scholarly journals Revealing the Roles of Desolvation and Molecular Self-Assembly in Crystal Nucleation from Solution: Benzoic and p-Aminobenzoic Acids

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 2689-2696 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Sullivan ◽  
R. J. Davey ◽  
G. Sadiq ◽  
G. Dent ◽  
K. R. Back ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acids

Molecular Cocrystals of Carboxylic Acids. XXVI Adducts of the Amino-Substituted Benzoic Acids with Nitroaromatic Lewis Bases: the Influence of Associative Polyfunctional Substituents on Self-Assembly of Molecules in Cocrystallization Processes

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Lynch ◽  
Graham Smith ◽  
Karl A. Byriel ◽  
Colin H. L. Kennard
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Benzoic Acids ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lewis Bases ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acids ◽  
Substituted Benzoic Acids

A series of molecular adducts of the isomeric aminobenzoic acids with the nitro-substituted Lewis bases 2-chloro-5-nitropyridine, 5-nitroquinoline and 5-nitroisoquinoline has been prepared and characterized by using infrared spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction, and in four cases by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. These four compounds are the adducts of 3-aminobenzoic acid with 5-nitroquinoline [(C7H7NO2)(C9H6N2O2)], 4-aminobenzoic acid with 5-nitroquinoline [(C7H7NO2)2(C9H6N2O2)], 2-aminobenzoic acid with 5-nitroisoquinoline [(C7H7NO2)(C9H6N2O2)] and 4-aminobenzoic acid with 5-nitroisoquinoline [(C7H7N2O2)(C9H6N2O2)]. Other compounds described are the (1 : 1) adducts of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-chloro-5-nitropyridine, and 2-aminobenzoic acid with 5-nitroquinoline. All adducts involve hydrogen-bonding network associations while in none of the examples is any proton transfer involved.

scholarly journals Site-specific colloidal crystal nucleation by template-enhanced particle transport

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (43) ◽  
pp. 12094-12098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandan K. Mishra ◽  
A. K. Sood ◽  
Rajesh Ganapathy
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Colloidal Crystal ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Nucleation Density ◽  
Surface Mobility ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Particle Level ◽  
Spatially Varying

The monomer surface mobility is the single most important parameter that decides the nucleation density and morphology of islands during thin-film growth. During template-assisted surface growth in particular, low surface mobilities can prevent monomers from reaching target sites and this results in a partial to complete loss of nucleation control. Whereas in atomic systems a broad range of surface mobilities can be readily accessed, for colloids, owing to their large size, this window is substantially narrow and therefore imposes severe restrictions in extending template-assisted growth techniques to steer their self-assembly. Here, we circumvented this fundamental limitation by designing templates with spatially varying feature sizes, in this case moiré patterns, which in the presence of short-range depletion attraction presented surface energy gradients for the diffusing colloids. The templates serve a dual purpose: first, directing the particles to target sites by enhancing their surface mean-free paths and second, dictating the size and symmetry of the growing crystallites. Using optical microscopy, we directly followed the nucleation and growth kinetics of colloidal islands on these surfaces at the single-particle level. We demonstrate nucleation control, with high fidelity, in a regime that has remained unaccessed in theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies on atoms and molecules as well. Our findings pave the way for fabricating nontrivial surface architectures composed of complex colloids and nanoparticles as well.

Amidophenol-Modified Amphiphilic Calixarenes: Synthesis, Interfacial Self-Assembly, and Acetaminophen Crystal Nucleation Properties

Langmuir ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (15) ◽  
pp. 9116-9121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negar Moridi ◽  
Dirk Elend ◽  
Oksana Danylyuk ◽  
Kinga Suwinska ◽  
Patrick Shahgaldian
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Crystal Nucleation

scholarly journals Millimeter-Sized Metal-Organic Framework Single Crystals without Inversion Symmetry: Controlled Growth and Self-Assembly Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Garcia Garfido ◽  
javier enriquez ◽  
Ignacio Chi-Duran ◽  
Ivam Jara ◽  
Leonardo Vivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
External Control ◽  
Controlled Growth ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

The controllable growth of non-centrosymmetric metal organic framework (MOF) beyond the conventional micrometer crystal dimensions would represent an enabling step in the development of MOF-based devices for coherent nonlinear optics. This goal has been elusive so far, as MOF crystal typical self-assemble under metastable synthesis conditions that have several competing crystallization pathways open, and only a modest amount of external control over the crystal nucleation and growth rates is currently possible. We overcome some of these issues and achieve the controlled growth of large single crystals of the non-centrosymmetric MOF Zn(3-ptz)<sub>2</sub>, with surface areas of up to 25 mm<sup>2</sup> in 24 hours, in a single solvothermal reaction with <i>in-situ</i> ligand formation. No additional growth steps are necessary. We carry out a mechanistic study to unravel the reaction steps leading to the self-assembly of Zn(3-ptz)<sub>2</sub> crystals, by identifying and isolating several intermediate crystal structures that directly connect with the target MOF, and reversibly interconverting between them. We identify the synthesis parameters that control the size and morphology of our target MOF crystal and model its nucleation and growth kinetics using <i>ex-situ</i> image processing data. Our work is a step forward is understanding and controlling the factors that stabilize the growth of high-quality MOF crystals with sizes that are relevant for coherent optics, thus untapping possible applications of metal-organic frameworks in classical and quantum communication technology.

scholarly journals Millimeter-Sized Metal-Organic Framework Single Crystals without Inversion Symmetry: Controlled Growth and Self-Assembly Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Garcia Garfido ◽  
javier enriquez ◽  
Ignacio Chi-Duran ◽  
Ivam Jara ◽  
Leonardo Vivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
External Control ◽  
Controlled Growth ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

The controllable growth of non-centrosymmetric metal organic framework (MOF) beyond the conventional micrometer crystal dimensions would represent an enabling step in the development of MOF-based devices for coherent nonlinear optics. This goal has been elusive so far, as MOF crystal typical self-assemble under metastable synthesis conditions that have several competing crystallization pathways open, and only a modest amount of external control over the crystal nucleation and growth rates is currently possible. We overcome some of these issues and achieve the controlled growth of large single crystals of the non-centrosymmetric MOF Zn(3-ptz)<sub>2</sub>, with surface areas of up to 25 mm<sup>2</sup> in 24 hours, in a single solvothermal reaction with <i>in-situ</i> ligand formation. No additional growth steps are necessary. We carry out a mechanistic study to unravel the reaction steps leading to the self-assembly of Zn(3-ptz)<sub>2</sub> crystals, by identifying and isolating several intermediate crystal structures that directly connect with the target MOF, and reversibly interconverting between them. We identify the synthesis parameters that control the size and morphology of our target MOF crystal and model its nucleation and growth kinetics using <i>ex-situ</i> image processing data. Our work is a step forward is understanding and controlling the factors that stabilize the growth of high-quality MOF crystals with sizes that are relevant for coherent optics, thus untapping possible applications of metal-organic frameworks in classical and quantum communication technology.

scholarly journals A Bacterial Surface Layer Protein Exploits Multi-step Crystallization for Rapid Self-assembly

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Herrmann ◽  
Po-Nan Li ◽  
Fatemeh Jabbarpour ◽  
Anson C. K. Chan ◽  
Ivan Rajkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Protein Crystallization ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Surface Layer Protein

AbstractSurface layers (S-layers) are crystalline protein coats surrounding microbial cells. S-layer proteins (SLPs) regulate their extracellular self-assembly by crystallizing when exposed to an environmental trigger. However, molecular mechanisms governing rapid protein crystallization in vivo or in vitro are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the C. crescentus SLP readily crystallizes into sheets in vitro via a calcium-triggered multi-step assembly pathway. This pathway involves two domains serving distinct functions in assembly. The C-terminal crystallization domain forms the physiological 2D crystal lattice, but full-length protein crystallizes multiple orders of magnitude faster due to the N-terminal nucleation domain. Observing crystallization using time-resolved electron cryo-microscopy (Cryo-EM) reveals a crystalline intermediate wherein N-terminal nucleation domains exhibit motional dynamics with respect to rigid lattice-forming crystallization domains. Dynamic flexibility between the two domains rationalizes efficient S-layer crystal nucleation on the curved cellular surface. Rate enhancement of protein crystallization by a discrete nucleation domain may enable engineering of kinetically controllable self-assembling 2D macromolecular nanomaterials.Significance StatementMany microbes assemble a crystalline protein layer on their outer surface as an additional barrier and communication platform between the cell and its environment. Surface layer proteins efficiently crystallize to continuously coat the cell and this trait has been utilized to design functional macromolecular nanomaterials. Here, we report that rapid crystallization of a bacterial surface layer protein occurs through a multi-step pathway involving a crystalline intermediate. Upon calcium-binding, sequential changes occur in the structure and arrangement of the protein, which are captured by time-resolved small angle x-ray scattering and transmission electron cryo-microscopy. We demonstrate that a specific domain is responsible for enhancing the rate of self-assembly, unveiling possible evolutionary mechanisms to enhance the kinetics of 2D protein crystallization in vivo.

scholarly journals A bacterial surface layer protein exploits multistep crystallization for rapid self-assembly

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 388-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Herrmann ◽  
Po-Nan Li ◽  
Fatemeh Jabbarpour ◽  
Anson C. K. Chan ◽  
Ivan Rajkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Caulobacter Crescentus ◽  
Protein Crystallization ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Multiple Orders

Surface layers (S-layers) are crystalline protein coats surrounding microbial cells. S-layer proteins (SLPs) regulate their extracellular self-assembly by crystallizing when exposed to an environmental trigger. However, molecular mechanisms governing rapid protein crystallization in vivo or in vitro are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that theCaulobacter crescentusSLP readily crystallizes into sheets in vitro via a calcium-triggered multistep assembly pathway. This pathway involves 2 domains serving distinct functions in assembly. The C-terminal crystallization domain forms the physiological 2-dimensional (2D) crystal lattice, but full-length protein crystallizes multiple orders of magnitude faster due to the N-terminal nucleation domain. Observing crystallization using a time course of electron cryo-microscopy (Cryo-EM) imaging reveals a crystalline intermediate wherein N-terminal nucleation domains exhibit motional dynamics with respect to rigid lattice-forming crystallization domains. Dynamic flexibility between the 2 domains rationalizes efficient S-layer crystal nucleation on the curved cellular surface. Rate enhancement of protein crystallization by a discrete nucleation domain may enable engineering of kinetically controllable self-assembling 2D macromolecular nanomaterials.

Modeling of crystal nucleation and growth in athermal polymers: self-assembly of layered nano-morphologies

Soft Matter ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Ch. Karayiannis ◽  
Katerina Foteinopoulou ◽  
Cameron F. Abrams ◽  
Manuel Laso
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Crystal Nucleation

Mimicking Bone Nanostructure by Combining Block Copolymer Self-Assembly and 1D Crystal Nucleation

ACS Nano ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 8251-8257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Chen ◽  
Wenda Wang ◽  
Shan Cheng ◽  
Bin Dong ◽  
Christopher Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Crystal Nucleation

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

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