Atmospheric fallout in the vicinity of a base metal smelter at Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1513-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Franzin ◽  
Gordon A. McFarlane ◽  
Andrew Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Atmospheric Fallout ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
Metal Smelter

The chemical and physical characteristics of heavy metals in humus and till in the vicinity of the base metal smelter at Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada

1998 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Henderson ◽  
I. McMartin ◽  
G. E. Hall ◽  
J. B. Percival ◽  
D. A. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
Metal Smelter

Impact of a base metal smelter on the geochemistry of soils of the Flin Flon region, Manitoba and Saskatchewan

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
I McMartin ◽  
P J Henderson ◽  
E Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Anthropogenic Contamination ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Total Metal ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
Metal Smelter

The regional dispersal patterns of six trace metals (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) emitted from the base metal smelter at Flin Flon were examined in surface soils and at depth, using an extensive regional geochemical database for humus and the underlying till. Humus is enriched in those elements emitted from the smelter, and regional dispersal patterns reflect the historical record of smelter contamination. The concentrations of the smelter metals decrease with increasing distance from the stack, until background values are reached, indicating atmospheric fallout from the smelter plume. Smelter contamination is generally restricted to the surface organic-rich horizons, and concentrations of smelter metals in till reflect the absence of significant contamination at depth in the upper C horizon of soils. The maximum radius of contamination varies among the major smelter metals, ranging from 70 km for Cd to 104 km for As. No direct relationship exists among emission, deposition, and sink concentrations, reflecting the complexity of factors influencing total metal concentrations in soils. Factors considered in this study include the natural geochemical signature of the underlying substrate, natural soil-forming processes such as biogeochemical enrichment in the surface organic layer and post-depositional mobilization of metals, and the variation in total metal concentrations among the different fractions and types of samples analysed. With increasing distance from the smelter, these factors become significant and the relative proportion of anthropogenic contamination in the surface terrestrial environment is more difficult to estimate.

An Examination of Cd, Cu, and Hg Concentrations in Livers of Northern Pike, Esox lucius, and White Sucker, Catostomus commersoni, from Five Lakes near a Base Metal Smelter at Flin Flon, Manitoba

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1573-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. McFarlane ◽  
W. G. Franzin
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Northern Pike ◽  
Esox Lucius ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Pike Esox Lucius ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Metal Smelter

Concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Hg were examined in livers of northern pike (Esox lucius) and white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) from five lakes in the vicinity of, and receiving metal fallout from, a base metal smelter complex at Flin Flon, Manitoba. Concentrations of Cd in livers increased with increasing age in both species. Concentrations of Cu and Hg increased with age only in pike livers. The relationships of metal concentration to fish age were not consistent with the degree of contamination in lakes. Ca concentration of lake waters appeared to affect liver metal concentrations.Key words: Ca, Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg, white suckers, northern pike, bioaccumulation, smelter fallout.

Heavy-Metal Contamination by Atmospheric Fallout of Several Flin Flon Area Lakes and the Relation to Fish Populations

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Van Loon ◽  
R. J. Beamish
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Atmospheric Fallout ◽  
High Zinc ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
High Concentrations

High concentrations of zinc and other heavy metals were found in lakes in the immediate vicinity of the Flin Flon smelters. In a study of 31 lakes, 7 had Zn levels above 100 μg/ℓ, 6 had levels between 50 and 100 μg/ℓ, and the remainder had concentrations < 50 μg/ℓ. The accuracy and precision of the heavy metal chemical analyses were evaluated using intercomparisons with other laboratories and a standard reference water. A linear relationship was demonstrated between log10 concentration of Zn, Cu, and SO42− and log10 distance from the smelter, suggesting atmospheric fallout as the main source of these substances in the lakes. Fishes were more tolerant of these high zinc concentrations than would be expected on the basis of the responses of fish and other aquatic organisms to similar concentrations of zinc in some laboratory toxicity tests. Key words: heavy metals, zinc, atmospheric fallout, fish toxicity, lake contamination, chemical analysis, Flin Flon, Canada

Effect of annealing treatment on the crystallisation and leaching of dumped base metal smelter slags

2010 ◽  
Vol 183 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 294-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasonde Maweja ◽  
Tshikele Mukongo ◽  
Richard K. Mbaya ◽  
Emela A. Mochubele
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Metal Smelter
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