Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Swiss National Policy on Reducing Micropollutants in Treated Wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (21) ◽  
pp. 12500-12508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Logar ◽  
Roy Brouwer ◽  
Max Maurer ◽  
Christoph Ort
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Benefit Analysis

scholarly journals Fetal Down syndrome screening models for developing countries; Part II: Cost-benefit analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanane Wanapirak ◽  
Piyaluk Buddhawongsa ◽  
Woraluck Himakalasa ◽  
Auttapan Sarnwong ◽  
Theera Tongsong
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Secondary Screening

Abstract Background To identify the most cost-beneficial model as a national policy of screening and diagnosis of fetal Down syndrome (DS) in developing countries. Methods Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) was performed based on the effectiveness and probabilities derived from a large prospective study on MSS (maternal serum screening) among Thai population. Various models including maternal age alone, STS (second trimester screen), I-S (independent screen: first or second trimester screen depending on the time of first visit), C-S (contingent serum screen) plus STS, maternal age with NIPS (non-invasive prenatal test), STS alone with NIPS, I-S with NIPS, C-S plus STS with NIPS, and Universal NIPS were compared. Results I-S with NIPS as a secondary screening was most cost-beneficial (Benefit/Cost ratio 4.28). Cost-benefit is directly related to the costs of NIPS. Conclusion In addition to simplicity and feasibility, I-S with expensive NIPS as a secondary screening is the most cost-beneficial method for low resource settings and should be included in universal healthcare coverage as a national policy. This study could be a model for developing countries or a guideline for international health organizations to help low resource countries, probably leading to a paradigm shift in prenatal diagnosis of fetal DS in the developing world.

scholarly journals Assessing Reclaimed Urban Wastewater for Reuse in Agriculture: Technical and Economic Concerns for Mediterranean Regions

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Giannoccaro ◽  
Stefania Arborea ◽  
Bernardo C. de Gennaro ◽  
Vito Iacobellis ◽  
A. Ferruccio Piccinni
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Irrigation Season ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
Reuse Of Treated Wastewater

Direct reuse of treated wastewater can offer a realistic supply alternative for irrigation in Mediterranean areas. In this study, we conducted a spatial cost-benefit analysis to quantify and locate the volume of technically and economically feasible and readily available reclaimed urban wastewater. We considered the case of Puglia (Italy) and the results are discussed in terms of the implications for policy-making and pointing out future research needs. The results showed that the main technical barrier is the shortness of the irrigation season. On the other hand, the main economic concern is related to filtration followed by lack of conveyance systems. While our results are based on estimates, future research should try to include practical experiments based on actual data. Further research should also address the issue of transaction costs by establishing the obligations of wastewater treatment plants to deliver reclaimed water to farmers.

The Use of Cost-Benefit Analysis for Evaluating Efficiency of Public Investment Projects (The Case of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic Games)

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
I. Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Usa

The paper analyzes shortcomings of economic impact studies based mainly on input- output models that are often employed in Russia as well as abroad. Using studies about sport events in the USA and Olympic Games that took place during the last 30 years we reveal advantages of the cost-benefit analysis approach in obtaining unbiased assessments of public investments efficiency; the step-by-step method of cost-benefit analysis is presented in the paper as well. We employ the project of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Russia to evaluate its efficiency using cost-benefit analysis for five accounts (areas of impact), namely government, households, environment, economic development, and social development, and calculate the net present value of the project taking into account its possible alternatives. In conclusion we suggest several policy directions that would enhance public investment efficiency within the Sochi-2014 Olympics.

Hostile Takeovers and Anti-takeover Defenses in the Russian Corporate Market

2007 ◽  
pp. 70-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Demidova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Hostile Takeovers ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Takeover Defenses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
European Markets

This article analyzes definitions and the role of hostile takeovers at the Russian and European markets for corporate control. It develops the methodology of assessing the efficiency of anti-takeover defenses adapted to the conditions of the Russian market. The paper uses the cost-benefit analysis, where the costs and benefits of the pre-bid and post-bid defenses are compared.

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