scholarly journals Thermodynamic, Energy Efficiency, and Power Density Analysis of Reverse Electrodialysis Power Generation with Natural Salinity Gradients

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 4925-4936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngai Yin Yip ◽  
David A. Vermaas ◽  
Kitty Nijmeijer ◽  
Menachem Elimelech
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Salinity Gradients ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Energy

scholarly journals Theoretical power density from salinity gradients using reverse electrodialysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 170-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Vermaas ◽  
Enver Guler ◽  
Michel Saakes ◽  
Kitty Nijmeijer
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Salinity Gradients

Harvesting Natural Salinity Gradient Energy for Hydrogen Production Through Reverse Electrodialysis Power Generation

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Nazemi ◽  
Jiankai Zhang ◽  
Marta C. Hatzell
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Density ◽  
External Load ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Ionic Current ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Mixing Processes ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis

There is an enormous potential for energy generation from the mixing of sea and river water at global estuaries. Here, we model a novel approach to convert this source of energy directly into hydrogen and electricity using reverse electrodialysis (RED). RED relies on converting ionic current to electric current using multiple membranes and redox-based electrodes. A thermodynamic model for RED is created to evaluate the electricity and hydrogen which can be extracted from natural mixing processes. With equal volume of high and low concentration solutions (1 L), the maximum energy extracted per volume of solution mixed occurred when the number of membranes is reduced, with the lowest number tested here being five membrane pairs. At this operating point, 0.32 kWh/m3 is extracted as electrical energy and 0.95 kWh/m3 as hydrogen energy. This corresponded to an electrical energy conversion efficiency of 15%, a hydrogen energy efficiency of 35%, and therefore, a total mixing energy efficiency of nearly 50%. As the number of membrane pairs increases from 5 to 20, the hydrogen power density decreases from 13.6 W/m2 to 2.4 W/m2 at optimum external load. In contrast, the electrical power density increases from 0.84 W/m2 to 2.2 W/m2. Optimum operation of RED depends significantly on the external load (external device). A small load will increase hydrogen energy while decreasing electrical energy. This trade-off is critical in order to optimally operate an RED cell for both hydrogen and electricity generation.

Towards implementation of reverse electrodialysis for power generation from salinity gradients

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 182-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Post ◽  
C. H. Goeting ◽  
J. Valk ◽  
S. Goinga ◽  
J. Veerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Salinity Gradients

scholarly journals Performance of Microbial Reverse-Electrodialysis Cells for Power Generation at Different External Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117862212096008
Author(s):  
Agus Jatnika Effendi ◽  
Syarif Hidayat ◽  
Syafrudin ◽  
Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan ◽  
Candra Purnawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
External Resistance ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Electrodialysis Cell

In this study, the effect of external resistance on the microbial reverse-electrodialysis cell (MRC) performance using organic-rich wastewater as an electron donor was examined. The optimum of external resistance was determined to be 300 Ω. In such condition, the power density of 1.53 ± 0.198 W/m2, substrate removal of 52 ± 2.3%, Coulombic efficiency of 70 ± 2.6%, energy recovery of 3.0 ± 0.4%, and energy efficiency of 53 ± 7.1% were obtained in the MRC. The differences in power density at different external resistances were mainly due to the changes in internal resistance and ion flux efficiency in the MRC. The external resistance affected substrate removal and Coulombic efficiency through the length of batch cycle time, and current density exchanged as well as the Tafel slope. Furthermore, the proper external resistance applied to the reactor created high power production; thus, high energy efficiency and energy recovery were achieved. These results demonstrated that selecting proper external resistance was an essential key for a successful MRC operational.

Lamellar Porous Vermiculite Membranes for Boosting Nanofluidic Osmotic Energy Conversion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Cao ◽  
Hong Wu ◽  
Chunyang Fan ◽  
Zhiming Zhang ◽  
Benbing Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Nanofluidic Channels ◽  
Salinity Gradients ◽  
Transmembrane Resistance

Lamellar membranes with two-dimensional nanofluidic channels hold great promise in harvesting osmotic energy from salinity gradients. However, the power density is often limited by the high transmembrane resistance primarily caused...

scholarly journals Scale-up of reverse electrodialysis for energy generation from high concentration salinity gradients

2021 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. 119245
Author(s):  
A.M. Hulme ◽  
C.J. Davey ◽  
S. Tyrrel ◽  
M. Pidou ◽  
E.J. McAdam
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Salinity Gradients

ENERGY EFFICIENCY EVALUATION FOR A “GREEN” POWER GENERATION PROCESS WITH MINIMUM EFFORT ON CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE AND STORAGE

2012 ◽  
Vol 199 (12) ◽  
pp. 1642-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suttichai Assabumrungrat ◽  
Janewit Phromprasit ◽  
Siriporn Boonkrue ◽  
Worapon Kiatkittipong ◽  
Wisitsree Wiyaratn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Green Power ◽  
Energy Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
And Storage
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