scholarly journals Identifying the Cellular Targets of Drug Action in the Central Nervous System Following Corticosteroid Therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart I. Jenkins ◽  
Mark R. Pickard ◽  
Melinda Khong ◽  
Heather L. Smith ◽  
Carl L.A. Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Corticosteroid Therapy ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
Cellular Targets ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Regression of intracranial Rosai–Dorfman disease following corticosteroid therapy

2006 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 840-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. McPherson ◽  
Justin Brown ◽  
Angela W. Kim ◽  
Franco Demonte
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Corticosteroid Therapy ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Extranodal Involvement ◽  
First Case ◽  
Rosai Dorfman Disease ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Skull Base Lesions

✓ Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) is an idiopathic histioproliferative disorder usually presenting with massive, painless lymphadenopathy. Extranodal involvement has been reported including at least 50 cases affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The treatment of CNS RDD as reported in the literature has primarily involved a surgical technique. The authors report on the case of a 53-year-old man presenting with multiple skull base lesions mimicking meningiomas. The patient suffered visual deterioration and underwent a right orbitopterional craniotomy as well as optic nerve decompression. Histopathological analysis revealed histiocytic cells and emperipolesis consistent with RDD. Following surgery, corticosteroid agents were administered, leading to marked resolution of both the remaining surgically untreated lesions and the balance of the patient's symptoms. This report represents the first case of the resolution of intracranial RDD following corticosteroid therapy. Corticosteroid agents should be considered an effective option in the treatment of CNS RDD.

Effect of Intra-Arterial Injections of Adrenaline on Spinal Extensor and Flexor Reflexes

1956 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor J. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Start Of Injection ◽  
Cellular Excitability ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Higher Doses

Doses of 5–40 µg/kg of adrenaline, injected into the left renal artery, increase monosynaptic extensor reflexes evoked by single shocks in acute and chronic spinal cats and sustained extensor reflexes in the latter. This effect reaches a peak 1/2–1 minute after the start of injection and lasts several minutes. Low doses evoke only an increase but higher doses may cause more complicated effects: a) a brief early depression sometimes appears; b) following reflex enhancement a late, sometimes irreversible, depression may occur, evidently due to massive action of large doses of adrenaline. Monosynaptic and polysynaptic flexor reflexes are diversely affected by adrenaline. No evidence for a consistent reciprocal action of adrenaline on extensor and flexor reflexes has been obtained. It is suggested that the drug action on cells of the central nervous system may be fairly general, involving modification of some factor determining cellular excitability.

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