scholarly journals Behavior of Heavy Metals during Fluidized Bed Combustion of Poultry Litter

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 5158-5166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre Lynch ◽  
Fiona Low ◽  
Anne Marie Henihan ◽  
Alberto Garcia ◽  
Witold Kwapinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion

Emission fluxes of heavy metals from the fluidized bed combustion of fossil fuels

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. S655-S656
Author(s):  
J Smolík ◽  
M Hartman ◽  
I Sýkorová ◽  
J Kučera
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Emission Fluxes

The Study of Partitioning of Heavy Metals During Fluidized Bed Combustion of Sewage Sludge and Coal

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gulyurtlu ◽  
M. Helena Lopes ◽  
P. Abelha ◽  
I. Cabrita ◽  
J. F. Santos Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Legal Limits ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustor

The behavior of Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg during the combustion tests of a dry granular sewage sludge on a fluidized bed combustor pilot (FBC) of about 0.3 MW was evaluated. The emissions of these heavy metals from mono-combustion were compared with those of co-combustion of the sludge with a bituminous coal. The effect of the addition of limestone was also studied in order to retain sulphur compounds and to verify its influence on the retention of heavy metals (HM). Heavy metals were collected and analyzed from different locations of the installation, which included the stack, the two cyclones, and the material removed from the bed. The results showed that the volatility of metals was rather low, resulting in emissions below the legal limits of the new directive on incineration, with the exception of Hg during the mono-combustion tests. The partitioning of metals, except for Hg, appeared to follow that of ashes, amounting to levels above 90% in the bed streams in the mono-combustion case. For co-combustion, there was a lower fixation of HM in the bed ashes, mostly originating essentially from the sewage sludge, ranging between 40% and 80%. It is believed that in this latter case, a slightly higher temperature could have enhanced the volatilization, especially of Cd and Pb. However these metals were then retained in fly ashes captured in the cyclones. In the case of Hg, the volatilisation was complete. The bed ashes were free of Hg and part of Hg was retained in the cyclones and the rest was emitted either with fine ash particles or in gaseous forms. In mono-combustion the Hg emissions from the stack (particles and gas) accounted for about 50%, although there was a significant amount unaccounted for. This appeared to have significantly decreased in the case of co-combustion, as only about 15% has been emitted, due to the retention effect of cyclone ashes which presented high quantities of unburned matter, calcium and sulphur.

scholarly journals Biosecurity on Poultry Farms from On-Farm Fluidized Bed Combustion and Energy Recovery from Poultry Litter

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 2135-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Bowen ◽  
Declan Lynch ◽  
Deirdre Lynch ◽  
Anne Marie Henihan ◽  
James J. Leahy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
On Farm

Volatilization of the Heavy Metals during Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion of Forest Residue

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terttaliisa Lind ◽  
Tuomas Valmari ◽  
Esko I. Kauppinen ◽  
George Sfiris ◽  
Kristina Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Circulating Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Forest Residue ◽  
Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion

The distribution of heavy metals during fluidized bed combustion of sludge (FBSC)

2008 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Van de Velden ◽  
R. Dewil ◽  
J. Baeyens ◽  
L. Josson ◽  
P. Lanssens
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion

Combustion Characteristics of Heavy Liquid Fuels in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Anthony ◽  
D. Y. Lu ◽  
J. Q. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Fuel Flexibility ◽  
Bubbling Fluidized Bed

Liquid fuels such as bitumen, tars, and pitches are byproducts of heavy oil upgrading processes, and are usually contaminated with high sulphur and sometimes heavy metals contents as well. Fluidized bed combustion (FBC) appears to be a promising technology for the combustion of such fuels due to its inherent fuel flexibility and low emissions characteristics. The combustion of three liquid fuels, i.e., no. 6 oil, bitumen and pitch was investigated in a pilot-scale bubbling FBC unit. An efficient liquid fuel feeding system was developed and a bubbling FBC was successfully used to combust all three liquid fuels. The proportion of fuel escaping in the form of unburnt hydrocarbons in the flue gas was less than 0.4 percent and combustion efficiencies higher than 98.5 percent were achieved. However, combustion of liquid fuels tended to occur in the freeboard and, therefore, good mixing of the fuels in the bed was critical in achieving satisfactory combustion performance.

Behaviour of inorganic constituents of municipal sewage sludge during fluidized-bed combustion

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hartman ◽  
M. Pohořelý ◽  
O. Trnka
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Inorganic Constituents

AbstractThe fate of main heavy metals in municipal sewage sludge (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn) was investigated using a fluidized-bed reactor. The behaviour of metals in the incinerator was explored by comparing metal contents in the two main ash streams: bottom (in-bed) ash and ash separated by a cyclone (cyclone-catch ash). All metals showed enrichment in the cyclone ash. The ash originating from sewage sludge is thermally quite stable consisting of quartz, hematite, spar(s), mica(s), apatite, and anhydrite. It does not soften nor becomes sticky and does not tend to agglomerate at temperatures up to 950°C.

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