Constant Composition Studies Verify the Utility of the Cabrera−Vermilyea (C-V) Model in Explaining Mechanisms of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystallization

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1769-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Wang ◽  
James J. De Yoreo ◽  
Xiangying Guan ◽  
S. Roger Qiu ◽  
John R. Hoyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Composition Studies ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Constant Composition

The Effects of Citrate and Phosphocitrate on the Kinetics of Mineralization of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate.

1989 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Richardson ◽  
M. Johnsson ◽  
F. K. Bangash ◽  
V. K. Sharma ◽  
J. D. Sallis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Composition Studies ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Supersaturated Solution ◽  
Constant Composition ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Saturated Solutions

AbstractThe adsorption of citrate and phosphocitrate on calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) surfaces has been measured in saturated solutions of calcium oxalate monohydrate at 37°C. In separate adsorption experiments, the uptake of phosphocitrate was markedly greater than that of citrate. When both additives were present, the adsorption of phosphocitrate was further increased. In constant composition studies of the crystallization of CON from supersaturated solution, phosphocitrate was more effective as an inhibitor than was citrate.

2045 IN VITRO DISSOLUTION OF CALCIUM OXALATE MONOHYDRATE CRYSTALS BY APPLYING THE CONSTANT COMPOSITION METHOD

2011 ◽  
Vol 185 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Bouropoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Charalampogiannis ◽  
Nikolaos Ferakis ◽  
Constantine Bouropoulos ◽  
Iraklis Poulias
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Constant Composition ◽  
Composition Method

Evidence that nephrocalcin and urine inhibit nucleation of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (5) ◽  
pp. F824-F830 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Asplin ◽  
S. DeGanello ◽  
Y. N. Nakagawa ◽  
F. L. Coe
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Constant Composition ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Pump Delivery ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Supersaturated Solutions ◽  
Normal Controls

Human urine, and nephrocalcin (NC), a glycoprotein of probable kidney cell origin, greatly reduce consumption of calcium and oxalate from metastably supersaturated solutions seeded with calcium oxalate crystals, a phenomenon usually referred to as inhibition of crystal growth. We seeded metastably supersaturated calcium oxalate solutions with calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals under conditions of ion clamping to maintain constant composition and measured ion consumption from pump delivery rates. Consumption rates increased continuously with time as if the solutions were autocatalytic. After incubation, the seeds were covered with innumerable crystallites, which were also free and numerous in the solution, reflecting self-nucleation. The addition of 20% whole, dialyzed urine, or purified NC reduced ion consumption rates markedly, and the only crystals observed at the end of incubation were the large original seeds. Crystals precoated with concentrated dialyzed urine or NC also showed reduced ion consumption. Urine and NC from patients with nephrolithiasis inhibited nucleation less than normal controls. Self-nucleation seems to be the preferred response in sparsely seeded, ion-clamped, supersaturated solutions, such as exist in the nephron. Urine and NC suppress self-nucleation in vitro by adsorbing to the surface of calcium oxalate crystals.

scholarly journals Can stone composition be predicted by plain X-ray and/or non-contrast CT? A study validated by X-ray diffraction analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gadelmoula ◽  
Ahmed M. Moeen ◽  
Ahmed Elderwy ◽  
Mohamed S. Abdel-Kader ◽  
Ayman Elqady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Stone Analysis ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Contrast Ct

Abstract Background The stone composition has a great influence on the outcome of its treatment. There are several tests to predict the composition of stones preoperatively and stone analysis postoperatively. Herein, we want to evaluate if the stone composition could be predicted from plain X-ray KUB (PKUB) and/or non-contrast CT (NCCT) validated by in vitro X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD). Methods Between April 2014 and March 2016, 100 cases with urinary tract stones were included in the study. The radio-opacity of the stones in PKUB, stone density by NCCT, and after stone extraction, XRD were performed. Statistical analysis for the results was performed using Chi-square and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables and Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis H for the nonparametric variables. The receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to determine the best cutoff value. Results This study included 74 males and 26 females with a median age of 32 years (range 2–70). Regarding the radio-opacity by PKUB, there were 30 stones dense opaque, 44 opaque, 21 faint opaque, and 5 radiolucent. XRD revealed 97 mixed and 3 pure stones. The calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stone composition could be predicted in dense opaque stone by PKUB in 75.9% and urate composition in the radiolucent stone by 40%. The cutoff value of HU density by NCCT to the dense opaque stones in the PKUB was > 1020 and for radiolucent stones was < 590. Conclusion Stone radio-opacity by PKUB and its attenuation value by NCCT could successfully predict its calcium oxalate monohydrate, struvite, and urate composition. However, the chemical stone analysis is still required as most stones are mixed.

Surface effects in the crystal growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate

1987 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Singh ◽  
S.S. Gaur ◽  
D.J. White ◽  
G.H. Nancollas
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Surface Effects ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate
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