Surrogate Mixture Models for the Thermophysical Properties of Aviation Fuel Jet-A

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 3565-3571 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Huber ◽  
E. W. Lemmon ◽  
T. J. Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Mixture Models ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Surrogate Mixture

Preliminary Surrogate Mixture Models for the Thermophysical Properties of Rocket Propellants RP-1 and RP-2

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 3083-3088 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Huber ◽  
E. W. Lemmon ◽  
L. S. Ott ◽  
T. J. Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Mixture Models ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Rocket Propellants ◽  
Surrogate Mixture

Pressure Testing of Airport Underground Aviation Fuel Hydrant With Jet A-1 Fuel on Completion of Construction

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Clearwater
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Leak Test ◽  
Pressure Testing ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Pressure Test ◽  
Proof Strength ◽  
Hong Kong International Airport ◽  
Type Fuel

The paper is a description of the author’s experience in the pressure testing of airport underground fuel hydrants with aviation kerosene type fuel, Jet A-1. The paper will discuss pressure testing codes, useful and practical proof (strength) test and leak test acceptance criteria. Equipment to be used for the measurement of test pressures and temperatures will be discussed. Problems and advantages with testing with fuel will be covered. Interpretation of leak detection results by correlating pressure test response with temperature measurements and presentation of the concept that the trend is more important than the absolute values of pressure and temperature will be covered. Promotion of the idea that research is needed into the sensitivity of leak detection. The author has experience in the pressure test in a variety of fuel hydrants, but most recently with the fuel hydrant at the new Hong Kong International Airport at Chek Lap Kok, Hong Kong.

scholarly journals Comparison of Electrical Resistivity of Soots Formed by Combustion of Kerosene, Diesel, Aviation Fuel and their Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Okechukwu E. Agbasi
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
First Time

This research paper presents analysis of electrical resistivity values of soots formed by combustion of kerosene, diesel fuel, aviation fuel (Jet A.1), that of kerosene -diesel mixtures at different proportions and that of aviation fuel (Jet A.1)-diesel mixtures at various percentages. The results of the analysis reveal that soots formed by combusting kerosene, diesel, aviation fuel (Jet A.1) and their respective mixtures have electrical resistivity values ranging from 3.516 x 10-1Ωm to 1.836 x 10-1 Ωm . Soot from diesel fuel has the lowest value whereas soot from kerosene has the highest value of electrical resistivity. The obtained values are within the range of electrical resistivity values for materials classified as semiconductors. Electrical resistivity varies non-linearly with percentage composition of mixture constituents for soot formed by combusting kerosene-diesel mixture or aviation fuel (Jet A.1)-diesel mixture. Soot produced by combustion of pure diesel fuel has less resistivity value, indicating higher conductivity than soot obtained from the burning of aviation fuel whereas soot got from the combustion of kerosene exhibits higher electrical resistivity value than the former. This work has provided a database on the electrical resistivity values of soot (kerosene, diesel fuel, aviation fuel (Jet A.1)) formed as a result of combustion of some fuels and their mixtures for probable utilization by electrical, electronics and petroleum industries. Such database is being reported for the first time, hence making this research work a novel.

The Effect of TiO2 on Engine Emissions for Gas Turbine engine Fueled with jatropha, butanol, Soya and Rapeseed Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Booma Devi ◽  
D. Raja Joseph ◽  
R. Gokulnath ◽  
S. Manigandan ◽  
P. Gunasekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Fuel Jet

AbstractThis paper aims in assessing the effect of biofuel blend such as butanol, jatropha methyl ester, soya methyl ester and rapeseed methyl ester as an additive for the aviation fuel. In addition to the blends, the nanoparticle TiO2 of 3 % is added to the biofuel. The nanoparticle mixed at the concentration of 300ppm by ultrasonication process. The fuel Jet A, B27T, J27T, S27T and R27T are investigated for combustion and emission characteristics for various throttle settings in micro gas turbine engine. Addition of additives improves the ultimate property of the fuel by reducing the kinematic viscosity. The fuel blend B27T reports 25 % increase in total static thrust and 22 % reduction in thrust specific fuel consumption. From the results it is evident that, all fuel blends showed a significant reduction in emission values owing to high oxygen content. In addition, the thermal efficiency of the B27T and J27T is improved appreciably to 30 % and 10 % higher than Jet A fuel owing to the influence of the nanoparticle TiO2. On the other hand, the emissions like CO and NOx reduced drastically up to 70 % and 45 % respectively.

scholarly journals Experimental Characterization of Two-Phase Aerated Liquid Ethanol and Jet A Spray Flames

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6950
Author(s):  
Cary Smith ◽  
Mark Gragston ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Zhili Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cone Angle ◽  
Mie Scattering ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Flame Height ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Spray Cone Angle ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Spray Cone ◽  
Spray Flames ◽  
Fuel Jet

This work provides an analysis of an air-assisted atomizing nebulizer’s spray characteristics and combustion behaviors via application of various diagnostics. Two-phase far-field flows and flames of liquid ethanol and practical aviation fuel Jet A were characterized for the droplet distributions, fuel concentrations, and flame dynamics by shadowgraph, Mie scattering, and chemiluminescence imaging of CH*, C2*, and CO2*. Both instantaneous and time-averaged measurements of the two-phase flow and flame characteristics were obtained. Shadowgraphs were used to measure the probability distribution of the droplet diameters. Mie scattering was used to map fuel concentration and obtain the liquid spray cone angles. Estimates of the lifted flame height were obtained by both shadowgraph and Mie scattering, which were verified by the chemiluminescence images. The effect of flow rates on parameters such as flow characteristic, spray cone angle, and drop size spectrum were quantitatively characterized for both ethanol and practical aviation fuel Jet A.

scholarly journals Reduced ice number concentrations in contrails from low-aromatic biofuel blends

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 16817-16826
Author(s):  
Tiziana Bräuer ◽  
Christiane Voigt ◽  
Daniel Sauer ◽  
Stefan Kaufmann ◽  
Valerian Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Extinction Coefficients ◽  
Flight Experiment ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Aromatic Content ◽  
Fuel Jet

Abstract. Sustainable aviation fuels can reduce contrail ice numbers and radiative forcing by contrail cirrus. We measured apparent ice emission indices for fuels with varying aromatic content at altitude ranges of 9.1–9.8 and 11.4–11.6 km. Measurement data were collected during the ECLIF II/NDMAX flight experiment in January 2018. The fuels varied in both aromatic quantity and type. Between a sustainable aviation fuel blend and a reference fuel Jet A-1, a maximum reduction in apparent ice emission indices of 40 % was found. We show vertical ice number and extinction distributions for three different fuels and calculate representative contrail optical depths. Optical depths of contrails (0.5–3 min in age) were reduced by 40 % to 52 % for a sustainable aviation fuel compared to the reference fuel. Our measurements suggest that sustainable aviation fuels result in reduced ice particle numbers, extinction coefficients, optical depth and climate impact from contrails.

scholarly journals Reduced ice number concentrations in contrails from low aromatic biofuel blends

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Bräuer ◽  
Christiane Voigt ◽  
Daniel Sauer ◽  
Stefan Kaufmann ◽  
Valerian Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Extinction Coefficients ◽  
Flight Experiment ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Aromatic Content ◽  
Fuel Jet

Abstract. Sustainable aviation fuels can reduce contrail ice numbers and radiative forcing by contrail cirrus. We measured apparent ice emission indices for fuels with varying aromatic content at altitude ranges of 9.1–9.8 km and 11.4–11.6 km. Measurement data were collected during the ECLIF II/NDMAX flight experiment in January 2018. The fuels varied in both aromatic quantity and type. Between a sustainable aviation fuel blend and a reference fuel Jet A-1, a maximum reduction in apparent ice emission indices of 40 % was found. We show vertical ice number and extinction distributions for three different fuels and calculate representative contrail optical depths. Optical depths of contrails (0.5–3 minutes in age) were reduced by 40 to 52 % for a sustainable aviation fuel compared to the reference fuel. Our measurements suggest that sustainable aviation fuels result in reduced ice particle numbers, extinction coefficients, optical depth and climate impact from contrails.

Evaluation of suitable mixture proportion compatibility of aviation fuel JET A-1 blended with butanol isomers

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-413
Author(s):  
Shu-Yao Tsai ◽  
Jia-Wei Su ◽  
Jing-Ting Tong ◽  
Chun-Ping Lin
Keyword(s):  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Fuel Jet
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