Bacteriophage Inactivation by UV-A Illuminated Fullerenes: Role of Nanoparticle-Virus Association and Biological Targets

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 5963-5970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Appala Raju Badireddy ◽  
Jeffrey Farner Budarz ◽  
Shankararaman Chellam ◽  
Mark R. Wiesner
Keyword(s):  
Biological Targets

scholarly journals Regenerative Models for the Integration and Regeneration of Head Skeletal Tissues

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren Vieira ◽  
Catherine McCusker
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
Repair Mechanisms

Disease of, or trauma to, the human jaw account for thousands of reconstructive surgeries performed every year. One of the most popular and successful treatment options in this context involves the transplantation of bone tissue from a different anatomical region into the affected jaw. Although, this method has been largely successful, the integration of the new bone into the existing bone is often imperfect, and the integration of the host soft tissues with the transplanted bone can be inconsistent, resulting in impaired function. Unlike humans, several vertebrate species, including fish and amphibians, demonstrate remarkable regenerative capabilities in response to jaw injury. Therefore, with the objective of identifying biological targets to promote and engineer improved outcomes in the context of jaw reconstructive surgery, we explore, compare and contrast the natural mechanisms of endogenous jaw and limb repair and regeneration in regenerative model organisms. We focus on the role of different cell types as they contribute to the regenerating structure; how mature cells acquire plasticity in vivo; the role of positional information in pattern formation and tissue integration, and limitations to endogenous regenerative and repair mechanisms.

scholarly journals New Hybrid Pyrazole and Imidazopyrazole Antinflammatory Agents Able to Reduce ROS Production in Different Biological Targets

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Brullo ◽  
Matteo Massa ◽  
Federica Rapetti ◽  
Silvana Alfei ◽  
Maria B. Bertolotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Hybrid Molecules ◽  
Independent Mechanism ◽  
Catechol Moiety

Several anti-inflammatory agents based on pyrazole and imidazopyrazole scaffolds and a large library of substituted catechol PDE4D inhibitors were reported by us in the recent past. To obtain new molecules potentially able to act on different targets involved in inflammation onset we designed and synthesized a series of hybrid compounds by linking pyrazole and imidazo-pyrazole scaffolds to differently decorated catechol moieties through an acylhydrazone chain. Some compounds showed antioxidant activity, inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation in neutrophils, and a good inhibition of phosphodiesterases type 4D and, particularly, type 4B, the isoform most involved in inflammation. In addition, most compounds inhibited ROS production also in platelets, confirming their ability to exert an antiinflammatory response by two independent mechanism. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) analyses evidenced that both heterocyclic scaffolds (pyrazole and imidazopyrazole) and the substituted catechol moiety were determinant for the pharmacodynamic properties, even if hybrid molecules bearing to the pyrazole series were more active than the imidazopyrazole ones. In addition, the pivotal role of the catechol substituents has been analyzed. In conclusion the hybridization approach gave a new serie of multitarget antiinflammatory compounds, characterized by a strong antioxidant activity in different biological targets.

scholarly journals A Role for Non-Antimicrobial Actions of Tetracyclines in Combating Oxidative Stress in Periodontal and Metabolic Diseases: A Literature Review

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Soory
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Matrix Synthesis ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Chemically Modified Tetracyclines ◽  
Inflammatory Burden

This review addresses the role of adjunctive tetracycline therapy in the management of periodontal diseases and its efficacy in reducing inflammatory burden, oxidative stress and its sequelae in patients with coexisting features of metabolic syndrome. Removal of the dimethylamine group at C4 of the tetracycline molecule reduces its antibiotic properties, enhancing its non-antimicrobial actions; this strategy has aided the development of several chemically modified tetracyclines such as minocycline and doxycycline, by altering different regions of the molecule for focused action on biological targets. Tetracyclines are effective in reducing inflammation by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases, preventing excessive angiogenesis, inhibiting apoptosis and stimulating bone formation. There are important applications for tetracyclines in the management of diabetic, dyslipidaemic periodontal patients who smoke. The diverse mechanisms of action of tetracyclines in overcoming oxidative stress and enhancing matrix synthesis are discussed in this review.

scholarly journals The Role of miRNA in Ovarian Cancer: an Overview

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihui Zhao ◽  
Xiaolei Liang ◽  
Liyan Wang ◽  
Xuehong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Rna Degradation ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Translation Inhibition ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Prognostic Prediction

AbstractOvarian cancer (OC) is a highly malignant disease that seriously threatens women’s health and poses challenges for clinicians. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been intensively studied in the field of oncology due to their regulatory roles in gene expressions through RNA degradation and/or translation inhibition. This review summarizes the current studies on miRNAs in OC and introduces the latest updates of miRNAs in the early screening, treatment, and prognostic prediction of OC, thereby demonstrating the clinical significance of miRNAs in OC. Further exploration on potential targets of miRNAs in OC may provide new insights on optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of OC. MiRNAs are important driving factors for the progression of OC and the dysregulation of miRNAs can serve as biomarkers in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of OC. Therefore, miRNAs are potential biological targets for early screening, targeted therapy, drug resistance monitoring, and prognosis improvement in malignancies such as OC.

Cyclic Phosphopeptides to Rationalize the Role of Phosphoamino Acids in Uranyl Binding to Biological Targets

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (22) ◽  
pp. 5281-5290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Starck ◽  
Fanny A. Laporte ◽  
Stephane Oros ◽  
Nathalie Sisommay ◽  
Vicky Gathu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Targets ◽  
Phosphoamino Acids

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

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