scholarly journals Food-Miles and the Relative Climate Impacts of Food Choices in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 3508-3513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Weber ◽  
H. Scott Matthews
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Food Miles

scholarly journals Early Responses to Climate Change: An Analysis of Seven U.S. State and Local Climate Adaptation Planning Initiatives

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Andrew Poyar ◽  
Nancy Beller-Simms
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Climate Adaptation Planning

Abstract State and local governments in the United States manage a wide array of natural and human resources that are particularly sensitive to climate variability and change. Recent revelations of the extent of the current and potential climate impact in this realm such as with the quality of water, the structure of the coasts, and the potential and witnessed impact on the built infrastructure give these political authorities impetus to minimize their vulnerability and plan for the future. In fact, a growing number of subnational government bodies in the United States have initiated climate adaptation planning efforts; these initiatives emphasize an array of climate impacts, but at different scales, scopes, and levels of sophistication. Meanwhile, the current body of climate adaptation literature has not taken a comprehensive look at these plans nor have they questioned what prompts local adaptation planning, at what scope and scale action is being taken, or what prioritizes certain policy responses over others. This paper presents a case-based analysis of seven urban climate adaptation planning initiatives, drawing from a review of publicly available planning documents and interviews with stakeholders directly involved in the planning process to provide a preliminary understanding of these issues. The paper also offers insight into the state of implementation of adaptation strategies, highlighting the role of low upfront costs and cobenefits with issues already on the local agenda in prompting anticipatory adaptation.

Arctic Climate Impacts: Environmental Injustice in Canada and the United States

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah F. Trainor ◽  
F. Stuart Chapin ◽  
Henry P. Huntington ◽  
David C. Natcher ◽  
Gary Kofinas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Arctic Climate ◽  
Environmental Injustice

Eating behaviors in sailors of the United States Navy: Meal-to-sleep intervals

2020 ◽  
pp. 026010602096087
Author(s):  
Nita Lewis Shattuck ◽  
Panagiotis Matsangas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Navy ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Interval Duration ◽  
Field Assessment

Background: Due to their long workdays and erratic watch schedules, sailors on United States Navy (USN) ships often eat meals close to their bedtime, which may contribute to sleep disruption. Aim: To assess the duration of meal-to-sleep (M-S) intervals in relation to timing of sailor workdays and watch schedules. Methods: Longitudinal field assessment of USN sailors performing their underway duties ( N = 234). Participants completed questionnaires, wore actigraphs, and completed activity logs. Results: Approximately 35% of M-S intervals were <3 h in duration. M-S interval duration was associated with watchstanding status ( p < 0.001) and the number of sections in the watchstanding schedule ( p < 0.001). Sailors on the two-section watch schedule had, on average, the shortest M-S intervals (55 min) compared to sailors on three- or four-section watchbills (∼4 h) and to non-watchstanders (4.85 h). Conclusion: Sailors on two-section watchbills often eat quite close to bedtime. To provide appropriate recommendations regarding healthy dietary patterns, we will continue assessing dietary behaviors and food choices of sailors while underway, especially as they relate to sailor work hours, circadian rhythms, and sleep practices.

Where’s the fire? Using in-situ observations from the NOAA/NASA FIREX-AQ campaign to validate small fire in the central and southern U.S.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen Rintsch ◽  
Jessica L. McCarty
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Active Fire ◽  
Emissions Inventories

&lt;p&gt;Crop residue and rangeland burning is a common practice in the United States but verified ground-based estimates for the frequency of these fires is sparse. We present a comparison between known fire locations collected during the summer 2019 NOAA/NASA FIREX-AQ field campaign with several satellite-based active fire detections to estimate the occurrence of small-scale fires in agroecosystems. Many emissions inventories at the state-, country-, and global-level are driven by active fire detections and not burned area estimates for small fires in agroecosystems. The study area is focused on the southern Great Plains and Mississippi Delta of the United States. We combined fire occurrence data from 375 m Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (VIIRS), 1 km Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and 2 km Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) active fires with 30 m land use data from U.S. Department of Agriculture Cropland Data Layer (CDL). The detections were compared to fires and land use validated in the field during the NOAA/NASA FIREX-AQ mission. GOES detected these fires at a higher frequency than MODIS or VIIRS. For example, MODIS detected 873 active fires and VIIRS detected 2,859, while GOES detected 13,634 active fires. Additionally, a large amount of the fires documented in the field, approximately 41%, were not detected by any satellite instrument used in the study. If GOES detections are excluded, approximately 5% of the documented fires were detected. This suggests that a large amount of cropland and rangeland burning are not detected by current active fire products from polar orbiting satellites like MODIS and VIIRS, with implications for regional air pollution monitoring, emissions inventories, and climate impacts of open burning. &amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hill and
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Building Resilience ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Once regarded as a threat in the distant future, the impacts of climate change are now daily new stories. The introduction defines resilience and argues that resilience is urgently needed in the United States and other places to enable communities to cope with the climate impacts they are already experiencing, as well as with future impacts. Building resilience is not a substitute for reducing greenhouse gas emissons, but it can blunt some of the worst impacts, save lives, and protect the most vulnerable in society. Insufficient progress in cutting emissions has made the resilience imperative all the more urgent. The introduction, lastly, explains the authors’ motivations for writing the book and provides an overview of ten lessons essential for advancing climate resilience.

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