Alkaline Hydrolysis/Polymerization of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene:  Characterization of Products by13C and15N NMR

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2224-2231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Thorn ◽  
Philip G. Thorne ◽  
Larry G. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Hydrolysis

scholarly journals Characterization of sedimentary humic matter by alkaline hydrolysis

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Bourbonniere ◽  
Philip A. Meyers
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Humic Matter

Identification and structural characterization of four novel degradation products and a process impurity of isavuconazonium sulfate for injection formulation bulk by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
Venkata Rama Prabhakara Sastry Regella ◽  
Venkatesan Chidambaram Subramanian ◽  
Sarveswara Sastry Bhetanabhotla
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Light Conditions

Isavuconazonium sulfate is a highly water-soluble pro-drug of active triazole isavuconazole. The degradation profile of isavuconazonium sulfate for injection formulation bulk under acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, oxidation, heat, and light conditions was studied using LC-PDA/MS technique. Four degradation products (DP1 to DP4) and one process impurity (PI1) were identified in isavuconazonium sulfate formulation bulk and characterized the identified impurities by liquid chromatography-electron spray ionization-quadruple-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. Isavuconazole (DP1) was found to be one of the major degradation products of isavuconazonium sulfate.

Characterization of lignin residues derived from the alkaline hydrolysis of glycol lignin

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Thring ◽  
Esteban Chornet ◽  
Jean Bouchard ◽  
Pierre F. Vidal ◽  
Ralph P. Overend
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Absorption Intensity ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bonds ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
C Nmr

Lignin residues from the alkaline hydrolysis of solvolytic lignin have been characterized by elemental analysis, size exclusion chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13C NMR, and for methoxyl content. All lignin residues were found to have higher carbon and lower oxygen contents than the original glycol lignin. Methoxyl contents decreased with increasing severity of treatment. All treated lignins have lower molecular weights than the original, which is indicative of the extensive depolymerization of glycol lignin by alkaline hydrolysis. The appearance of new bands in the 3050–2800 cm−1 and 900–800 cm−1 regions in the infrared spectra along with increasing absorption intensity under more severe conditions demonstrates that, despite the tendency to depolymerization, new carbon–carbon bonds are formed due to repolymerization reactions. 13C NMR revealed that extensive cleavage of the side chains and β-O-4 interunit linkages had occurred during alkaline hydrolysis and that the new bonds formed due to condensation reactions at higher severities are of the methine, methylene, methyl and carboxyl types. Keywords: residual lignins, alkaline hydrolysis, characterization.

Characterization of silicone phases by alkaline hydrolysis and CGC analysis

1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 513-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Temmerman ◽  
P. Sandra ◽  
M. Verzele
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Hydrolysis

AN ASSAY PROCEDURE AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A FACTOR IN YEAST AUTOLYSATE ESSENTIAL FOR THE GROWTH OF ACETOBACTER GLUCONICUM STRAIN 2G

1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Goldman ◽  
W. Litsky ◽  
M. Mandel ◽  
H. N. Little
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Ethyl Ether ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Partial Characterization ◽  
Yeast Autolysate ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
Cationic Resin ◽  
Unknown Factor ◽  
Growth Promoting

An assay procedure is described for an unknown factor in yeast autolysate essential for the growth of the assay organism, Acetobacter gluconicum strain 2G. The experimental evidence appears to suggest the following characteristics for the substance or substances in yeast autolysate: unaffected by acid or alkaline hydrolysis; more soluble in alcohol and acetone than chloroform; extractable by ethyl ether at pH 2.0, but not at pH 10; and growth-promoting activity is associated with material adsorbed by an anionic but not by a cationic resin. The evidence appears to indicate that the growth-promoting activity in yeast autolysate is associated with acidic substances.

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Nanocellulose from Eragrostis Teff Straw

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebise Getacho Bacha ◽  
Hundessa Dessalegn Demsash
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Thermogravimetry Analysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Nano Cellulose

Abstract This work presents the extraction and characterization of nanocellulose from agricultural waste (Eragrostis Teff) straw. The proximate analysis of the straw was done with three triplicates and the average value was recorded. The moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon content were 6.4%, 5.1%, 74.2%, and 15.6%, respectively. The extractives, lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose content were found to be 8.5%, 17.5%, 29.5%, 36.5%, respectively. The cellulose was extracted from teff straw by hot water treatment, acid-chlorite delignification, and alkaline hydrolysis process respectively. The values of process parameters such as temperature, time, and sodium hydroxide concentration for alkaline hydrolysis were 57.6 \(℃\) , 1hour, and 4(w/v) % respectively to obtain a cellulose yield of 78.7%. The nano cellulose particles were extracted from the cellulose by acid hydrolysis process (48%v/v sulfuric acid) at 35\(℃\) for 30 min and the yield was 42.8%. The characterization of nano cellulose was done by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, x-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetry analysis/ derivative thermogravimetry analysis to determine the functional group, particle size distribution, crystallinity, and thermal stability respectively. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy result shows that the reduction and total removal of lignin, hemicellulose, and other amorphous parts found in teff straw. The average particle size was found to be 101.6 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.047. The crystallinity index of teff straw and nano cellulose was 47.7 and 77.1% respectively. The thermogravimetry analysis shows the thermal stability of the nanocellulose sample was lower than that of cellulose and teff straw samples.

scholarly journals Separation and Characterization of Subunits of Ribulose Diphosphate Carboxylase

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 747 ◽  
Author(s):  
KE Moon ◽  
EOP Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Aging Effect ◽  
Ribulose Diphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Covalently Bound

Phenolic compounds covalently bound to macromolecules occur in wheat flour and are released by acid or alkaline hydrolysis. It is concluded that changes in phenolic compounds may partly account for the aging effect in flours

A METHOD FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE MONO-O-METHYLGLUCOSES

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 814-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. U. Lemieux ◽  
H. F. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Periodate oxidation of any one mono-O-methylglucopyranose and alkaline hydrolysis of the product yields a substance which can be positively distinguished by paper chromatography from the products formed under the same conditions from the other mono-O-methylglucopyranoses. Thus, the components of a mixture of the mono-O-methylglucopyranoses can be readily identified. The method appears useful for the identification of di-O-methylglucoses. Reduction with sodium borohydride prior to periodate oxidation renders the method useful for the identification of tri-O-methylglucoses. The potential value of the method, which can be used on a microscale, is illustrated by an application to the characterization of the O-methylglucoses derived from a water-soluble O-methyl-cellulose

Carbohydrate structures of quail ovomucoid. Characterization of degraded oligosaccharides produced during alkaline hydrolysis of the asparaginyl-N-acetylglucosamine linkage

1990 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefa María Alonso ◽  
Patrick Boulenguer ◽  
Jean-Michel Wieruszeski ◽  
Yves Leroy ◽  
Jean Montreuil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of
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