Use of Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Analysis to Source Anthropogenic Natural Gas-Derived Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in a Lagoon Sediment

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (22) ◽  
pp. 4684-4686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole McRae ◽  
Colin E. Snape ◽  
Cheng-Gong Sun ◽  
Daniele Fabbri ◽  
Daniele Tartari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Lagoon Sediment

scholarly journals Metagenomics and stable isotope probing offer insights into metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degraders in chronically polluted seawater

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella T. Sieradzki ◽  
Michael Morando ◽  
Jed A. Fuhrman
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Stable Isotope Probing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Port Of Los Angeles ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Bacterial Biodegradation

AbstractBacterial biodegradation is a significant contributor to remineralization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): toxic and recalcitrant components of crude oil as well as byproducts of partial combustion chronically introduced into seawater via atmospheric deposition. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill demonstrated the speed at which a seed PAH-degrading community maintained by low chronic inputs can respond to an acute pollution. We investigated the diversity and functional potential of a similar seed community in the Port of Los Angeles, a chronically polluted site, using stable isotope probing with naphthalene, deep-sequenced metagenomes and carbon incorporation rate measurements at the port and in two sites further into the San Pedro Channel. We show a switch in the composition of the PAH degrading community from diverse early-responding generalists to late-blooming specialized degraders. This switch demonstrates the ability of the local seed community of degraders at the Port of LA to incorporate carbon from PAHs independently of a labile-hydrocarbon degrading succession. We were able to directly show that assembled genomes belonged to naphthalene degraders by matching their 16S-rRNA gene with experimental stable isotope probing data. Surprisingly, we did not find a full PAH degradation pathway in any of those genomes and even when combining genes from the entire microbial community. We use metabolic pathways identified in those genomes to generate metagenomic-based recommendations for future optimization of PAHs bioremediation.

scholarly journals Metagenomics and Quantitative Stable Isotope Probing Offer Insights into Metabolism of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degraders in Chronically Polluted Seawater

mSystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella T. Sieradzki ◽  
Michael Morando ◽  
Jed A. Fuhrman
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Stable Isotope Probing ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Port Of Los Angeles ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

ABSTRACT Bacterial biodegradation is a significant contributor to remineralization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)—toxic and recalcitrant components of crude oil as well as by-products of partial combustion chronically introduced into seawater via atmospheric deposition. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill demonstrated the speed at which a seed PAH-degrading community maintained by chronic inputs responds to acute pollution. We investigated the diversity and functional potential of a similar seed community in the chronically polluted Port of Los Angeles (POLA), using stable isotope probing with naphthalene, deep-sequenced metagenomes, and carbon incorporation rate measurements at the port and in two sites in the San Pedro Channel. We demonstrate the ability of the community of degraders at the POLA to incorporate carbon from naphthalene, leading to a quick shift in microbial community composition to be dominated by the normally rare Colwellia and Cycloclasticus. We show that metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) belonged to these naphthalene degraders by matching their 16S-rRNA gene with experimental stable isotope probing data. Surprisingly, we did not find a full PAH degradation pathway in those genomes, even when combining genes from the entire microbial community, leading us to hypothesize that promiscuous dehydrogenases replace canonical naphthalene degradation enzymes in this site. We compared metabolic pathways identified in 29 genomes whose abundance increased in the presence of naphthalene to generate genomic-based recommendations for future optimization of PAH bioremediation at the POLA, e.g., ammonium as opposed to urea, heme or hemoproteins as an iron source, and polar amino acids. IMPORTANCE Oil spills in the marine environment have a devastating effect on marine life and biogeochemical cycles through bioaccumulation of toxic hydrocarbons and oxygen depletion by hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. Oil-degrading bacteria occur naturally in the ocean, especially where they are supported by chronic inputs of oil or other organic carbon sources, and have a significant role in degradation of oil spills. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are the most persistent and toxic component of crude oil. Therefore, the bacteria that can break those molecules down are of particular importance. We identified such bacteria at the Port of Los Angeles (POLA), one of the busiest ports worldwide, and characterized their metabolic capabilities. We propose chemical targets based on those analyses to stimulate the activity of these bacteria in case of an oil spill in the Port POLA.

Seasonal Trend And Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated With Fine Particulate Matters (PM2.5 ) In Isfahan City, Iran Using Diagnostic Ratio and PMF Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Soleimani ◽  
Zohreh Ebrahimi ◽  
Nourollah Mirghaffari ◽  
Hossein Moradi ◽  
Nasibeh Amini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Source Identification ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Particulate Matters ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Pmf Model ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract Particulate matters (PMs) and their associated chemical compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are important factors to evaluate air pollution and its health impacts particularly in developing countries. Source identification of these compounds can be used for air quality management. The aim of this study was to identify the sources of PM2.5-bound PAHs in Isfahan city, a metropolitan and industrialized area in central Iran. The PM2.5 samples were collected at 50 sites during one year. Source identification and apportionment of PAHs were carried out using diagnostic ratios (DRs) of PAHs and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The results showed that the concentrations of PM2.5 ranged from 8 to 291 µg/m3 with an average of 60.2 ± 53.9 µg/m3 whereas the sum of concentrations of the 19 PAH compounds (ƩPAHs) ranged from 0.3 to 61.4 ng/m3 with an average of 4.65 ± 8.54 ng/m3. The PAH compounds showed their highest and lowest concentrations in fall and summer, respectively. Applying DRs, suggested that the source of the PAHs were mainly from fuel combustion. The main sources identified by the PMF model were gasoline combustion (28 %) followed by diesel combustion (22 %), natural gas combustion (17 %), evaporative-uncombusted (13 %), industrial activities (11 %), and unknown sources (9 %). The results revealed that in addition to transportation and industrial activities, combustion of natural gas for heating systems as one of the PAHs source in PM2.5 should be managed in the metropolitan area.

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