Concentrating suspended sediment samples by filtration: effect on primary grain-size distribution

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1655-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G. Droppo ◽  
Bommanna G. Krishnappan ◽  
Edwin D. Ongley
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Filtration Effect

Grain size distribution of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in silt trap sediments from the combined sewer network of Paris (France)

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Moilleron ◽  
J. Perez ◽  
S. Garnaud
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

For three years (2001–2003), sediment samples were extracted from about 100 silt traps (STs) spread out all over the combined sewer network of Paris. These STs, whose volume varied from 21 to 325 m3, were cleaned out as soon as their filling capacities were reached. All these sediment samples were analysed for physicochemical parameters (pH, organic matter (OM) content, grain size distribution), total hydrocarbons (THs), 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) selected from the priority list of the US-EPA, and heavy metals (Al, Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Sn, Fe, Mn, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn). For each silt trap, six sediment samples were extracted before the clean out procedure: three samples were extracted from the sediment surface (5–10 cm depth) and three other samples were extracted from a deeper sediment layer (approximately at 1 m depth). The location of these sampling points allowed us to take into account the possible spatial fluctuation of pollutant loads in each ST. The first results showed that there were some important inter-site variations of pollutant contents. These variations have to be taken into account by the sewer manager for the fate of the ST sediments. Therefore, we decided to assess the grain size distribution of some pollutants. OM, heavy metals and PAHs have been investigated on the five grain size fractions (>20 mm, 8–20 mm, 0.5–8 mm, 50–500 μm, <50 μm) for 9 STs, which have been selected on their heavy metal content basis. This work aims at understanding the distribution of the pollutant contents and at improving the knowledge of the ST sediment pollution.

scholarly journals Sediment transport modelling in riverine environments: on the importance of grain-size distribution, sediment density and boundary conditions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémy Lepesqueur ◽  
Renaud Hostache ◽  
Núria Martínez-Carreras ◽  
Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier ◽  
Christophe Hissler
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Model Based

Abstract. Hydromorphodynamic models are powerful tools to predict the potential mobilization and transport of sediment in river ecosystems. Recent studies even showed that they are able to satisfyingly predict suspended sediment matter concentration in small river systems. However, modelling exercises often neglect suspended sediment properties (e.g. particle site distribution and density), even though such properties are known to directly control the sediment particle dynamics in the water column during rising and flood events. This study has two objectives. On the one hand, it aims at further developing an existing hydromorphodynamic model based on the dynamic coupling of TELEMAC-3D (v7p1) and SISYPHE (v7p1) in order to enable an enhanced parameterisation of the sediment grain size distribution with distributed sediment density. On the other hand, it aims at evaluating and discussing the added-value of the new development for improving sediment transport and riverbed evolution predictions. To this end, we evaluate the sensitivity of the model to sediment grain size distribution, sediment density and suspended sediment concentration at the upstream boundary condition. As a test case, the model is used to simulate a flood event in a small scale river, the Orne River in North-eastern France. The results show substantial discrepancies in bathymetry evolution depending on the model setup. Moreover, the sediment model based on an enhanced sediment grain size distribution (10 classes) and with distributed sediment density outperforms the model with only two sediment grain size classes in terms of simulated suspended sediment concentration.

scholarly journals Linking flow-stream variability to grain size distribution of suspended sediment from a satellite-based analysis of the Tiber River plume (Tyrrhenian Sea)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pitarch ◽  
F. Falcini ◽  
W. Nardin ◽  
V. E. Brando ◽  
A. Di Cicco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Sandy Sediment ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Tiber River ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSeveral coastal regions on Earth have been increasingly affected by intense, often catastrophic, flash floods that deliver significant amounts of sediment along shorelines. One of the critical questions related to the impact of these impulsive runoffs is “are flash floods more efficient in delivering non-cohesive sandy sediment along the coasts?” Here we relate flow stages (i.e., from erratic to persistent) to the grain size distribution of the suspended load, by performing a synergic analysis of in-situ river discharge and satellite-retrieved grain size distribution, from 2002 to 2014, covering the 2012 Tiber River (Italy) exceptional flood event. Our analysis shows novel and promising results regarding the capability of remote sensing in characterizing suspended sediment in terms of grain size distribution and reveals that erratic stages favour delivering of non-cohesive sandy sediment more than the persistent stages. This conclusion is supported by numerical simulations and is consistent with previous studies on suspended sediment rating curves.

scholarly journals Variability of suspended sediment grain size distribution in winter floods

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Hejduk ◽  
Leszek Hejduk
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Sediment Size

Abstract Variability of suspended sediment grain size distribution in winter floods. The work presents the results of research concern variability of suspended sediment grain size, transported during the winter floods in agricultural catchment, in the period of hydrological years 2012-2015. The information about grain size distribution from nine winter flood events were collected over the study period, which allowed to analyze the variability of suspended sediment particle size during the various events. Grain size of sediment was determined using a laser particle size analyzer Mastersizer Microplus from Malvern Instruments Ltd. Variability of individual particle size classes were observed in each flood. Sand fraction dominated in seven of nine measured events. There was no significant increase of suspended sediment size in relation to the maximum of discharge. It can be explain by a relatively low discharge of recorded events. The percentage of material classified as clay (<4 μm) ranged from 0.08 to 1.01%, silt-sized material (>4 and <63 μm) ranged between 9.31 and 67.17% and sand-size material (>63 μm) ranged from 32.01 to 90.61%. The relationship between the particle size and the discharge requires further studies. The diameter d10, d50 and d90 and a standard deviation were calculated for each flood. Mean values of d50 for individual flood ranged between 41.05 and 191.32 μm with average value of 99.01 μm and average standard deviation of 32.57.

Influence of hydrological conditions and peat extraction operations on suspended sediment concentration and deposition in the East Branch Portage River, New Brunswick (Canada)

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Es-Salhi ◽  
M. Clément ◽  
A. St-Hilaire ◽  
D. Caissie ◽  
S. C. Courtenay
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Peat Extraction

Peat extraction activities often generate sediments that can be transported into streams and rivers. These sediments have sometimes been shown to negatively affect the natural environment. This study investigated the effects of peat production on the East Branch Portage River, New Brunswick (NB), Canada. Relationships between discharge, precipitation and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were analysed. The effect of sedimentation pond maintenance activities on SSC was also studied. Finally, the grain size distribution and organic content of deposited sediments were quantified at five sites downstream of the pond. Three water quality stations were monitored during the ice-free period in 2007 and 2008. Results showed that SSC was not significantly correlated with precipitation and weakly correlated with discharge, although some of the high SSC events were triggered by high discharge and precipitation. Pond maintenance alone failed to ensure optimal sedimentation pond efficiency. In 2008, SSC increased a few days after pond maintenance. The NB SSC 25 mg/L guideline was exceeded at all stations in both years. Analysis of variance results showed that there were significant differences in the grain size distribution of deposited sediments at the five sampled sites. Sand was the prevailing sediment type deposited downstream of the sedimentation pond.

scholarly journals Variations in grain-size distribution of suspended sediment in a glacial meltwater stream, Austre Okstindbreen, Norway

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (125) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Erik Karlsen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Glacial Meltwater ◽  
Hyperbolic Distribution ◽  
Field Season ◽  
Bed Material ◽  
Grain Size Parameters ◽  
Stream Bed

Abstract Thirty-nine samples of suspended sediment from the meltwater stream of Austre Okstindbreen, Norway, were analysed using both moments and parameters of the hyperbolic distribution. The samples turned out to be non-normally distributed. No direct correlation was found between discharge and grain-size distribution, but it is supposed that the hydraulic influence is hidden behind factors like composition of morainic or stream-bed material. Through comparison of the grain-size parameters from two periods in the field season, it was possible to distinguish between two sediment populations.

scholarly journals Sediment transport modelling in riverine environments: on the importance of grain-size distribution, sediment density, and suspended sediment concentrations at the upstream boundary

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 3901-3915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémy Lepesqueur ◽  
Renaud Hostache ◽  
Núria Martínez-Carreras ◽  
Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier ◽  
Christophe Hissler
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Model Set

Abstract. Hydromorphodynamic models are powerful tools for predicting the potential mobilization and transport of sediment in river ecosystems. Recent studies have shown that they are able to predict suspended sediment matter concentration in small river systems satisfactorily. However, hydro-sedimentary modelling exercises often neglect suspended sediment properties (e.g. sediment densities and grain-size distribution), which are known to directly control sediment dynamics in the water column during flood events. The main objective of this study is to assess whether a better representation of such properties leads to an improved performance in the model. The modelling approach utilizes a fully coupled hydromorphodynamic model based on TELEMAC-3D (v7p1) and an enhanced version of the sediment transport module SISYPHE (based on v7p1), which allows for a refined sediment representation (i.e. 10-class sediment mixtures instead of 2-class mixtures and distributed sediment density instead of uniform). The proposed developments of the SISYPHE model enable us to evaluate and discuss the added value of sediment representation refinement for improving sediment transport and riverbed evolution predictions. To this end, we used several model set-ups to evaluate the influence of sediment grain-size distribution, sediment density, and suspended sediment concentration at the upstream boundary on model predictions. As a test case, we simulated a flood event in a small-scale river, the Orne river in north-eastern France. Depending on the model set-up, the results show substantial discrepancies in terms of simulated bathymetry evolutions. Moreover, the model based on an enhanced configuration of the sediment grain-size distribution (10 classes of particle sizes) and with distinct densities per class outperforms the standard SISYPHE configuration, with only two sediment grain-size classes, in terms of simulated suspended sediment concentration.

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