Characterization of soluble and colloidal phase metal complexes in river water by ultrafiltration. A mass-balance approach

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Hoffmann ◽  
Eric C. Yost ◽  
Steven J. Eisenreich ◽  
Walter J. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
River Water ◽  
Balance Approach ◽  
Mass Balance Approach

Nitrogen Flow Characterization of Laying Hen Production Systems: A Mass Balance Approach

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Pelletier ◽  
Stéphane Godbout ◽  
Sébastien Fournel ◽  
Martin Belzile ◽  
Matthieu Girard
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Balance Approach ◽  
Flow Characterization ◽  
Mass Balance Approach

scholarly journals Applying mass balance dilution technique for wastewater disposal to Greater-Zab river in Erbil, Kurdistan region-Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Shuokr Aziz ◽  
Sardar Bruska
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
River Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Dilution Factor ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Balance Approach ◽  
Water Dilution ◽  
Mass Balance Approach

Treatment is essential for wastewaters prior to its disposal to the environment or water sources. Numerous wastewater treatment techniques are applied for the treatment of wastewater types. To date, dilution via mass balance approach has not been reported for treatment of various types of wastewaters in Erbil City, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Consequently, the aim of this work was to examine the treatment of various types of wastewaters using dilution method by river water through applying mass balance approach. Characteristics of different types of wastewaters and Greater-Zab River water in Erbil City were studied. Slaughterhouse, tannery, municipal, landfill-leachate, dairy, and refinery wastewaters in Erbil City were used in the present work. Mass balance approach was applied to verify that dilution of various types of wastewaters using Greater-Zab river water. Dilution factor and required amount of river water were calculated. Temperature, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and Dissolved oxygen (DO) were studied using mass balance approach. Results revealed that dilution factor for Erbil wastewaters varied from 10.36 to 513.91. Mixing of wastewaters with Greater-Zab river water led to decreasing of DO in the river water by 3.525 % and increasing of BOD in the Greater-Zab River water. Dilution using various quantities of raw river water via applying mass balance approach resulted in decreasing the pollutants in the wastewaters to an acceptable level and it was regarded as a treatment process. Each type of wastewater needs a definite quantity of raw water for the treatment. Commonly, sedimentation is suggested prior dilution of wastewater with the Greater-Zab River water. Maximum discharge of 1,182 m3/s is sufficient for treatment of all mentioned types of wastewaters in Erbil City.

scholarly journals Chemistry of alkaline and non-alkaline scaling in community RO for brackish water treatment operated with and without antiscalant doses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Soti ◽  
Akhilendra B. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Calcium Sulphate ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Balance Approach ◽  
Mass Balance Approach

Abstract About 3,500 small community based reverse osmosis (RO) plants have been installed in Rajasthan, India to comply with the recent Government of India guidelines for drinking water quality in rural areas. This paper presents the performance of four RO plants of Bharatpur, which face frequent replacement of membrane modules primarily due to accelerated scaling of carbonates and sulphates of calcium. A detailed chemical analysis of different streams from these plants was carried out to assess the reasons of scaling through a mass balance approach. The chemical analysis was substantiated through ion balance and the scaling potentials were analysed through different saturation indices. Efficacy of antiscalant usage plants was further assessed through mass balance approach followed by detailed characterization of the RO membrane to understand the complete fouling process, which brought out subtle differences in brackish and seawater desalination. The membranes adopting commonly used antiscalant showed an enhanced life span of 2–2.5 year by reducing calcium carbonate scaling but not calcium sulphate scaling. This study highlights the requirement of customized antiscalant application according to the feed characteristics. With a better understanding of the fouling phenomenon, this study would help enhance the life of membrane in RO plants treating brackish water.

Whole-basin, mass-balance approach for identifying critical phosphorus-loading thresholds in shallow lakes

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Kenney ◽  
Thomas J. Whitmore ◽  
David G. Buck ◽  
Mark Brenner ◽  
Jason H. Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Balance Approach ◽  
Mass Balance Approach
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