Laboratory experiments on the boiling-point curves of binary mixtures

1930 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J. Soday ◽  
George W. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Laboratory Experiments

scholarly journals The Mixtures of 2.4-Dinitrophenylhidrazones of Inferior Carbonyl Compounds and their HPLC Separation with Gradient Binary Mixtures Phases

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Zgherea
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Hplc Separation ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

Mixtures of small quantities of carbonyl compounds are presents in foods, concerning sensorial qualities. The inferior carbonyl compounds (C2-C4, boiling point <100°C) – mono and dicarbonyl – can be identified and measured their concentrations, after a separation by distillation on the water bath. They are transferred in a strongly acid solution of 2.4-dinitrophenylhidrazine (2.4-DNPH), generating a mixture of insoluble 2.4-dinitrophenylhidrazones (2.4-DNPH-ones). The 2.4-DNPH-ones are organic compounds with weak polarity, solids, crystallized, yellows and water insoluble, soluble in organic solvents. The mixture of 2.4dinitrophenylhidrazones may be separated by liquid chromatography, using the reverse phase mechanism [1-3]. This paper contains experimental and theoretical considerations to the means of separation through liquid chromatography of two synthetically and a natural mixtures that contain 2.4-DNPH-ones provided by inferior carbonyl compounds; to obtain conclude results, in the synthetically mixtures was introduce and 2.4-DNPH-ones provided by carbonyl compounds having three (acetone and propanal) and four (isobutyl aldehyde) atoms of carbon.

The Effect of Vapor Polarity and Boiling Point on Breakthrough for Binary Mixtures on Respirator Carbon

AIHAJ ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 717-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coreen A. Robbins ◽  
Patrick N. Breysse
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Boiling Point

Vulcanization of Rubber in the Presence of meta-Dinitrobenzene

1938 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-330
Author(s):  
J. M. Wright ◽  
B. L. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Oxygen Analog ◽  
Consecutive Reactions ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Sulfur Vulcanization ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Additive Compound

Abstract Since Ostromislensky (J. Russ. Phys. Chem. Soc., 49, 1456 (1916)) claimed that vulcanization of rubber in the presence of m-dinitrobenzene entailed the addition of oxygen to the rubber molecule, it has been suggested that this form of vulcanization may be the oxygen analog of ordinary sulfur vulcanization. Blake (Ind. Eng. Chem., 22, 740 (1930)), however, extracted vulcanizates with acetone and determined the nitrogen content. If it were assumed that the unextractable nitrogen was combined with the rubber, the figures indicated that the chemical reaction was monomolecular, and in explanation it was suggested that consecutive reactions occurred, one of which was slow. The vulcanizate was concluded to be an additive compound of the vulcanizing agent with the rubber. Objects and Technic.—The objects of the present work were to answer two questions: (1) what are the reactants, and (2) in what manner do they react? It was hoped with the simplest binary mixtures to find what were the essential ingredients, and to proceed to increasingly complex mixtures to discover the roles of the various accessory substances. By vulcanization in solution it was found that the examination of the final reaction mixture was facilitated. The mixes were therefore dispersed in technical xylene, of boiling point 140° C., and vulcanized by boiling. At a particular stage, the rubber became insoluble, and the time required to arrive at this stage was a characteristic of the mix and was taken to be proportional to the rate of reaction.

Boiling point temperatures of the binary mixtures of 1,3-dimethylbenzene with methanol, 1-propanol, or 2-propanolat 95 kPa

2003 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Vittal Prasad ◽  
D. H. L. Prasad ◽  
G. V. Ramserish ◽  
P. Satya Kishore
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Boiling Point

Covering of cometary nucleus by refractory crust and its evolution into asteroid-like body

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Kh.I. Ibadinov
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Cometary Nucleus ◽  
Sublimation Rate ◽  
Cometary Nuclei ◽  
Short Period Comet ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Brightness Decrease ◽  
Crust Thickness ◽  
Ice Sublimation ◽  
Period Comet

AbstractFrom the established dependence of the brightness decrease of a short-period comet dependence on the perihelion distance of its orbit it follows that part of the surface of these cometary nuclei gradually covers by a refractory crust. The results of cometary nucleus simulation show that at constant insolation energy the crust thickness is proportional to the square root of the insolation time and the ice sublimation rate is inversely proportional to the crust thickness. From laboratory experiments resulted the thermal regime, the gas productivity of the nucleus, covering of the nucleus by the crust, and the tempo of evolution of a short-period comet into the asteroid-like body studied.

When Does Voice Have to be More Than Only Listening? Procedural Justice Effects as a Function of Confident Leadership

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
David De Cremer ◽  
Maarten Wubben
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Negative Emotions

The present research examined how voice procedures and leader confidence affect participants’ negative emotions and willingness to withdraw. It was predicted that receiving voice would be valued out of instrumental concerns, but only when the enacting leader was high in confidence. Two laboratory experiments indeed showed an interaction between type of voice (pre-decisional vs. post-decisional) and leader’s confidence (low vs. high) on participants’ negative emotions and willingness to withdraw. In particular, post-decision voice only led to more negative responses than did pre-decision voice when the enacting leader was high in confidence. Negative emotions mediated this interaction effect of type of voice on willingness to withdraw. Implications for integrating the leadership and procedural justice literatures are discussed.

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