehicle with this material and thus reducing the need for further energy storage. This research is investigating a future structural battery that is incorporated in the roof of an electric vehicle. The structural battery is replacing the original steel roof of the vehicle, and part of the original traction battery. The environmental implications of this structural battery roof are investigated with a life cycle assessment, which shows that a structural battery roof can avoid climate impacts in substantive quantities. The main emissions for the structural battery stem from its production and efforts should be focused there to further improve the environmental benefits of the structural battery. Toxicity is investigated with a novel chemical risk assessment from a life cycle perspective, which shows that two chemicals should be targeted for substitution.

A comparative life cycle assessment on lithium-ion battery: Case study on electric vehicle battery in China considering battery evolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2096663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuoyao Wang ◽  
Jeongsoo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Collection Rate ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Battery Recycling ◽  
The Future

China has become the largest electric vehicle (EV) market in the world since 2015. Consequently, the lithium-ion battery (LiB) market in China is also expanding fast. LiB makers are continually introducing new types of LiBs into the market to improve LiBs’ performance. However, there will be a considerable amount of waste LiBs generated in China. These waste LiBs should be appropriately recycled to avoid resources’ waste or environmental pollution problems. Yet, because LiBs’ type keeps changing, the environmental impact and profitability of the waste LiB recycling industry in China become uncertain. In this research, we reveal the detailed life cycle process of EVs’ LiBs in China first. Then, the environmental impact of each type of LiB is speculated using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. Moreover, we clarify how LiBs’ evolution will affect the economic effect of the waste battery recycling industry in China. We perform a sensitivity analysis focusing on waste LiBs’ collection rate. We found that along with LiBs’ evolution, their environmental impact is decreasing. Furthermore, if waste LiBs could be appropriately recycled, their life cycle environmental impact would be further dramatically decreased. On the other hand, the profitability of the waste battery recycling industry in China would decrease in the future. Moreover, it is essential to improve waste LiBs’ collection rate to establish an efficient waste LiB industry. Such a trend should be noticed by the Chinese government and waste LiB recycling operators to establish a sustainable waste LiB recycling industry in the future.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of a Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) Electric Vehicle Battery in Second Life Application Scenarios

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Ioakimidis ◽  
Alberto Murillo-Marrodán ◽  
Ali Bagheri ◽  
Dimitrios Thomas ◽  
Konstantinos Genikomsakis
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Energy Storage Unit

This paper presents a life cycle assessment (LCA) study that examines a number of scenarios that complement the primary use phase of electric vehicle (EV) batteries with a secondary application in smart buildings in Spain, as a means of extending their useful life under less demanding conditions, when they no longer meet the requirements for automotive purposes. Specifically, it considers a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery to analyze four second life application scenarios by combining the following cases: (i) either reuse of the EV battery or manufacturing of a new battery as energy storage unit in the building; and (ii) either use of the Spanish electricity mix or energy supply by solar photovoltaic (PV) panels. Based on the Eco-indicator 99 and IPCC 2007 GWP 20a methods, the evaluation of the scenario results shows that there is significant environmental benefit from reusing the existing EV battery in the secondary application instead of manufacturing a new battery to be used for the same purpose and time frame. Moreover, the findings of this work exemplify the dependence of the results on the energy source in the smart building application, and thus highlight the importance of PVs on the reduction of the environmental impact.

Life cycle assessment of hybrid passenger electric vehicle

2022 ◽  
pp. 475-495
Author(s):  
Daniele Candelaresi ◽  
Antonio Valente ◽  
Eleonora Bargiacchi ◽  
Giuseppe Spazzafumo
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle

Life Cycle Assessment of Neodymium-Iron-Boron Magnet-to-Magnet Recycling for Electric Vehicle Motors

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 3796-3802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyue Jin ◽  
Peter Afiuny ◽  
Stephen Dove ◽  
Gojmir Furlan ◽  
Miha Zakotnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Neodymium Iron Boron

scholarly journals Environmental performance of a battery electric vehicle: a descriptive Life Cycle Assessment approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Messagie ◽  
F. Boureima ◽  
J. Matheys ◽  
N. Sergeant ◽  
J-M. Timmermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicle ◽  
Assessment Approach

A life cycle assessment of a Li-ion urban electric vehicle battery

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos N. Genikomsakis ◽  
Christos S. Ioakimidis ◽  
Alberto Murillo ◽  
Atanaska Trifonova ◽  
Dragan Simic
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicle Battery ◽  
Li Ion

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of repurposed electric vehicle batteries: an adapted method based on modelling energy flows

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 213-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bobba ◽  
Fabrice Mathieux ◽  
Fulvio Ardente ◽  
Gian Andrea Blengini ◽  
Maria Anna Cusenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Energy Flows
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