Inexpensive laboratory experiments on crystal growth of water soluble substances in gel media

1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. A47 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Rastogi ◽  
Ishwar Das ◽  
Anal Pushkarna ◽  
Archana Sharma ◽  
Kiran Jaiswal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Water Soluble

scholarly journals Evaluation of stabilization of steel surface corrosion by paints

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Aleš Dvořák ◽  
Marta Ščerbejová
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Surface Corrosion ◽  
Steel Surfaces ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
Sem Test

This article deals with laboratory experiments focused on protective and stabilizing effects of paints designed to protect rusted steel surfaces. Two well-known paints (the Hammerite No.1 Rustbeater synthetic paint and the Antirezin water-soluble paint) have been evaluated. The standardized tests according to ČSN have been used for the evaluation. Stabilization of rusted steel surface hasn’t been demonstrated during the tests. The SEM test method that covers micro-analysis of elements has been used for the evaluation as well.

Nucleation and Crystal Growth of Nanocrystalline Anatase and Rutile Phase TiO2from a Water-Soluble Precursor

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 5254-5261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nichola M. Kinsinger ◽  
Ashley Wong ◽  
Dongsheng Li ◽  
Fabian Villalobos ◽  
David Kisailus
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Water Soluble

Adsorbed layers: the stimulus to settlement in barnacles

1963 ◽  
Vol 158 (972) ◽  
pp. 364-387 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Protein Fraction ◽  
Molecular Configuration ◽  
Chemical Sense ◽  
Insoluble Material ◽  
Water Soluble Protein ◽  
Adsorbed Layers ◽  
Arthropod Cuticle ◽  
Balanus Balanoides

The factor responsible for inducing settlement in cyprids of Balanus balanoides (L.) can be fractionated by ammonium sulphate, and gives positive reactions to a series of tests identifying it with arthropodin, the water soluble protein fraction of arthropod cuticle. Solutions of the settling factor have little effect on the behaviour of cyprids exploring a surface, and do not promote settlement. Slate surfaces previously soaked in a dilute seawater extract of the settling factor can be distinguished by cyprids from freshly cleaned slates, even when cyprids and both surfaces are freshly immersed in the same extract that was previously used to soak the first set of slates. It is argued from this that the cyprids must respond to a specific molecular configuration manifested by the protein only when physically or chemically bound to a surface. Since in nature cyprids respond to a surface consisting of protein tanned by the natural polyphenols of the epicuticle (sclerotin), we consider that in our laboratory experiments with adsorbed layers of soluble arthropodin they respond to the same molecular configuration at the surface. Such recognition of specific molecular groupings of an insoluble material involves a truly contact chemical sense, which we have called a ‘tactile chemical sense’. This facility may exist in other animals. The settlement behaviour of barnacle cyprids is analyzed in terms of instinctive behaviour.

scholarly journals Orientation Fabrics in Lake Ice

1962 ◽  
Vol 4 (33) ◽  
pp. 367-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Lyons ◽  
R. E. Stoiber
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Thermal Flux ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Supercooled Water ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Lake Ice ◽  
Geometric Factors ◽  
Mechanical Fragmentation ◽  
Crystallographic Orientations

AbstractLaboratory experiments and field observations permit an explanation of the varying crystallographic orientations observed in lake ice in terms of four factors: (1) coincidence of the plane of most rapid growth in ice (the basal plane) with the vector of thermal flux, (2) mechanical fragmentation of early-formed dendrites and plates by winds above a critical velocity (approximately 2.7 m./sec.), (3) the presence of a sufficiently thick layer of supercooled water to permit vertical crystal growth, and (4) the operation of geometric factors, first pointed out by Perey and Pounder, which result in the gradual elimination of the flatter plates of growing ice by the steeper ones.

Allelopathic and Water Conserving Functions of Leaf Epicuticular Exudates in the Mediterranean Shrub Dittrichia viscosa

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 755 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Stephanou ◽  
Y Manetas
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Dittrichia Viscosa ◽  
Mediterranean Shrub

The possible ecophysiological roles of the water soluble, epicuticular material accumulated on the leaves of Dittrichia viscosa (L.) W.Greuter (syn. Inula viscosa (L.) Aiton) (Asteraceae), were investigated in laboratory experiments. It was found that: (a) the material reduced cuticular transpiration; (b) it had a strong absorbance in the ultraviolet, apparently offering the leaves an ultraviolet-B radiation screen; (c) removal of this material, however, and exposure of the leaves to visible light supplemented with ultraviolet-B radiation had no effects on photosystem II photochemical efficiency or stomatal functions and caused no epidermal browning; and (d) the material was strongly inhibitory against germination of lettuce seeds and caused considerable decrease in the radicle length of Phlomis fruticosa L., a species often occupying the same habitat as D. viscosa. We infer from the above that D. viscosa leaves may be resistant to ultraviolet-B radiation damage and, accordingly, the water conservation and allelopathic functions of the epicuticular material may predominate over its potential to protect against ultraviolet-B radiation.

LABORATORY AND GREENHOUSE STUDIES ON EFFECT OF LIME AND OTHER AMENDMENTS ON WATER-SOLUBLE BORON IN SOIL

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Bishop ◽  
R. L. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Boron Content ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were used to study the effect of various soil amendments on the water-soluble boron content of a strongly acid soil.In the greenhouse, using ladino clover as the test crop, liming reduced boron availability as measured by soil and plant analysis. Calcium-boron ratios in the clover ranged from approximately 550:1 to 2000:1 and there was a significant correlation between the water-soluble boron in the soil and the boron content of the clover.In the laboratory studies calcium and magnesium carbonates were equally effective in decreasing water-soluble boron in soil. Gypsum was ineffective. Manure or alfalfa hay increased the water-soluble boron content of soil in proportion to the amounts applied. Applications of sodium hydroxide, resulting in a range of soil pH values from 4.82 to 9.72, were accompanied by decreases in water-soluble boron until a pH of approximately 8.0 was reached. Above this point water-soluble boron increased. At comparable pH values of approximately 7.0 or less, sodium hydroxide caused a smaller reduction in water-soluble boron than did either calcium or magnesium carbonate.

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