The application of gas chromatography to the analysis of chemical reactions in flow systems

1957 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
S. A. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Flow Systems

An Approach of the Madeira Wine Chemistry

Beverages ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Perestrelo ◽  
Catarina Silva ◽  
Carolina Gonçalves ◽  
Mariangie Castillo ◽  
José S. Câmara
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Ageing Process ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wine Aroma ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Volatile Composition

Madeira wine is a fortified Portuguese wine, which has a crucial impact on the Madeira Island economy. The particular properties of Madeira wine result from the unique and specific winemaking and ageing processes that promote the occurrence of chemical reactions among acids, sugars, alcohols, and polyphenols, which are important to the extraordinary quality of the wine. These chemical reactions contribute to the appearance of novel compounds and/or the transformation of others, consequently promoting changes in qualitative and quantitative volatile and non-volatile composition. The current review comprises an overview of Madeira wines related to volatile (e.g., terpenes, norisoprenoids, alcohols, esters, fatty acids) and non-volatile composition (e.g., polyphenols, organic acids, amino acids, biogenic amines, and metals). Moreover, types of aroma compounds, the contribution of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the overall Madeira wine aroma, the change of their content during the ageing process, as well as the establishment of the potential ageing markers will also be reviewed. The viability of several analytical methods (e.g., gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-ToFMS)) combined with chemometrics tools (e.g., partial least squares regression (PLS-R), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was investigated to establish potential ageing markers to guarantee the Madeira wine authenticity. Acetals, furanic compounds, and lactones are the chemical families most commonly related with the ageing process.

On chemical reactions in internal flow systems

1960 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Chambré
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Flow Systems

A Review of Processes Affecting the Fate of Contaminants in Groundwater

1987 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Jackson ◽  
E. Hoehn
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
North American ◽  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Groundwater Flow Systems ◽  
Hydrochemical Processes ◽  
Flow Systems

Abstract The hydrological and hydrochemical processes controlling the fate of contaminants in groundwater flow systems are reviewed. The transport of these contaminants is controlled by hydrogeological phenomena, while chemical reactions, such as sorption, hydrolysis and biodegradation, act to retard and/or attenuate these substances. The results of recent research by European and North American workers are summarized for the benefit of readers unfamiliar with groundwater pollution.

scholarly journals ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЯ НАРКОТИЧНО ДІЮЧИХ РЕЧОВИН У КОСТРІ КОНОПЛЯНІЙ

2014 ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
О. В. Іващенко ◽  
Ю. В. Момот
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Active Drug ◽  
Modern Variety ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Definition Of

Стаття присвячена важливому питанню: дослі-дження відходів конопель сучасного сорту ЮСО-31на вміст наркотично діючих речовин. Визначенняканабіноїдів у здерев’янілих частинах стеблин рослинконоплі (кострі) здійснювалося різними методами.Мікроскопічне морфологічне визначення рослинногооб’єкту проводилося з метою доведення належностійого до конопель. Представлені також результатиідентифікації тетрагідроканабінолу за допомогоюякісних хімічних реакцій та кількісного аналізу мето-дом газової хроматографії. The article is devoted to an important issue: the research of the modern variety YUSO -31 hemp waste for active drug content. The cannabinoids determination in the lignified stamp parts of the cannabis plant (shive) was carried out by various methods. A microscopic morphological definition of the plant facility was carried out to prove its cannabis origin. The results of the tetrahydrocannabinol identification were also presented due to the qualitative chemical reactions and the quantitative analysis by gas chromatography.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document