Targeted Oxygen Delivery within Hepatic Hollow Fiber Bioreactors via Supplementation of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1374-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse P. Sullivan ◽  
Andre F. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Oxygen Carriers ◽  
Hollow Fiber Bioreactors

Enhanced Oxygen Delivery to Primary Hepatocytes within a Hollow Fiber Bioreactor Facilitated via Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse P. Sullivan ◽  
Jason E. Gordon ◽  
Therese Bou-Akl ◽  
Howard W. T. Matthew ◽  
Andre F. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Oxygen Carriers ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes ◽  
Hollow Fiber Bioreactor

The biochemistry of drugs and doping methods used to enhance aerobic sport performance

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 63-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris E. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Blood Substitutes ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Carriers ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Blood Doping

Optimum performance in aerobic sports performance requires an efficient delivery to, and consumption of, oxygen by the exercising muscle. It is probable that maximal oxygen uptake in the athlete is multifactorial, being shared between cardiac output, blood oxygen content, muscle blood flow, oxygen diffusion from the blood to the cell and mitochondrial content. Of these, raising the blood oxygen content by raising the haematocrit is the simplest acute method to increase oxygen delivery and improve sport performance. Legal means of raising haematocrit include altitude training and hypoxic tents. Illegal means include blood doping and the administration of EPO (erythropoietin). The ability to make EPO by genetic means has resulted in an increase in its availability and use, although it is probable that recent testing methods may have had some impact. Less widely used illegal methods include the use of artificial blood oxygen carriers (the so-called ‘blood substitutes’). In principle these molecules could enhance aerobic sports performance; however, they would be readily detectable in urine and blood tests. An alternative to increasing the blood oxygen content is to increase the amount of oxygen that haemoglobin can deliver. It is possible to do this by using compounds that right-shift the haemoglobin dissociation curve (e.g. RSR13). There is a compromise between improving oxygen delivery at the muscle and losing oxygen uptake at the lung and it is unclear whether these reagents would enhance the performance of elite athletes. However, given the proven success of blood doping and EPO, attempts to manipulate these pathways are likely to lead to an ongoing battle between the athlete and the drug testers.

Magnetic resonance imaging and modeling of flow in hollow-fiber bioreactors

AIChE Journal ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Heath ◽  
G. Belfort ◽  
B. E. Hammer ◽  
S. D. Mirer ◽  
J. M. Pimbley
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hollow Fiber Bioreactors

Abstract 190: Repeated Doses of Dodecafluoropentane Emulsion Provide Neuroprotection Up to 24 Hours Following Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rabbits

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D Woods ◽  
Robert D Skinner ◽  
Aliza T Brown ◽  
Aaron M Ricca ◽  
Jennifer L Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Blood Substitutes ◽  
Hypoxic Cell ◽  
Oxygen Carriers ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Introduction: Neuroprotective strategies in ischemic stroke include oxygen delivery to sustain penumbra and prevent hypoxic cell death. Hyperbaric oxygen, blood substitutes, and liquid fluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers have often failed in treatment of stroke and other ischemic disorders. Dodecafluoropentane emulsion (DDFPe, boiling point 29°C) shifts to quasi-gas phase at body temperature, which allows absorption and transportation of very high levels of oxygen. Exceptionally small particle size, 250-300 nm, may allow oxygen delivery even through occluded vessels, by diffusion into hypoxic tissue unreachable by whole blood. In a preliminary stroke study in rabbits, DDFPe reduced infarct volumes in all experimental groups by 80% or more. Hypothesis: Repeated doses of DDFPe can reduce infarct volume for up to 24 hours after permanent cerebral artery occlusion in rabbits. Methods: New Zealand White rabbits (N=55) received cerebral angiography from a femoral artery approach. Embolic microspheres (diameter=700-900 μm) were injected into the internal carotid artery, permanently occluding the middle cerebral and/or anterior cerebral arteries. Rabbits were randomly assigned to treatment groups and sacrifice times as in Table 1. In all treated groups, intravenous DDFPe dosing with a 2% w/v emulsion began at 1 hour post-embolization and was repeated every 90 minutes until sacrifice at either 7 or 24 hours post-embolization. Following sacrifice, infarcts were measured as a percent of brain volume using vital stains on brain sections. Results: Percent infarct volume means significantly decreased for all DDFPe treated groups compared with controls (Table 1). Conclusion: Intravenous DDFPe begun 1 hour after stroke onset protects the brain from ischemic injury in the rabbit model of permanent embolic stroke. Decreased infarct volumes represent salvaged brain tissue. This effect can be observed for 24 hours with repeated doses.

ACTIVATION AND EXPANSION OF HUNAN CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTES IN HOLLOW FIBER BIOREACTORS

1994 ◽  
pp. 735-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H.J. Lamers ◽  
R.J. van de Griend ◽  
J.W. Gratama ◽  
R.L.H. Bolhuis
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Hollow Fiber Bioreactors

Production of Anti-EGF Receptor hMAB in Hollow Fiber Bioreactors for in Vivo Diagnosis

2006 ◽  
pp. 417-419
Author(s):  
M. A. Arias ◽  
A. Valdés ◽  
D. Curbelo ◽  
O. M. Morejón ◽  
I. Caballero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
In Vivo Diagnosis ◽  
Hollow Fiber Bioreactors
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