Acid neutralizing capacity, alkalinity, and acid-base status of natural waters containing organic acids

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1486-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold F. Hemond
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Acid Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Acid Base Status

scholarly journals Probabilistic relations between acid–base chemistry and fish assemblages in streams of the western Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2013-2026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry P. Baldigo ◽  
Scott D. George ◽  
Timothy J. Sullivan ◽  
Charles T. Driscoll ◽  
Douglas A. Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Acid Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Adirondack Mountains ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
S Deposition

Surface waters across much of New York’s Adirondack Mountains were acidified in the late 20th century but began to recover following the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act. Little data, however, are available to characterize biological impacts and predict recovery of fish assemblages in streams of the region. Quantitative fish and chemistry surveys were completed in 47 headwater streams during summer 2014–2016 to develop logistic (probabilistic) models that characterize the status of contemporary fish assemblages and predict how different nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition loads may affect future fish assemblages. Models for inorganic monomeric aluminum (Ali) and richness ≥1 species and for acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) and total density >400 fish/0.1 ha, total biomass >1500 g/0.1 ha, brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) density >0 or >200 fish/0.1 ha, and brook trout biomass >1000 g/0.1 ha were suitable for evaluating community and population responses to changes in acid–base chemistry. Anticipated changes in national (US) secondary standards for atmospheric emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) to achieve target N and S deposition loads will alter acid–base chemistry and the probabilities for observing various levels of fish metrics in streams across the region and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Preliminary in-vitro evaluation of marketed formulations for antacid activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Pranjali P. Dhawal ◽  
Siddhivinayak S. Barve
Keyword(s):  
Acid Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Neutralizing Potential ◽  
The Given ◽  
Expensive Process ◽  
Hcl Solution

Background: Hydrochloric acid (pH 1.5-3.5) being the major component of gastric acid is produced by parietal cells of stomach. Its secretion is a complex and relatively energetically expensive process. The preservation of acidity of stomach is evidently important because of its implications in peptic and duodenal ulceration.Methods: In the present study, we attempted to compare the activity of 13 (F1-F13) antacid formulations (5-liquid, 4- quick releases and 4- tablets) by using acid-base neutralization studies. Preliminary antacid test (PAT) was performed to define whether the given formulation falls under the category of antacid wherein the pH of the antacid-acid (HCl) solution should be higher than pH of 3.5. The chosen antacids were further subjected to acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) (reaction between the sample of antacid and amount of acid neutralized by the formulation) and acid neutralizing potential (ANP) which explains the time duration during which a given sample of antacid can maintain pH above 3.5).Results: Out of the 13 samples tested, two formulations of pastels (F6, F12) were rejected as per the standard protocol of classifying formulations as antacids after screening for PAT. Sample F5 was found to have the highest ANC. F7 also showed highest ANC among the tablets tested. Also, F13 showed better ANC and ANP as in comparison to other quick releases.Conclusions: Digene products (F5, F7, and F13) showed better antacid properties. This data would provide insights into development of drug, comparison between antacids depending on their chemical formulation and determination of dosage to avoid plausible side effects.

Influence of aqueous aluminium and organic acids on measurement of acid neutralizing capacity in surface waters

Nature ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 338 (6214) ◽  
pp. 408-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Sullivan ◽  
C. T. Driscoll ◽  
S. A. Gherini ◽  
R. K. Munson ◽  
R. B. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Acid Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity
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