scholarly journals Space/Time Analysis of Fecal Pollution and Rainfall in an Eastern North Carolina Estuary

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 3728-3735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela D. Coulliette ◽  
Eric S. Money ◽  
Marc L. Serre ◽  
Rachel T. Noble
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Fecal Pollution ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
North Carolina Estuary ◽  
Eastern North Carolina

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Strain Type Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Turkeys in Eastern North Carolina

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weimin Gu ◽  
Robin M. Siletzky ◽  
Sandra Wright ◽  
Mohammed Islam ◽  
Sophia Kathariou
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Strain Type ◽  
Eastern North Carolina ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Genomic Cluster ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Human Campylobacteriosis

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis, and recent findings suggest that turkeys are an important reservoir for this organism. In this study, 80 C. jejuni isolates from eastern North Carolina were characterized for resistance to nine antimicrobials, and strain types were determined by fla typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with SmaI and KpnI, and (for 41 isolates) multilocus sequence typing (MLST). PFGE analysis suggested that many of the isolates (37/40 [ca. 93%]) in a major genomic cluster had DNA that was partially methylated at SmaI sites. Furthermore, 12/40 (30%) of the isolates in this cluster were completely resistant to digestion by KpnI, suggesting methylation at KpnI sites. MLST of 41 isolates identified 10 sequence types (STs), of which 4 were new. Three STs (ST-1839, ST-2132 and the new ST-2934) were predominant and were detected among isolates from different farms. The majority of the isolates (74%) were resistant to three or more antimicrobials, and resistance to ciprofloxacin was common (64%), whereas resistance to the other drug of choice for treatment of human campylobacteriosis, erythromycin, was never encountered. Most (33/34) of the kanamycin-resistant isolates were also resistant to tetracycline; however, only ca. 50% of the tetracycline-resistant isolates were also kanamycin resistant. Isolates with certain antimicrobial resistance profiles had identical or closely related strain types. Overall, the findings suggest dissemination of certain clonal groups of C. jejuni isolates in the turkey production industry of this region.

Examining the Relationship Between Wet Weather and Fecal Contamination in a North Carolina Estuary

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019-1031
Author(s):  
Angela D. Coulliette ◽  
Andrew D. Gronewold ◽  
Eric S. Money ◽  
Marc L. Serre ◽  
Rachel T. Noble
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
North Carolina Estuary ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract WP345: Stroke Risk Factors Screening and Education: A Regional Strategy to Address Stroke Prevalence and Mortality in Eastern North Carolina

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry M Congleton ◽  
Cristine W Small ◽  
Susan D Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Transient Ischemia ◽  
Stroke Risk Factor ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Regional Collaboration ◽  
Stroke Prevalence ◽  
Eastern North Carolina

Background: Eastern North Carolina (ENC) stroke mortality is 12 percent higher than the rest of the state. Often, geographical and sociological barriers prevent people residing in our rural communities from seeking routine health care. Stroke risk factors are known. The purpose of this initiative is to reduce the stroke prevalence and mortality in ENC through community risk factors screening and education. Methods: Medical center volunteers’ staff the screening and volunteer hours are recorded in a community benefit database. Each participant completes a standardized evidenced based assessment. Information collected at each screening includes demographic data, cardiovascular history, knowledge of stroke/transient ischemia signs and symptoms. Clinical metrics obtained are finger stick for random lipid panel and blood glucose, body mass index, hip to waist ratio and carotid bruit screen. Based on the screening results, education, recommendations and referrals are reviewed with every participant. Results: From 2007-2010 the screening volume doubled. In 2011, there was a reduction in screening volume as our system hospitals expanded their community stroke outreach efforts. Approximately 4900 community screenings have been conducted from 2007-2011. Elevated blood pressure and cholesterol respectively are most frequently occurring stroke risks factor found, which is consistent with national trends. Stroke mortality has decreased in the region while transient ischemia attack admissions volume has increased at our certified primary stroke center and regional referral center. Conclusions: In conclusion, primary and secondary prevention through community outreach education, risk factors screening and regional collaboration has made a difference. The region has seen a decrease in stroke prevalence and mortality in ENC. Further reduction is necessary to continue to make an even greater impact. Future directions for the stroke risk factor identification screening is to further integrate community efforts and seeks grant opportunities to establish stroke prevention and management clinics throughout the region.

scholarly journals ANÁLISIS ESPACIO-TEMPORAL DE LA MALARIA EN MATINA, LIMÓN, COSTA RICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (54) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Silvia Argüello Vargas ◽  
Elba de la Cruz Malavassi ◽  
Marco V Herrero Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Time Pattern ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Spatial Attributes ◽  
Los Grupos

<p>El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer el patrón espacio-temporal de la malaria en Matina y relacionarlo con factores ambientales. Se utilizaron tecnologías espaciales para capturar, almacenar, analizar y visualizar información relacionada con localidades y viviendas. Los atributos no espaciales fueron analizados usando pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas. Los datos fueron obtenidos de las bases de datos de casos clínicos del Área Rectora del Ministerio de Salud en Matina. Se presentan los descriptores puntuales de las localidades positivas para los años 2005 y 2006 y en los grupos de viviendas positivo y negativo en la localidad piloto. Se propone una clasificación de áreas macroambientales en el cantón y se relaciona con la distribución de la Incidencia Parasitaria Anual (IPA). Se identificaron factores de riesgo a nivel de vivienda en la localidad piloto. Se describe la ocurrencia temporal de la actividad malárica en el cantón. El patrón espacio-temporal que se presenta en este informe puede servir de línea base para estudiar cambios que podrían ocurrir en el futuro.</p><p> </p><p>SPACE-TIME ANALYSIS OF MALARIA IN MATINA, LIMÓN, COSTA RICA</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><br /> The purpose of this study was to describe the space-time pattern of the disease, and relate it to environmental factors. Spatial technologies were used to collect, store, analyze and display information regarding locations and household locations. Non-spatial attributes were analyzed using parametric and non parametric tests. The information was obtained from databases of clinical cases form the Governing Area of the Health Ministry in Matina. Centrographic parameters were calculated for localities within Matina and for households within the pilot location. Parasitic Incidence (IPA) was associated with a proposed environmental classifiation for Matina. At the household level, risk factors were determined. The temporal pattern of the disease in Matina is described. A similar temporal trend is shown for households within the pilot location. This is the fist time that the information collected in the Matina Governing Area is used to describe the spatial patterns of malaria.<br /> This pattern will be useful as a comparative baseline for future studies.</p><p> </p><p><span><br /></span></p>

POPILLIA JAPONICA (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE): DISTRIBUTION AND MOVEMENT OF ADULTS IN HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENTS

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Régnière ◽  
Robert L. Rabb ◽  
R. E. Stinner
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Popillia Japonica ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Marginal Production ◽  
Adult Feeding ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Eastern North Carolina

AbstractAdult Japanese beetle populations were sampled continuously during the summers of 1978 and 1979 in two agricultural stations in eastern North Carolina. Patterns in trap capture were used to develop a conceptual model of the movements of this insect in agricultural areas. A partition of land area is proposed, based on four categories of sites from the point of view of suitability to this insect's reproduction and survival: (1) intensive production sites, (2) marginal production sites, (3) migration alleys, and (4) adult feeding sites. This partition is suggested as a framework for discussion and study of the population dynamics of the insect.

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