Localization and Chemical Speciation of Pb in Roots of Signal Grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and Rhodes Grass (Chloris gayana)

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 4595-4599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Kopittke ◽  
Colin J. Asher ◽  
F. Pax C. Blamey ◽  
Graeme J. Auchterlonie ◽  
Yanan N. Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Signal Grass

Toxicity of Cd to signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.) and Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 330 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 515-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Kopittke ◽  
F. Pax C. Blamey ◽  
Neal W. Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Signal Grass ◽  
Chloris Gayana Kunth

Studies on potassium. IV. Interspecific differences in the uptake of non-exchangeable potassium

Soil Research ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
IF Fergus ◽  
AE Martin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Swelling Clay ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Macroptilium Atropurpureum ◽  
Plant Removal

Five soils were cropped with four plant species in pot experiments in the glasshouse, without addition of potassium, until growth virtually ceased, after which the depleted soils were replanted with either the same species, or a different one, to test the reproducibility of the 'exhaustion' conditions imposed. Uptake of potassium by the plants exceeded the changes in exchangeable potassium in four soils; the excess amounts taken up differed markedly between species and these differences were reproducible on replanting. Uptake by setaria (Setaria anceps) and siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum) exceeded that by Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) and lucerne (Medicago sativa), except for one swelling clay soil from which uptake by lucerne equalled that by siratro. Most of the differences between species were attributed to the uptake of initially non-exchangeable potassium, which was removed in significant amounts from three of the soils. For these three soils, uptake from non-exchangeable sources was detected only after about 80% of the exchangeable potassium had been removed. It is postulated that the efficiency of plant removal of non-exchangeable potassium from soil is directly related to the degree to which plant roots can lower the concentration of potassium in the soil solution.

Tropical grass/legume pastures in Northern Rhodesia

1962 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
N Level ◽  
N Yield ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Tropical Grass ◽  
Leaf N

Three grass/legume pastures were evaluated under Northern Rhodesian conditions.A plot trial measured the herbage yields of Stylosanthes gracilis, velvet beans (Stizolobium deeringianum) and giant Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) grown as pure stands, and in a mixed association with Rhodes grass. The herbage was harvested for 3 years, and the plots were then planted with a maize crop to test any residual effects.After the establishment year, the D.M. yields, and especially the C.P. yields of the legume and grass/legume treatments, were markedly superior to grass alone. The increased yield of the grass/legume mixtures was due to the net gain contributed by legume herbage. There was no evidence of an underground transference of N from the legume to the associated grass.Although there was no measurable treatment effect on soil N and C, the maize following the legume and grass/legume treatments had a higher leaf N level, and approximately double the yield, compared with the maize following the grass-alone treatments.There were no significant differences in cattle weight gains when Rhodes grass alone, Rhodes grass/Stylosanthes, Rhodes grass/velvet beans, and Rhodes grass/pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan) were utilized as hay and foggage in the dry season.Digestibility trials showed mature Rhodes grass hay to be a submaintenance feed, deficient in dietary protein. The addition of Stylosanthes raised the herbage digestible C.P. fourfold. The Rhodes grass/Stylosanthes hay was a maintenance feed.The N yield of the grass/legume mixtures, although low by temperate standards, was 2½ times the N yield of grass alone. The potential value of a tropical grass/legume pasture will depend on the efficiency of the legume to fix N.

Effect of leucaena supplementation level, and provision of urea, on utilisation by sheep of Rhodes grass hay

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. W. Karda ◽  
G. McL. Dryden
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Microbial Nitrogen ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Ruminal Degradation ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Tarramba leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala cv. Tarramba) foliage had per kilogram dry matter, 169 g protein and 29.8 g condensed tannins. Its value as a supplement, given either with or without urea, to sheep given a low-quality Callide Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana cv. Callide) hay was studied. Six rumen fistulated sheep (mean s.d. liveweight, 34 1.4 kg) were used to compare 6 dietary treatments in an incomplete latin square design. Rhodes grass hay was given ad libitum either alone, or with urea 7 g/day (U), or with leucaena 150 g/day (L150), or leucaena with urea (L150U), or leucaena 300 g/day (L300), or leucaena with urea (L300U). Digestible organic matter intake was increased significantly by leucaena supplementation although digestibility of the whole diet did not alter. Rumen fluid ammonia-N was not altered by leucaena supplementation, but was increased by urea. This suggests that Tarramba foliage protein has some resistance to ruminal degradation. Liquid and solids passage rates were not affected by the treatments. Microbial nitrogen supply to the intestine (g/day), and the efficiency of microbial nitrogen synthesis (g/kg organic matter apparently digested in the rumen), were increased by leucaena supplementation (P<0.01). Microbial protein synthesis was the only response in which 300 g/day air-dry Tarramba foliage gave improved results over 150 g/day.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Rhodes Grass (Chloris gayana) Genotypes for Their Salt Tolerance, Biomass Yield and Nutrient Composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashenafi Worku Daba ◽  
Asad Sarwar Qureshi ◽  
Bethel Nekir Nisaren
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
The Impact

The livestock productivity in Ethiopia is seriously constrained by the shortage of fodder due to increasing soil salinization. Therefore, restoration of salt-affected lands into productive soils through salt-tolerant forages and improved irrigation and crop management practices is crucial for enhancing the productivity of the livestock sector in Ethiopia. In this three-year study, pot trials were conducted to evaluate the impact of five different soil salinity levels (i.e., 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 dS m−1) on plant growth, biomass production, and nutrient quality attributes of three Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) genotypes (ILRI-6633, ILRI-7384, CV-massaba). Increasing soil salinity negatively affected germination percentage (GP) and mean germination time (MGT) of all genotypes. For all salinity levels, the highest GP was observed for ILRI-6633 and the lowest for CV-massaba. Plant height and chlorophyll content for ILRI-6633 was higher than the other two genotypes. The crude protein (CP) content was higher in low dry matter-producing genotype (ILRI-7384). The performance of ILRI-6633 at all salinity levels was superior to the other two genotypes. CV-massaba genotype performed better under low to medium soil salinity conditions. Therefore, ILRI-6633 and CV-massaba genotypes have excellent potential to increase forage production in salt-affected areas of Ethiopia.

Effects of flood irrigation and plant growth on two riverine soils

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
KP Barley ◽  
AL Tisdall
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Water Stable Aggregates ◽  
Electrolyte Content ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Chloris Gayana Kunth

Two soils which contained significant proportions of exchangeable sodium were frequently irrigated during summer with water of low electrolyte content. When all vegetation was removed the soils became very unstable in water. When the natural vegetation was left intact the stability and structure of the soils did not deteriorate despite frequent irrigation. When the amount of vegetation was increased by sowing Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth) and supplying nitrogen and phosphorus the stability of the soil increased. After 8 years' growth of Rhodes grass the top inch of soil contained 30–40 per cent. of water-stable aggregates greater than 1 mm in diameter, compared with a content of 10–20 per cent. in virgin soil. Thus, the protective effect of the organic matter added to the soil by plant growth more than compensated for aggregate disruption caused by flood wetting or by a reduction in electrolyte content of the soil solution.

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