Release of Isoprene and Monoterpenes during the Aerobic Decomposition of Orange Wastes from Laboratory Incubation Experiments

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 3265-3270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinming Wang ◽  
Ting Wu
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Incubation ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Aerobic Decomposition

Scaling methane oxidation: From laboratory incubation experiments to landfill cover field conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 978-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Abichou ◽  
Koenraad Mahieu ◽  
Jeff Chanton ◽  
Mehrez Romdhane ◽  
Imane Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Landfill Cover ◽  
Laboratory Incubation ◽  
Incubation Experiments

Nitrogen transformations in a soil of the Lower Burdekin, Queensland. 2. Laboratory incubation studies

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (101) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
RE Reid ◽  
SA Waring
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Nitrogen Transformations ◽  
Laboratory Incubation ◽  
Pasture Soil ◽  
Nitrate Production ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Net Mineralization ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

Two laboratory incubation experiments were carried out to investigate the relation between soil water, Eh 7, nitrification and denitrification and to examine the relation between pH and nitrification. Samples were incubated for 16 days under aerobic and waterlogged conditions with 50 mg N kg-1 of added nitrate or ammonium. Apparent denitrification on waterlogging was rapid with 50% of nitrate disappearing in three days, but the presence of more than 7 mg N kg-1 as nitrate prevented Eh, falling below 270 mV. An initial wetting to 0.1 bar tension after drying and grinding caused apparent denitrification but a subsequent wetting to the same tension did not. If high nitrate levels occurred in the field, denitrification losses would be important. Net mineralization and nitrification were independent of soil water in the range 2 to 30% gravimetric. Samples of a pasture soil of initial pH about 4.2 were incubated aerobically with added ammonium and increasing amounts of K2CO3 to increase pH. Nitrate production increased with increasing pH and the relation between pH and nitrate production changed between pH 5.0 and 5.1. Denitrification losses from ammonium-containing fertilizers on waterlogging will be reduced if low pH has inhibited nitrification.

Use of laser spectroscopy to evaluate the influence of soil storage on N2O emission

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Ding ◽  
Maria Heiling ◽  
Mohammad Zaman ◽  
Christian Resch ◽  
Gerd Dercon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Soil Storage ◽  
Laboratory Incubation ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Keeling Plot ◽  
Cavity Output ◽  
Storage Effects ◽  
Disturbed Soils

<p>Accurate measurements of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) fluxes from soils are necessary to understand dynamic changes in soil nitrogen cycles. Laboratory incubation experiments provide a controlled condition to measure these N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes. Before incubation experiments, soils are often stored at certain conditions to minimize the microbial activities. However, the effect of soil storage on N<sub>2</sub>O emission has been poorly studied. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted using disturbed soils to study the storage effect. The soil was sieved to 2mm and the following four treatments were tested: fresh undisturbed (FU), fresh sieved (FS), fridge stored at 4ºC (ST), and stored at room temperature after drying (PI). After soil samples were brought to 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS), <sup>15</sup>N labelled urea (1 At%) was applied at the rate of 50 mg N kg<sup>-1</sup> soil and the soil was incubated at room temperature (23 ºC). The N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes were measured for 7 weeks using off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS, Los Gatos Research, California, USA). Cumulative N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes and Keeling plot intercepts (δ<sup>15</sup>N source) were calculated. The results showed that soil storage has a significant effect on N<sub>2</sub>O emission. Over the 7-week period, ST produced the highest cumulative N<sub>2</sub>O emissions (2.70 µg N g<sup>-1</sup> soil) as well as the largest amount of N derived from fertiliser (Ndff) (1.4 µg N g<sup>-1</sup> soil). FU produced the lowest cumulative N<sub>2</sub>O emissions (1.0 µg N g<sup>-1</sup> soil) but the largest amount of N derived from soil (Ndfs) (0.6 µg N g<sup>-1</sup> soil). The daily N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes of FS and FU declined rapidly after the peak emissions, but the fluxes of PI and ST fluctuated after the peaks. These results indicate that soil storage affects microbial processes and therefore N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. Our results suggest using fresh soil to avoid storage effects. If this is not possible the effect of soil storage should be considered before the experiment.  </p>

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