Comparison of Daytime and Nighttime Concentration Profiles and Size Distributions of Ultrafine Particles near a Major Highway

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 2531-2536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifang Zhu ◽  
Thomas Kuhn ◽  
Paul Mayo ◽  
William C. Hinds
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Major Highway

scholarly journals Nonvolatile ultrafine particles observed to form trimodal size distributions in non-road diesel engine exhaust

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1345-1358
Author(s):  
Heino Kuuluvainen ◽  
Panu Karjalainen ◽  
Erkka Saukko ◽  
Teemu Ovaska ◽  
Katriina Sirviö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Diesel Engine Exhaust

scholarly journals Nanoparticle Behaviour in an Urban Street Canyon at Different Heights and Implications on Indoor Respiratory Doses

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manigrasso ◽  
Protano ◽  
Vitali ◽  
Avino
Keyword(s):  
Street Canyon ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Total Daily Dose ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Ground Floor ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Indoor Aerosol

The amount of outdoor particles that indoor environments receive depends on the particle infiltration factors (Fin), peculiar of each environment, and on the outdoor aerosol concentrations and size distributions. The respiratory doses received, while residing indoor, will change accordingly. This study aims to ascertain to what extent such doses are affected by the vertical distance from the traffic sources. Particle number size distributions have been simultaneously measured at street level and at about 20 m height in a street canyon in downtown Rome. The same Fin have been adopted to estimate indoor aerosol concentrations, due to the infiltration of outdoor particles and then the relevant daily respiratory doses. Aerosol concentrations at ground floor were more than double than at 20 m height and richer in ultrafine particles. Thus, although aerosol infiltration efficiency was on average higher at 20 m height than at ground floor, particles more abundantly infiltrated at ground level. On a daily basis, this involved a 2.5-fold higher dose at ground level than at 20 m height. At both levels, such doses were greater than those estimated over the period of activity of some indoor aerosol sources; therefore, they represent an important contribution to the total daily dose.

scholarly journals Intercomparison of four different cascade impactors for fine and ultrafine particle sampling in two European locations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Fonseca ◽  
N. Talbot ◽  
J. Schwarz ◽  
J. Ondráček ◽  
V. Ždímal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Ultrafine Particle ◽  
Personal Exposure ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Internal Reference ◽  
Particle Sampling ◽  
Mass Size ◽  
Cascade Impactors ◽  
Mass Concentrations

Abstract. Due to the need to better characterise the ultrafine particles fraction and related personal exposure, several impactors have been developed to enable the collection of ultrafine particles (<100 nm). However, to the authors’ kno wledge there have been no field campaigns to-date intercomparing impactor collection of ultrafine particles. The purpose of this study was two-fold: 1) to assess the performance of a number of conventional and nano-range cascade impactors with regard to the particle mass size distribution under different environmental conditions and aerosol loads and types, and 2) to characterise aerosol size distributions including ultrafine particles using impactors in 2 European locations. The impactors used were: (i) Berner low-pressure impactor (BLPI; 26 nm - 13.5 μm), (ii) nano-Berner low-pressure impactor (nano-BLPI; 11 nm - 1.95 μm) and (iii) Nano-microorifice uniform deposit impactor (nano-Moudi; 10 nm-18 μm), and (iv) Personal cascade impactor Sioutas (PCIS; <250 nm - 10 μm). Taking the BLPI as an internal reference, the best agreement regarding mass size distributions was obtained with the nano-BLPI, independently of the aerosol load and aerosol chemical composition. The nano-Moudi showed a good agreement for part icle sizes >320 nm, whereas for particle diameters <320 nm this instrument recorded larger mass concentrations in outdoor air than the internal reference. This difference could be due to particle bounce, to the dissociation of semi volatiles in the coarser stages and/or to particle shrinkage during transport through the impactor due to higher temperature inside this impactor. Further research is needed to understand this behaviour. With regard to the PCIS, their size-resolved mass concentrations were compar able with other impactors for PM1, PM2 and PM10, but the cut-off at 250 nm did not seem to be consistent with that of the internal reference.

scholarly journals A Laboratory Comparison of Emission Factors, Number Size Distributions, and Morphology of Ultrafine Particles from 11 Different Household Cookstove-Fuel Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 6522-6532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guofeng Shen ◽  
Chethan K. Gaddam ◽  
Seth M. Ebersviller ◽  
Randy L. Vander Wal ◽  
Craig Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Size Distributions

scholarly journals Particle number concentrations and size distribution in a polluted megacity: The Delhi Aerosol Supersite study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Gani ◽  
Sahil Bhandari ◽  
Kanan Patel ◽  
Sarah Seraj ◽  
Prashant Soni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Particle Size Distributions ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Abstract. The Indian national capital, Delhi, routinely experiences some of the world's highest urban particulate matter concentrations. While fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass concentrations in Delhi are at least an order of magnitude higher than in many western cities, the particle number (PN) concentrations are not similarly elevated. Here we report on 1.25 years of highly time resolved particle size distributions (PSD) data in the size range of 12–560 nm. We observed that the large number of accumulation mode particles – that constitute most of the PM2.5 mass – also contributed substantially to the PN concentrations. The ultrafine particles (UFP, Dp 

scholarly journals Frequency of new particle formation events in the urban Mediterranean climate

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 26463-26494 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brines ◽  
M. Dall'Osto ◽  
D. C. S. Beddows ◽  
R. M. Harrison ◽  
F. Gómez-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
New Particle Formation

Abstract. Road traffic emissions are often considered the main source of ultrafine particles (UFP, diameter smaller than 100 nm) in urban environments. However, recent studies have shown that – in southern European urban regions at least – new particle formation events can also contribute to UFP. In order to quantify such events we systematically studied four cities with a Mediterranean climate: Barcelona, Madrid, Rome and Los Angeles. The city of Brisbane is also included in our study due to its similar climate. Five long term datasets (from 3 months to 2 years) of fine and ultrafine particle number size distributions (measured by SMPS, Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer) were analysed. By applying k-Means clustering analysis, we categorized the collected aerosol size distributions in four main classes: "Traffic" (prevailing 41–63% of the time), "Background Pollution" (6–53%), "Nucleation" (6–33%) and "Specific case" (7–20%) the latter being site specific. The daily variation of the average UFP concentrations for a typical nucleation day at each site revealed a similar pattern for all cities, with three distinct particle bursts. A morning and an evening spike reflected traffic rush hours, whereas a third one at midday showed new particle formation events. This work shows that the average occurrence of particle size spectra dominated by new particle formation events was 18% of the time, showing the importance of this process as a source of UFP in the Mediterranean urban atmosphere. Furthermore, in a number of the studied cities, particle number concentration averaged daily profiles for the whole study periods clearly showed the same three particle bursts. This reveals nucleation events as a relevant contributor to the average daily urban exposure to UFP in Mediterranean urban environments.

Study of ultrafine particles near a major highway with heavy-duty diesel traffic

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (27) ◽  
pp. 4323-4335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifang Zhu ◽  
William C Hinds ◽  
Seongheon Kim ◽  
Si Shen ◽  
Constantinos Sioutas
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Major Highway
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