A pseudo first-order-second-order kinetics experiment: An illustration of the Guggenheim method

1964 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mushlaq Ahmad ◽  
Jan Hamer
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Guggenheim Method ◽  
Pseudo First Order

scholarly journals Harnessing of Newly Tailored Poly (Acrylonitrile)-Starch Nanoparticle Graft Copolymer for Copper Ion Removal via Oximation Reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
khaled Mostafa ◽  
H. Ameen ◽  
A. Ebessy ◽  
A. El-Sanabary
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Graft Copolymer ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Second Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Abstract Our recently tailored and fully characterized poly (AN)-starch nanoparticle graft copolymer having 60.1 G.Y. % was used as a starting substrate for copper ions removal from waste water effluent after chemical modification with hydroxyl amine via oximation reaction. This was done to change the abundant nitrile groups in the above copolymer into amidoxime one and the resultant poly (amidoxime) resin was used as adsorbent for copper ions. The resin was characterized qualitatively via rapid vanadium ion test and instrumentally by FT-IR spectra and SEM morphological analysis to confirm the presence of amidoxime groups. The adsorption capacity of the resin was done using the batch technique, whereas the residual copper ions content in the filtrate before and after adsorption was measured using atomic adsorption spectrometry. It was found that the maximum adsorption capacity of poly (amidoxime) resin was 115.2 mg/g at pH 7, 400ppm copper ions concentration and 0.25 g adsorbent at room temperature. The adsorption, kinetics and isothermal study of the process is scrutinized using different variables, such as pH, contact time, copper ion concentration and adsorbent dosage. Different kinetics models comprising the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order have been applied to the experimental data to envisage the adsorption kinetics. It was found from kinetic study that pseudo-second-order rate equation was better than pseudo-first-order supporting the formation of chemisorption process. While, in case of isothermal study, the examination of calculated correlation coefficient (R2) values showed that the Langmuir model provide the best fit to experimental data than Freundlich one.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cu (II) and Ni (II) Ions from Solution onto Calcium Alginate Beads

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
D.O. Jalija ◽  
A . Uzairu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Calcium Alginate Beads ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

The objective of this study was to investigate the biosorption of Cu (II) and Ni (II) ions from aqueous solution by calcium alginate beads. The effects of solution pH, contact time and initial metal ion concentration were evaluated. The results showed that maximum Cu (II) removal (93.10%) occurred at pH of 9.0, contact time of 120 minutes and initial ion concentration of 10 mg/L while that of Ni (II) was 94.6%, which was achieved at pH of 8.0, contact time of 120 minutes and initial ion concentration of 10 mg/L. The equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir Isotherm indicating that the process is a monolayer adsorption. The coefficients of determination, R2, values for the Langmuir Isotherm were 0.9799 and 0.9822 respectively for Cu (II) and Ni (II) ions. The values of the maximum biosorption capacity, Qo, were 10.79 and 6.25 mgg-1 respectively. The kinetic data also revealed that the sorption process could best be described by the pseudo – second order kinetic model. The R2 values for the pseudo – second order kinetic plots for Cu (II) and Ni (II) were 0.9988 and 0.9969 respectively. These values were higher than those for the pseudo – first order plots. The values of the biosorption capacity qe obtained from the pseudo – second order plots were very close to the experimental values of qe indicating that the biosorption process follows the second order kinetics. This study has therefore shown that calcium alginate beads can be used for the removal of Cu (II) and Ni (II) ions from wastewaters. Keywords: Keywords: Adsorption, Calcium alginate, Isotherm, Langmuir, Pseudo- first order, Pseudo-second order

scholarly journals The reaction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytochrome c oxidase with carbon monoxide

1975 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
S R Parr ◽  
M T Wilson ◽  
C Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Flash Photolysis ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Stopped Flow ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Rate ◽  
Co Concentration ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Two Phases

The binding of CO to ascorbate-reduced Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase was investigated by static-titration, stopped-flow and flash-photolytic techniques. Static-titration data indicated that the binding process was non-stoicheiometric, with a Hill number of 1.44. Stopped-flow kinetics obtained on the binding of CO to reduced Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase were biphasic in form; the faster rate exhibited a linear dependence on CO concentration with a second-order rate constant of 2 × 10(4) M-1-s-1, whereas the slower reaction rapidly reached a pseudo-first-order rate limit at approx. 1s-1. The relative proportions of the two phases observed in stopped-flow experiments also showed a dependency on CO concentration, the slower phase increasing as the CO concentration decreased. The kinetics of CO recombination after flash-photolytic dissociation of the reduced Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase-CO complex were also biphasic in character, both phases showing a linear pseudo-first-order rate dependence on CO concentration. The second-order rate constants were determined as 3.6 × 10(4)M-1-s-1 and 1.6 × 10(4)M-1-s-1 respectively. Again the relative proportions of the two phases varied with CO concentration, the slower phase predominating at low CO concentrations. CO dissociation from the enzyme-CO complex measured in the presence of O2 and NO indicated the presence of two rates, of the order of 0.03s-1 and 0.15s-1. When sodium dithionite was used as a reducing agent for the Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase, the CO-combination kinetics observed by both stopped flow and flash photolysis were extremely complex and not able to be simply analysed.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Estrogenic Hormones in Aqueous Solution Using Electrospun Nanofibers From Waste Cigarette Butts: Kinetics, Mechanism, and Reusability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Tomáš Šopík ◽  
Rahul Patwa ◽  
Dušan Kimmer ◽  
Vladimír Sedlařík
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Power ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
First Order ◽  
Estrogenic Hormones ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Abstract This study emphasizes rapid and simultaneous adsorptive removal of estrogenic hormones (EHs): estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), and estriol (E3) from wastewater using recycled waste cigarette electrospun nanofibers (WCENFs). The nanofibers exhibited a small diameter (196±65 nm) and large surface area (18.05 m 2 /g), along with a strong affinity towards all EHs by adsorption due to abundant hydrogen bonding interactions. A one-step high-performance liquid chromatography technique was developed to detect each EH present in the solution simultaneously. The adsorption kinetics helps select optimum conditions for the large-scale removal process, so experimental data using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion, Elovich, and fractional power models were fitted. It was found that E1, E2, and EE2 followed pseudo-second-order kinetics while E3 followed pseudo-first-order kinetic models. The total adsorption capacity on WCENFs was determined to be 2.14 mg/g, whereas the individual adsorption capacities of E1, E2, EE2, and E3 were found to be 0.551, 0.532, 0.687, and 0.369 mg/g, respectively. The percentage efficiency of WCENFs was highest with EE2 ~64.3% and least with E3 ~34.6%. Adsorption-desorption studies revealed that WCENFs could repeatedly be used four times. The reported results indicate a significant potential of WCENFs to be an effective sorbent and portable filter for simultaneous estrogenic hormone removal. WCENFs filter is a suitable alternative to commercial Cellulose acetate filters.

Biosorption of Lignin Compounds Using Biomass Derived from Eichhornia crassipes: Batch Studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renganathan Sahadevan ◽  
Ajit Balaji Kannavadi Devaraj ◽  
Dharmendira Kumar Mahendradas ◽  
Baskar Gurunathan ◽  
Manickam Velan
Keyword(s):  
Rate Equation ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Batch Studies ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Rate ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Order Rate Equation

Biosorption of lignin compounds by the Eichhornia crassipes was investigated in batch studies. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of initial sorbent dosage, solution pH and lignin compounds concentration. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were used to represent the equilibrium data. The Freundlich isotherm model was found to be fitted very well with the experimental data when compared to Langmuir isotherm model. The results showed that the equilibrium uptake capacity was found to be increased with decrease in biomass dosage. The lignin compound removal was influenced by the initial lignin compounds concentration. The sorption results were analysed for pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetic model. It was observed that the kinetic data fitted very well with the pseudo second order rate equation when compared to the pseudo first order rate equation. Sorption results were analyzed for the intra particle diffusion model.

scholarly journals Adsorption kinetic modeling using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order rate laws: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 100032
Author(s):  
Emmanuel D. Revellame ◽  
Dhan Lord Fortela ◽  
Wayne Sharp ◽  
Rafael Hernandez ◽  
Mark E. Zappi
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Modeling ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Rate Laws ◽  
Order Rate ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Kinetic Studies of Chelate Polymer Derived from 3-Nonyl Benzene and its Use for the Removal of Some Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 3336-3349
Author(s):  
Qadoori Zidan Khalaf ◽  
Hamid Mohammed Saleh Al-Jubori ◽  
Kareem Jumaah Al-salihi
Keyword(s):  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Chelate Polymer ◽  
Kinetic Equilibrium

    A new chelate polymer (2-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-2- (3-nonyl benzene) imino) methyl) benzyl) 4-6-dimethyphenol] (K4) was prepared by using the condensation reaction method and identified by several techniques, including FT-IR, NMR, and atomic absorption spectroscopy, as well as TG-DTA thermal analysis. The kinetic equilibrium for the sorption of lead and cadmium ions on the chelate polymer surface was also investigated. The results showed that the sorption of both ions followed the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic equilibrium. The rate constant values of pseudo-first-order reaction  were equal to 0.062 and 0.057 min-1  , while the values of pseudo-second-order were 0.0103 and 0.053 L.mg-1 min-1) for the sorption of Pb (II) and Cd (II) on chelate polymer, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters were also investigated and the sorption values for Pb+2 were achieved at 25 oC, ΔG = 0.436 KJ/mole, ΔH = 10.55 KJ/mole, and ΔS= 0.08 KJ/mole, , whereas those for Cd+2 were 25 oC , ΔG = -2.345 KJ/mole, ΔH = 4.378 KJ/mole, and ΔS= 0.09 KJ/mole. The results showed that the sorption process was spontaneous and endothermic in nature for the sorption of each of Pb+2 and Cd+2 on polymer surface.

The adsorption, kinetics, and interaction mechanisms of various types of estrogen on electrospun polymeric nanofiber membranes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Tomas Sopik ◽  
Lenka Lovecka ◽  
Dusan Kimmer ◽  
Vladimir Sedlarik
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract This study focuses on characterizing the adsorption kinetics of sex hormones (estrone, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, and estriol) on electrospun nanofibrous polymeric nanostructures based on cellulose acetate, polyamide, polyethersulfone, polyurethane, and polyacrylonitrile. The materials’ structure possessed fibers of average diameter in the range 174-330 nm, while its specific surface area equaled 10.2 to 20.9 m2/g. The adsorption-desorption process was investigated in four cycles to determine the reusability of the sorption systems. A one-step high-performance liquid chromatography technique was developed to detect concurrently each hormone present in the solution. Experimental data was applied to gauge adsorption kinetics with the aid of pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models; findings showed that estrone, estradiol, and ethinylestradiol followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, while estriol followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. It was observed that polyurethane had maximum adsorption capacities of 0.801, 0.590, 0.736, and 0.382 mg/g for estrone, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, and estriol, respectively. The results revealed that polyurethane had the highest percentage efficiency of estrogens removal at ~58.9% and lowest for polyacrylonitrile at ~35.1%. Consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles demonstrated that polyurethane maintained high efficiency, even after being used four times compared with the other polymers. The findings indicate the studied nanostructures have the potential to be effective sorbents for eradicating these estrogens concurrently from the environment.

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