Pyrosequencing Reveals Bacterial Communities in Unchlorinated Drinking Water Distribution System: An Integral Study of Bulk Water, Suspended Solids, Loose Deposits, and Pipe Wall Biofilm

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 5467-5476 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Liu ◽  
G. L. Bakker ◽  
S. Li ◽  
J. H. G. Vreeburg ◽  
J. Q. J. C. Verberk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution System ◽  
Loose Deposits ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Organic matter as loose deposits in a drinking water distribution system

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1014-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Gauthier ◽  
Bernadette Gérard ◽  
Jean-Marie Portal ◽  
Jean-Claude Block ◽  
Dominique Gatel
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution System ◽  
Loose Deposits ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Detection ofAeromonas hydrophilain a drinking- water distribution system: a field and pilot study

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 782-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Chauret ◽  
Christian Volk ◽  
Robin Creason ◽  
John Jarosh ◽  
Jeff Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution System ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

A 16-month study was conducted on the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila in drinking water in Indiana, U.S.A. Enumeration was conducted in source water, in various sites within a water treatment plant, and in the distribution system in both bulk water and biofilm, as well as in a simulated (annular reactors) drinking-water distribution system. Presumptive Aeromonas spp. counts on source waters regularly approached 103–104CFU/100 mL, during summer months and granular activated carbon - filtered water counts ranged from <1 to 490 CFU/100 mL. In source water, presumptive Aeromonas levels were related to water temperature. Aeromonas hydrophila was never detected in the treatment plant effluent or distributed bulk water, showing disinfectant efficiency on suspended bacteria; however, isolates of A. hydrophila were identified in 7.7% of the biofilm samples, indicating a potential for regrowth and contamination of drinking-water distribution systems.Key words: Aeromonas hydrophila, distribution system, biofilm.

scholarly journals Identification of Bacteria in Biofilm and Bulk Water Samples from a Nonchlorinated Model Drinking Water Distribution System: Detection of a Large Nitrite-Oxidizing Population Associated with Nitrospira spp

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 8611-8617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam C. Martiny ◽  
Hans-Jørgen Albrechtsen ◽  
Erik Arvin ◽  
Søren Molin
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution System ◽  
Assimilable Organic Carbon ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

ABSTRACT In a model drinking water distribution system characterized by a low assimilable organic carbon content (<10 μg/liter) and no disinfection, the bacterial community was identified by a phylogenetic analysis of rRNA genes amplified from directly extracted DNA and colonies formed on R2A plates. Biofilms of defined periods of age (14 days to 3 years) and bulk water samples were investigated. Culturable bacteria were associated with Proteobacteria and Bacteriodetes, whereas independently of cultivation, bacteria from 12 phyla were detected in this system. These included Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes, and Verrucomicrobia, some of which have never been identified in drinking water previously. A cluster analysis of the population profiles from the individual samples divided biofilms and bulk water samples into separate clusters (P = 0.027). Bacteria associated with Nitrospira moscoviensis were found in all samples and encompassed 39% of the sequenced clones in the bulk water and 25% of the biofilm community. The close association with Nitrospira suggested that a large part of the population had an autotrophic metabolism using nitrite as an electron donor. To test this hypothesis, nitrite was added to biofilm and bulk water samples, and the utilization was monitored during 15 days. A first-order decrease in nitrite concentration was observed for all samples with a rate corresponding to 0.5 × 105 to 2 × 105 nitrifying cells/ml in the bulk water and 3 × 105 cells/cm2 on the pipe surface. The finding of an abundant nitrite-oxidizing microbial population suggests that nitrite is an important substrate in this system, potentially as a result of the low assimilable organic carbon concentration. This finding implies that microbial communities in water distribution systems may control against elevated nitrite concentrations but also contain large indigenous populations that are capable of assisting the depletion of disinfection agents like chloramines.

scholarly journals Mapping Dynamics of Bacterial Communities in a Full-Scale Drinking Water Distribution System Using Flow Cytometry

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Schleich ◽  
Sandy Chan ◽  
Kristjan Pullerits ◽  
Michael D. Besmer ◽  
Catherine J. Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Time Correlation ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution System ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Microbial monitoring of drinking water is required to guarantee high quality water and to mitigate health hazards. Flow cytometry (FCM) is a fast and robust method that determines bacterial concentrations in liquids. In this study, FCM was applied to monitor the dynamics of the bacterial communities over one year in a full-scale drinking water distribution system (DWDS), following implementation of ultrafiltration (UF) combined with coagulation at the drinking water treatment plant (DWTP). Correlations between the environmental conditions in the DWDS and microbial regrowth were observed, including increases in total cell counts with increasing retention time (correlation coefficient R = 0.89) and increasing water temperature (up to 5.24-fold increase in cell counts during summer). Temporal and spatial biofilm dynamics affecting the water within the DWDS were also observed, such as changes in the percentage of high nucleic acid bacteria with increasing retention time (correlation coefficient R = −0.79). FCM baselines were defined for specific areas in the DWDS to support future management strategies in this DWDS, including a gradual reduction of chloramine.

scholarly journals The origin and risks associated with loose deposits in a drinking water distribution system

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Mussared ◽  
Rolando Fabris ◽  
Jan Vreeburg ◽  
Jenny Jelbart ◽  
Mary Drikas
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Sediment Resuspension ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution System ◽  
Dirty Water ◽  
Loose Deposits ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Abstract Sediment accumulates in distribution systems over time, and can potentially result in dirty water events. The primary origin of these particles in most networks has not been examined. Controlled sediment resuspension (flushing) events were performed at 10 sites in a drinking water distribution system and repeated six months later to observe redeposition. Different patterns of sediment deposition observed are suspected to be related to particle origin. A large proportion of pipe sediment resuspended during the first flushing event was composed of iron, most likely arising from corrosion of distribution system infrastructure. This sediment appears to play a role in sheltering microbial cells from secondary disinfection. In this study, a source of particles was identified that may provide an alternate explanation for the presence of iron deposits in systems not dominated by iron pipework.

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