Determining an acceptable level of risk

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 873-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis C. Travis ◽  
Holly A. Hattemer-Frey
Keyword(s):  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Level Of Risk

DIGITAL ECONOMY AS A BASIS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
М.В. Свирина
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Security System ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Complete Elimination ◽  
Level Of Risk

В данной статье рассматриваются особенности функционирования цифровой экономики в современных условиях. В условиях цифровой экономики полное устранение опасности или риска неизбежно влечет за собой отказ от дополнительных возможностей развития экономики. Поэтому при построении системы безопасности необходимо определить приемлемый уровень риска как с точки зрения его управляемости и предсказуемости, так и возможных последствий. This article discusses the features of the functioning of the digital economy in modern conditions. In the digital economy, the complete elimination of danger or risk inevitably entails the rejection of additional opportunities for economic development. Therefore, when building a security system, it is necessary to determine an acceptable level of risk, both in terms of its controllability and predictability, as well as possible consequences.

scholarly journals The Use of Predictive Maintenance in the Production Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta NAPIERAJ
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Predictive Maintenance ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Machine Reliability ◽  
Level Of Risk

Failures are a problem for every company that causes the plant to stop working and thus incur losses. It is therefore obvious thatcompanies want to eliminate unplanned downtime in the production process. In the wake of the still increasing demands in termsof productivity and safety requirements, cost reduction, the industry is forced to seek the optimum between economic requirementsand an acceptable level of risk in terms of security. Modern factories equipped with computerized processes and extensive diagnostictools often do not use all the information that is collected from the hardware level. It happens that some of the relationshipsbetween events are often overlooked or neglected.The article presents an approach to increasing machine reliability through predictive data analysis. The assumptions of the predictiveand preventive maintenance methods are presented. The threats and possibilities offered by this methodology implemented inthe production process are presented.

scholarly journals Cluster analysis and individual anthropogenic risk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Moskvichev ◽  
U.S. Postnikova ◽  
O.V. Taseiko
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Mathematical Approach ◽  
Multivariate Statistic ◽  
General Basis ◽  
Territorial Group ◽  
Level Of Risk

Models and assessment methods of anthropogenic risk are analyzed at this article, general basis of mathematical approach for risk analysis is disclosed. Based on multivariate statistic methods, algorithm of analysis for Siberian territories safety is formulated, it allows to define acceptable level of risk for each territorial group (cities with population density more than 70 000, towns with population less than 70 000, and municipals areas).

Risk Communication, A Component of an Integrated Risk Management Process for Pipeline Operators

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. DeGagne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
External View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Integrated Risk ◽  
Risk Management Process ◽  
Integrated Risk Management ◽  
Level Of Risk

It is essential in today’s socio-economic environment that pipeline operators adopt and utilize a comprehensive approach to managing technical, environmental, economic and public safety risks associated with their business. Clearly, this type of approach to risk management would be integrated and include a variety of considerations. For example, one is the technical assessment of the level of safety or risk inherent within the system itself. Another, is the external view held of that system. While the physical system and its associated risk can be identified, evaluated and to some extent controlled, the external view of the risk, however, is an entirely different matter. Making important decisions about risk requires that both the external and internal views be in agreement. When this is not the case, an integrated management plan needs to include a risk communication component. Simply, risk communication is the purposeful exchange of information about the existence, nature, form, severity or acceptability of risks.1 An effective risk communication strategy will be able to gauge the political and social reaction to a project. If pipeline operators try to establish what a project’s acceptable level of risk is without a purposeful exchange of information with the community the effort will likely fail. The need to look at the “big picture” is paramount. All factors which affect the outcome of the project need to be understood and, in some way, contribute meaningfully to the final product. The most overlooked aspect in risk management is the qualitative assessment of “how does the public perceive the risk?”. Risk analysts use many basic technical assumptions in their risk assessments. They allow their training and faith in the science to be sufficient indicators of the real risk. The public, on the other hand, view risk from a completely different perspective and set of values. Consequently, when attempts are made to quantitatively determine “what is an acceptable level of risk” the outcome must be viewed as incomplete, lacking the critical external input. Experience suggests that the only ones who can truly determine what is an acceptable level of risk are those who must ultimately accept that risk. This is where the power of effective risk communication can play a significant role in the risk management process. While risk analysis can help in understanding the potential of a risk, effective risk communication and public outreach are necessary in understanding the perceptions and concerns of the community. It seems ironic that corporations dedicate tremendous resources deriving a mathematical estimate of risk that most in the community cannot comprehend much less believe what the numbers are supposed to tell them. This paper will help to explain the fundamentals of risk communication, its ethical use and methods for developing a strategy for outreach programs as part of an integrated risk management plan.

scholarly journals Assessment of environmental risks from atmospheric air pollution in industrially developed regions of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Nekos ◽  
Yu. V. Medvedeva ◽  
N. I. Cherkashyna
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
National Level ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Level Of Risk

Currently, atmospheric pollution is one of the main causes of premature mortality in the world. The problem is especially relevant for economically underdeveloped countries, in particular Ukraine, the economy of which has been developing for a long time in an extensive way. The complicated socio-ecological situation in the territory of the country is due, first of all, to insufficient financing of the medical industry and environmental protection, outdated technologies in industries, etc. The purpose of the study is to assess the environmental risks of atmospheric air pollution in industrialized regions of Ukraine. Kharkiv and Dnipro regions, which are part of the Donetsk-Prydnistrovsky economic macro-district, a powerful center of metallurgy and machine-building of the national level, were selected for the study. As part of the study, the ambient air condition was assessed from the point of view of sanitary-hygienic norms in compliance with state environmental standards as well as the risks of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects from atmospheric pollution.Regional monitoring data on average annual concentrations of common pollutants and heavy metals in the atmospheric air of the cities of Kharkiv and Dnipro regions were used in calculations, averaged over the period from 2014 to 2016. The results of calculations have shown that the total non-carcinogenic risk from atmospheric air pollution in all studied cities exceeds the permissible level: Dnipro – 19.8 HQ; Kamianske– 23.3 HQ; Kryviy Rig – 19.3 HQ; Kharkiv – 11.9 HQ. The pollutants: PM2.5, copper, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, manganese and phenol mostly contribute to the greatest non-carcinogenic risk.  The dominance of these chemicals and elements in the structure of pollution in the studied cities leads to high probability of development of harmful effects in the respiratory organs – 11.1 to 22.3 HQ; cardiovascular system – 2.9 to 12.3 HQ; immune system – 1.7 to 4.7 HQ; eyes – 0.8 to 4 HQ; central nervous system – 1,4 to 4,6 HQ.  The risk of carcinogenic effects is calculated  for substances with proven carcinogenic effects: formaldehyde, nickel, cadmium, lead and chromium. The obtained carcinogenic risk from atmospheric air pollution within the studied cities falls into two categories: conventionally acceptable level of risk and acceptable level of risk. The greatest carcinogenic danger is from pollution of atmospheric air by chromium. Contribution of chromium to total carcinogenic risk ranges from 53.6 to 90.6%. Taking into account the obtained results, it is expedient to include the assessment of the risks to the population’s health in the system of monitoring and control of the environment in Ukraine.

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