scholarly journals How Chemical Reactions Occur: An Introduction to Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Mechanisms (King, Edward L.)

1964 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Henry A. Bent
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms

Syngas Chemical Kinetics And Reaction Mechanisms

2009 ◽  
pp. 29-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Dryer ◽  
Marcos Chaos ◽  
Michael Burke ◽  
Yiguang Ju
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms

scholarly journals The Principle of Conservation of Structural Aspect: Facilitating Visual Communication and Learning in Organic Chemistry Instruction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
john andraos
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Visual Communication ◽  
Structural Aspect ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Chemistry Instruction ◽  
Individual Reaction ◽  
Training Exercises

<p>An effective pedagogical method is presented for the visual communication of chemical reactions learned in organic chemistry undergraduate courses. The basis for the method is the preservation of the visual aspect of reactant and product structures so that the tracking of cleaved and formed chemical bonds is made self-evident. This consequently leads to improved clarity of presentation and a better understanding and grasp of proposed reaction mechanisms to explain product outcomes. The method is demonstrated for a variety of individual reaction types and synthesis plans. Various visual training exercises are also presented using ChemDraw Ultra 7.0 software and literature table of contents (TOC) graphics appearing in journal articles.</p><br>

Computations by Means of Macroscopic Chemical Kinetics

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ross ◽  
Igor Schreiber ◽  
Marcel O. Vlad
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Parallel Machines ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Universal Turing Machine ◽  
Sequential Machines ◽  
Logic Functions

The topic of this chapter may seem like a digression from methods and approaches to reaction mechanisms, but it is not; it is an introduction to it. We worked on both topics for some time and there is a basic connection. Think of an electronic device and ask: how are the logic functions of this device determined? Electronic inputs (voltages and currents) are applied and outputs are measured. A truth table is constructed and from this table the logic functions of the device, and at times some of its components, may be inferred. The device is not subjected to the approach toward a chemical mechanism described in the previous chapter, of taking the device apart and testing its simplest components. (That may have to be done sometimes but is to be avoided if possible.) Can such an approach be applicable to chemical systems? We show this to be the case by discussing the implementation of logic and computational devices, both sequential machines such as a universal Turing machine (hand computers, laptops) and parallel machines, by means of macroscopic kinetics; by giving a brief comparison with neural networks; by showing the presence of such devices in chemical and biochemical reaction systems; and by presenting some confirming experiments. The next step is clear: if macroscopic chemical kinetics can carry out these electronic functions, then there are likely to be new approaches possible for the determination of complex reaction mechanisms, analogs of such determinations for electronic components. The discussion in the remainder of this chapter is devoted to illustrations of these topics; it can be skipped, except the last paragraph, without loss of continuity with chapter 5 and beyond. A neuron is either on or off depending on the signals it has received. A chemical neuron is a similar device.

scholarly journals Resonant catalysis of thermally activated chemical reactions with vibrational polaritons

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Campos-Gonzalez-Angulo ◽  
Raphael F. Ribeiro ◽  
Joel Yuen-Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Cavity Mode ◽  
Resonant Cavity ◽  
Quantum States ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Dark State ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Two Hybrid

Abstract Interaction between light and matter results in new quantum states whose energetics can modify chemical kinetics. In the regime of ensemble vibrational strong coupling (VSC), a macroscopic number $$N$$ N of molecular transitions couple to each resonant cavity mode, yielding two hybrid light–matter (polariton) modes and a reservoir of $$N-1$$ N − 1 dark states whose chemical dynamics are essentially those of the bare molecules. This fact is seemingly in opposition to the recently reported modification of thermally activated ground electronic state reactions under VSC. Here we provide a VSC Marcus–Levich–Jortner electron transfer model that potentially addresses this paradox: although entropy favors the transit through dark-state channels, the chemical kinetics can be dictated by a few polaritonic channels with smaller activation energies. The effects of catalytic VSC are maximal at light–matter resonance, in agreement with experimental observations.

Monitoring of chemical transformations by mass spectrometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. 6947-6959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Chi Chen ◽  
Po-Chiao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Chemical Transformations

During the last several decades, mass spectrometry (MS) has rapidly developed as a practical technique that can be used to monitor chemical reactions and investigate reaction mechanisms.

Dynamical resonances in chemical reactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (17) ◽  
pp. 6744-6763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Tiangang Yang ◽  
Chunlei Xiao ◽  
Zhigang Sun ◽  
Donghui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Dynamics

The transition state is a key concept in the field of chemistry and is important in the study of chemical kinetics and reaction dynamics.

CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN THE O(1D) + HCl SYSTEM III.

2002 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIDEYUKI KAMISAKA ◽  
HIROKI NAKAMURA ◽  
SHINKOH NANBU ◽  
MUTSUMI AOYAGI ◽  
WENSHENG BIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Energy Surfaces ◽  
Quantum Dynamics ◽  
Total Angular Momentum ◽  
Nonadiabatic Transitions ◽  
Angular Momentum Quantum Number ◽  
Energy Surfaces

Using the accurate global potential energy surfaces for the 11A′′ and 21A′ states reported in the previous sister Paper I, detailed quantum dynamics calculations are performed for these adiabatic surfaces separately for J = 0 (J: total angular momentum quantum number). In addition to the significant overall contributions of these states to the title reactions reported in the second Paper II of this series, quantum dynamics on these excited potential energy surfaces (PES) are clarified in terms of the PES topographies, which are quite different from that of the ground PES. The reaction mechanisms are found to be strongly selective and nicely explained as vibrationally nonadiabatic transitions in the vicinity of potential ridge.

Address of the President, Sir Howard Florey, at the Anniversary Meeting, 30 November 1962

1963 ◽  
Vol 272 (1351) ◽  
pp. 429-440
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Insight Into

Award of Medals 1962 The Copley Medal is awarded to Sir Cyril Hinshelwood, O.M., F. R .S. The contributions of Sir Cyril Hinshelwood to chemical research have been recognized repeatedly, and universally. Most of his scientific work has been concerned with the mechanism of a wide variety of chemical reactions, homogeneous and heterogeneous, and in all states of aggregation. These have included processes of fundamental importance in both chemistry and biology. His work has been characterized by a flair for the elucidation of complex processes by the ingenious planning of relatively simple experiments, together with a remarkable insight into the implication of the results. He has influenced the whole pattern of research in chemical kinetics during the past 40 years.

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